Protein Information

Name mitogen activated protein kinase (protein family or complex)
Synonyms MAPK; mitogen activated protein kinase; mitogen activated protein kinases

Compound Information

Name sulfur
CAS sulfur

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
20091890 Hui C, Like W, Yan F, Tian X, Qiuyan W, Lifeng H: S-allyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha induced monocyte adhesion and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Anat Rec. 2010 Mar;293(3):421-30.

Garlic and its water-soluble allyl sulfur-containing compound, S-Allyl-L-cysteine Sulfoxide (ACSO), have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, inhibiting the development of atherosclerosis.
Apparently, ACSO inhibited proinflammatory cytokine-induced adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and related intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression, maintaining mitochondrial membrane potential, and suppressing the overproduction of superoxide anion in endothelial cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19546851 Gobbi G, Ricci F, Malinverno C, Carubbi C, Pambianco M, Panfilis G, Vitale M, Mirandola P: Hydrogen sulfide impairs keratinocyte cell growth and adhesion inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Lab Invest. 2009 Sep;89(9):994-1006. Epub 2009 Jun 22.

As a mechanistic explanation of these effects, we show at the molecular level that (i) H2S reduces the Raf/MAPK kinase/ERK signaling pathway; (ii) the reduced adhesion of sulfur-treated cells is associated to the downregulation of the expression of beta4, alpha2 and alpha6 integrins that are necessary to promote cell adhesion as well as anti-apoptotic and proliferative signaling in normal keratinocytes.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
19961386 Imai T, Ii H, Yaegaki K, Murata T, Sato T, Kamoda T: Oral malodorous compound inhibits osteoblast proliferation. J Periodontol. 2009 Dec;80(12):2028-34.

Previous studies demonstrated that volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were highly toxic to periodontal tissues, causing a large reduction in the amount of collagen in human gingival fibroblasts and extracellular matrix as well as, for example, apoptosis, immunologic responses, and matrix metalloproteinase production.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of H2S on the proliferation of osteoblasts and a signaling transduction pathway through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19464336 Mukhopadhyay S, Mukherjee S, Stone WL, Smith M, Das SK: Role of MAPK/AP-1 signaling pathway in the protection of CEES-induced lung injury by antioxidant liposome. Toxicology. 2009 Jul 10;261(3):143-51. Epub 2009 May 21.

The maximum protection was achieved with a liposome composed of tocopherols (alpha, gamma, delta) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) when administered after 5 min of exposure of 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES), a half sulfur mustard gas.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19528215 Bamford CV, d'Mello A, Nobbs AH, Dutton LC, Vickerman MM, Jenkinson HF: Streptococcus gordonii modulates Candida albicans biofilm formation through intergeneric communication. Infect Immun. 2009 Sep;77(9):3696-704. Epub 2009 Jun 15.


Coincubation of the two microbial species led to activation of C. albicans mitogen-activated protein kinase Cek1p, inhibition of Mkc1p activation by H (2) O (2), and enhanced activation of Hog1p by farnesol, which were direct effects of streptococci on morphogenetic signaling.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19761830 Pal A, Tewari-Singh N, Gu M, Agarwal C, Huang J, Day BJ, White CW, Agarwal R: Sulfur mustard analog induces oxidative stress and activates signaling cascades in the skin of SKH-1 hairless mice. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009 Dec 1;47(11):1640-51. Epub 2009 Sep 15.

CEES exposure instigated an increase in the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs; ERK1/2, JNK, and p38).
1(0,0,0,1) Details