Protein Information

Name hemoglobin (protein family or complex)
Synonyms Hemoglobin; Hemoglobins

Compound Information

Name paraquat
CAS 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17403534 Wang YQ, Zhang HM, Zhang GC, Liu SX, Zhou QH, Fei ZH, Liu ZT: Studies of the interaction between paraquat and bovine hemoglobin. . Int J Biol Macromol. 2007 Aug 1;41(3):243-50. Epub 2007 Mar 3.
162(2,2,2,2) Details
18328532 Ha MH, Choi J: Effects of environmental contaminants on hemoglobin of larvae of aquatic midge, Chironomus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae): a potential biomarker for ecotoxicity monitoring. Chemosphere. 2008 May;71(10):1928-36. Epub 2008 Mar 6.

The effects of environmental contaminants (i.e., nonylphenol, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, benzo [a] pyrene, chlorpyriphos, paraquat dichloride, and lead nitrate) on Chironomus hemoglobin were investigated in the 4th instar larvae of Chironomus riparius (Diptera: Chironomidae), with respect to the total hemoglobin contents, individual globin gene expression, individual globin protein expression and hemoglobin oxidation.
33(0,1,1,3) Details
19471991 Ha MH, Choi J: Effects of environmental contaminants on hemoglobin gene expression in Daphnia magna: a potential biomarker for freshwater quality monitoring. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009 Aug;57(2):330-7. Epub 2009 May 27.

In this study, alteration of Daphnia magna Hb was evaluated in terms of its gene expression, using four D. magna Hb open reading frames (ORFs), by exposure of various chemicals, such as nonylphenol (NP), bisphenol A (BPA), benzo [a] pyrene (B [a] P), chloropyriphos (CP), paraquat dichloride (PQ), and lead nitrate (Pb), under laboratory conditions.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16624371 Lee SM, Lee SB, Park CH, Choi J: Expression of heat shock protein and hemoglobin genes in Chironomus tentans (Diptera, chironomidae) larvae exposed to various environmental pollutants: a potential biomarker of freshwater monitoring. Chemosphere. 2006 Nov;65(6):1074-81. Epub 2006 Apr 19.

As pollutants, we examined nonylphenol, bisphenol-A, 17alpha-ethynyl estradiol, bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, endosulfan, paraquat dichloride, chloropyriphos, fenitrothion, cadmium chloride, lead nitrate, potassium dichromate, benzo [a] pyrene and carbon tetrachloride.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
20050821 Gil HW, Seok SJ, Jeong DS, Yang JO, Lee EY, Hong SY: Plasma level of malondialdehyde in the cases of acute paraquat intoxication. Clin Toxicol. 2010 Feb;48(2):149-52.

However, the following parameters were significantly different between survivors and nonsurvivors: the amount of PQ ingestion, plasma PQ levels, basal MDA levels, WBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet counts, albumin, BUN, creatinine, potassium, amylase, and arterial blood gas analysis (pH, pCO (2), HCO (-)(3)).The nonsurvivors' baseline MDA (11.4 +/- 3.8 vs. 9.8 +/- 2.8, p = 0.040) was higher than the survivors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12974543 Lee EY, Hwang KY, Yang JO, Hong SY: Predictors of survival after acute paraquat poisoning. Toxicol Ind Health. 2002 May;18(4):201-6.

Initial clinical parameters including vital signs, hemoglobin, white-blood-cell count, pH, PaCO2, PaO2, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, amylase, and glucose were obtained at the time of arrival at the emergency room.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18606314 Suh GJ, Lee CC, Jo IJ, Shin SD, Lee JC, Min BG, Singer AJ: Hemoperfusion using dual pulsatile pump in paraquat poisoning. Am J Emerg Med. 2008 Jul;26(6):641-8.

0(0,0,0,0) Details
18776028 Chung CC, Hwang SP, Chang J: Nitric oxide as a signaling factor to upregulate the death-specific protein in a marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum, during blockage of electron flow in photosynthesis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Nov;74(21):6521-7. Epub 2008 Sep 5.


In contrast, treatment with another photoinhibitor, paraquat, had no effect on ScDSP-1 expression.
0(0,0,0,0) Details