| Name | IL 6 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | 26 kd protein; B cell differentiation factor; B cell stimulatory factor 2; BSF 2; BSF2; CDF; CTL differentiation factor; HGF… |
| Name | benzalkonium chloride |
|---|---|
| CAS | quaternary ammonium compounds, alkylbenzyldimethyl, chlorides |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9249285 | Holliday MR, Corsini E, Smith S, Basketter DA, Dearman RJ, Kimber I: Differential induction of cutaneous TNF-alpha and IL-6 by topically applied chemicals. Am J Contact Dermat. 1997 Sep;8(3):158-64. OBJECTIVE: The present investigation compared the ability of the skin allergens oxazolone and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and the skin irritant benzalkonium chloride (BZC) to stimulate the cutaneous expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in mice. |
9(0,0,1,4) | Details |
| 12796255 | Goto Y, Ibaraki N, Miyake K: Human lens epithelial cell damage and stimulation of their secretion of chemical mediators by benzalkonium chloride rather than latanoprost and timolol. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Jun;121(6):835-9. Secretions of IL-1alpha, and IL-6 at x10 dilutions of latanoprost or timolol were 3 to 77 times higher than in controls, whereas they were 190 to 305 times higher at a x180 dilution of benzalkonium chloride. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 15128598 | Fichorova RN, Bajpai M, Chandra N, Hsiu JG, Spangler M, Ratnam V, Doncel GF: Interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8 predict mucosal toxicity of vaginal microbicidal contraceptives. Biol Reprod. 2004 Sep;71(3):761-9. Epub 2004 May 5. The present study evaluates four surface-active microbicide candidates, nonoxynol-9 (N-9), benzalkonium chloride (BZK), and monolaurate for their activity against human sperm and HIV, and their capacity to induce an inflammatory response on human vaginal epithelial cells and by the rabbit vaginal mucosa. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 8821678 | Holliday MR, Dearman RJ, Corsini E, Basketter DA, Kimber I: Selective stimulation of cutaneous interleukin 6 expression by skin allergens. J Appl Toxicol. 1996 Jan-Feb;16(1):65-70. In the present study we have addressed this by examination of the local cutaneous production of interleukin 6 (IL-6) following topical exposure of mice to oxazolone, a potent contact allergen, or to benzalkonium chloride (BZC), a skin irritant that is considered not to have a significant potential to cause skin sensitization. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 18715840 | Swiercz R, Halatek T, Wasowicz W, Kur B, Grzelinska Z, Majcherek W: Pulmonary irritation after inhalation exposure to benzalkonium chloride in rats. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2008;21(2):157-63. A significantly higher BALF concentration of IL-6 and IgE was noted in animals exposed to single and repeated doses. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9394834 | Aiba S, Terunuma A, Manome H, Tagami H: Dendritic cells differently respond to haptens and irritants by their production of cytokines and expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Eur J Immunol. 1997 Nov;27(11):3031-8. In spite of the augmented CD86 expression on DC treated with DNCB or NiCl2, these chemicals induced different responses of DC in their expression of CD54 and HLA-DR and the production of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. After we confirmed that monocyte-derived DC showed at least phenotypic characteristics and a response to TNF-alpha similar to LC, we added various chemicals, i.e., dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB), NiCl2, ZnCl2, (SDS), or benzalkonium chloride (BC), to a culture of purified monocyte-derived CD1a+ DC. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8564646 | Augustin C, Damour O: Pharmacotoxicological applications of an equivalent dermis: three measurements of cytotoxicity. Cell Biol Toxicol. 1995 Aug;11(3-4):167-71. In evaluating this system for irritancy testing, three different measures of toxicity were used: MTT (dimethylthiazol diphenyltetrazolium reduction, and lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin-6 release. The experiments described herein represent a preliminary evaluation to determine the usefulness and predictive value of our 24 ED kit as an alternative method for the prediction of human dermal reaction, versus three chemical products: cadmium lauryl and benzalkonium chloride. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16036864 | D'Cruz OJ, Erbeck D, Uckun FM: A study of the potential of the pig as a model for the vaginal irritancy of benzalkonium chloride in comparison to the nonirritant microbicide PHI-443 and the spermicide vanadocene dithiocarbamate. Toxicol Pathol. 2005;33(4):465-76. At various times after gel application, cell differentials and levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha) in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) fluid were monitored by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8006454 | Wilmer JL, Burleson FG, Kayama F, Kanno J, Luster MI: Cytokine induction in human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to contact irritants and its relation to chemical-induced inflammation in mouse skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1994 Jun;102(6):915-22. In response to exogenous stimuli such as phorbol-12- 13- ultraviolet B radiation, and lipopolysaccharide, human keratinocytes produce soluble mediators that are important in primary contact irritancy including cytokines that are associated with proinflammatory properties (interleukin-1 alpha [IL-1 alpha], tumor necrosis factor alpha), chemotaxis (IL-8), and growth activation (granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor, IL-6, transforming growth factor alpha). We examined qualitative and quantitative changes in selected intracellular and secreted cytokines in human keratinocyte cultures in response to non-sensitizing contact irritants (croton oil, methyl ethyl sensitizing irritants (oxazolone, dinitrofluorobenzene), and ulcerative agents benzalkonium chloride, trioxide). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15586800 | Riechelmann H, Deutschle T, Stuhlmiller A, Gronau S, Burner H: Nasal toxicity of benzalkonium chloride. . Am J Rhinol. 2004 Sep-Oct;18(5):291-9. Concentrations for interleukin (IL)-6 in the placebo period were 41.5 pg/mL (0.9-91.7 pg/mL) and in the BAC period were 17.6 pg/mL (3.2-65.9 pg/mL; p = 0.46), and concentrations for substance P were 119 pg/mL (58-293 pg/mL) and 131 pg/mL (80-330 pg/mL; p = 0.31), respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15118463 | Koh SW, Coll TJ, Rose L, Matsumoto Y, Higginbotham EJ: Antiglaucoma eye drop pulses--increased interleukin-6 secretion by Tenon's capsule fibroblast cultures. J Glaucoma. 2004 Jun;13(3):200-9. Twice daily and for four and a half days, confluent secondary (2-4 passages) cultures were treated (30 minutes at 37 degrees C) with the following drugs (diluted at 1:400-1:100): 0.2% brimonidine-tartrate (Alphagan), 2.0% dorzolamide-HCl (Trusopt), 0.5% timolol-maleate (Timoptic), 2.0% dorzolamide-HCl/0.5% timolol-maleate (Cosopt), 2 and 4% pilocarpine-HCl (Akarpine and Pilocar), 0.005% latanoprost (Xalatan), placebos for Trusopt and Timoptic, and 0.01% benzalkonium chloride. |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 16900358 | Pauly A, Brignole-Baudouin F, Guenoun JM, Riancho L, Rat P, Warnet JM, Baudouin C: Comparative study of topical anti-allergic eye drops on human conjunctiva-derived cells: responses to and IFN gamma and toxicological profiles. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2007 Apr;245(4):534-46. Epub 2006 Aug 10. Supernatants of -stimulated cells were evaluated for the production of IL-6 and IL-8 by ELISA, while the expression of ICAM-1 was evaluated by flow cytometry on IFN gamma-stimulated cells. Conversely, eye drops preserved with benzalkonium chloride (BAC) induced even higher ICAM-1 expression levels on IFN gamma-stimulated cells than did IFN gamma alone, whereas unpreserved drugs had no effect. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |