Protein Information

Name cholinesterases
Synonyms Acylcholine acylhydrolase; BCHE; BCHE protein; Butyrylcholine esterase; Butyrylcholinesterase; CHE1; Choline esterase II; Cholinesterase…

Compound Information

Name isofenphos
CAS 1-methylethyl 2-[[ethoxy[(1-methylethyl)amino]phosphinothioyl]oxy]benzoate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9891917 Astroff AB, Young AD: The relationship between maternal and fetal effects following maternal organophosphate exposure during gestation in the rat. Toxicol Ind Health. 1998 Nov-Dec;14(6):869-89.

This study compared the maternal and fetal effects, including cholinesterase inhibition, following gestational exposure to six organophosphates: tribufos, oxydemeton-methyl, azinphos-methyl, fenamiphos, isofenphos, and fenthion in the Sprague-Dawley rat.
86(1,1,1,6) Details
15234572 Williams RD, Boros LG, Kolanko CJ, Jackman SM, Eggers TR: Chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes exposed to the anticholinesterase pesticide isofenphos with mechanisms of leukemogenesis. Leuk Res. 2004 Sep;28(9):947-58.
13(0,0,2,3) Details
10771584 Nigg HN, Knaak JB: Blood cholinesterases as human biomarkers of organophosphorus pesticide exposure. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2000;163:29-111.

OPs possessing carboxylesters, such as malathion and isofenphos, are hydrolyzed by the direct action of 'B'-esterases (i.e., carboxylesterase, CaE).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
6510327 Hill EF, Camardese MB: Toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to birds: technical grade versus granular formulations. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1984 Dec;8(6):551-63.

The test chemicals were Amaze 15G (isofenphos), Counter 15G (terbufos), Dasanit 15G (fensulfothion), Diazinon 14G (diazinon), Di-Syston 15G (disulfoton), Dyfonate 20G (fonofos), Furadan 10G (carbofuran), Lorsban 15G (chlorpyrifos), Nemacur 15G (fenamiphos), Parathion 10G (parathion), Tattoo 10G (bendiocarb), Temik 15G (aldicarb), and Thimet 15G (phorate).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1566275 Henderson JD, Higgins RJ, Dacre JC, Wilson BW: Neurotoxicity of acute and repeated treatments of tabun, paraoxon, diisopropyl fluorophosphate and isofenphos to the hen. Toxicology. 1992;72(2):117-29.

Plasma acetylcholinesterase (AChE), non-specific butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and creatine kinase (CK) activities were measured in order to monitor whether the compounds were present at biologically active concentrations.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10048710 Calore EE, Sesso A, Puga FR, Cavaliere MJ, Calore NM, Weg R: Sarcoplasmic lipase and non-specific esterase inhibition in myofibers of rats intoxicated with the organophosphate isofenphos. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 1999 Jan;51(1):27-33.

This sarcoplasmic inhibition of esterases occurs roughly in parallel to the inhibition of plasma cholinesterase activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9711194 Cavaliere MJ, Puga FR, Calore EE, Calore NM, Pelegrino JR, da Rosa AR, Weg R: Protective effect of pralidoxime on muscle fiber necrosis induced by organophosphate compounds. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998;36(4):295-300.

CONCLUSIONS: Oxime reduced diaphragmatic muscle necrosis in experimental organophosphate intoxication, despite little effect on plasma cholinesterase.
DESIGN: Adult male Wistar rats were given oral organophosphate compounds dissolved in glycerol formal: dichlorvos, isofenphos, metamidophos, and diazinon.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15112752 Knaak JB, Dary CC, Power F, Thompson CB, Blancato JN: Physicochemical and biological data for the development of predictive organophosphorus pesticide QSARs and PBPK/PD models for human risk assessment. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2004 Mar-Apr;34(2):143-207.

Except for work on parathion, chlorpyrifos, and isofenphos, very few modeling data were found on the 31 OPs of interest.
A limited amount of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and carboxylesterase (CaE) inhibition and recovery data were found in the literature on the 31 OPs.
1(0,0,0,1) Details