Protein Information

Name PP1
Synonyms NPY4 R; PP1; NPY4R; Neuropeptide Y receptor type 4; PPYR 1; PPYR1; Pancreatic polypeptide receptor 1; Y4…

Compound Information

Name cypermethrin
CAS cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17200551 Swingle M, Ni L, Honkanen RE: Small-molecule inhibitors of ser/thr protein phosphatases: specificity, use and common forms of abuse. Methods Mol Biol. 2007;365:23-38.

Common mistakes in the employment of these compounds will also be addressed briefly, notably the widespread misconception that they only inhibit the activity of PP1 and PP2A.
Inhibitors of PP2B (calcineurin) will only be mentioned in passing, except to state that, in our hands, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and fenvalerate, which are sold as potent inhibitors of PP2B, do not inhibit the catalytic activity of PP2B.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8869588 Abayasekara DR, Ford SL, Persaud SJ, Jones PM: Role of phosphoprotein phosphatases in the corpus luteum: II control of progesterone secretion by isolated rat luteal cells. J Endocrinol. 1996 Aug;150(2):213-21.

We have recently demonstrated the presence and activity of PP1 and PP2A in rat luteal cells and the present study was undertaken to determine the consequences of inhibiting PP activity in terms of progesterone secretion.
In contrast to the inhibitory effects of PP1/2A inhibitors on progesterone biosynthesis, a PP2B inhibitor, cypermethrin, had no effect on LH-stimulated steroidogenesis.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
11341974 Siddiqui RA, Jenski LJ, Neff K, Harvey K, Kovacs RJ, Stillwell W: Docosahexaenoic acid induces apoptosis in Jurkat cells by a protein phosphatase-mediated process. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Jan 15;1499(3):265-75.

DHA-induced apoptosis was effectively inhibited by tautomycin and cypermethrin at concentrations that affect protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) activities, respectively, implying a role for these phosphatases in the apoptotic pathway.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
14666168 Ciereszko R, Opalka M, Kaminska B, Wojtczak M, Okrasa S, Dusza L: Luteotrophic action of prolactin during the early luteal phase in pigs: the involvement of protein kinases and phosphatases. Reprod Biol. 2001 Nov;1(2):62-83.

In addition, treatments included: PKC inhibitors--staurosporine and chelerythrine chloride; tyrosine kinase inhibitors--genistein and tyrphostin; serine-threonine phosphatase inhibitors--okadaic acid, cantharidin (inhibitors of PP1/2A) and cypermethrin (inhibitor of PP2B); and tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor--sodium orthovanadate.
In addition, treatments included: PKC inhibitors--staurosporine and chelerythrine chloride; tyrosine kinase inhibitors--genistein and tyrphostin; serine-threonine phosphatase inhibitors--okadaic acid, cantharidin (inhibitors of PP1/2A) and cypermethrin (inhibitor of PP2B); and tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor--sodium orthovanadate.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17981404 Moreno-Delgado D, Blanco I, Ortiz J: Phosphatases regulate histamine synthesis in rat brain. . Neuroscience. 2007 Dec 12;150(3):616-24. Epub 2007 Sep 21.

In this work we show that the protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)/protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) inhibitor okadaic acid increases histamine synthesis up to twofold in rat cortical miniprisms containing histaminergic nerve endings.
Other phosphatase inhibitors like endothall (PP2A), cypermethrin and cyclosporin A (protein phosphatase 2B, PP2B) had much lower effects.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16139540 Shin DS, Wilkie MP, Pamenter ME, Buck LT: Calcium and protein phosphatase 1/2A attenuate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activity in the anoxic turtle cortex. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2005 Sep;142(1):50-7.

Okadaic acid and calyculin A, inhibitors of serine/threonine PP1 and PP2A, potentiated NMDAR currents during normoxia and prevented anoxia-mediated attenuation of NMDAR currents.
However, cypermethrin, an inhibitor of the Ca (2+)/calmodulin-dependent PP2B (calcineurin), abolished the anoxic decrease in NMDAR activity at 20, but not 40 min suggesting that this phosphatase might play an early role in attenuating NMDAR activity during anoxia.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18429239 Weiser DC, Shenolikar S: Use of protein phosphatase inhibitors. . Curr Protoc Protein Sci. 2003 May;Chapter 13:Unit 13.10.


This unit describes protocols for inhibiting the cellular PP1/PP2A activity with okadaic acid, microcystin-LR, and PP2B/calcineurin and a widely utilized strategy for inhibiting protein tyrosine phosphatases.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18322273 Zhong M, Murtazina DA, Phillips J, Ku CY, Sanborn BM: Multiple signals regulate phospholipase CBeta3 in human myometrial cells. Biol Reprod. 2008 Jun;78(6):1007-17. Epub 2008 Mar 5.


Cypermethrin, a PP2B phosphatase inhibitor, but not okadaic acid, a PP1/PP2A inhibitor, prolonged the effect of CALCA on P-S (1105), whereas the reverse was the case for the oxytocin-stimulated increase in P-S (1105).
0(0,0,0,0) Details
17008368 Yang CH, Huang CC, Hsu KS: Novelty exploration elicits a reversal of acute stress-induced modulation of hippocampal synaptic plasticity in the rat. J Physiol. 2006 Dec 1;577(Pt 2):601-15. Epub 2006 Sep 28.


Novelty exploration-induced reversal of stress effects was prevented when the animals were given the NMDA receptor antagonist D-(-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid, the cholinergic antagonist atropine and the protein phosphatase (PP) 2B inhibitors cyclosporin A and cypermethrin, but not the alpha1-adrenergic antagonist prazosin, the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol or the PP1/2A inhibitor okadaic acid, respectively before being subjected to the novel environment.
0(0,0,0,0) Details