Protein Information

Name C18
Synonyms B1; D1; BBS 9; BBS9; BBS9 GENE; Bardet Biedl syndrome 9 protein; C18; PTH responsive osteosarcoma B1 protein…

Compound Information

Name parathion
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
7663993 Oneto ML, Basack SB, Kesten EM: Total and conjugated urinary paranitrophenol after an acute parathion ingestion. Sci Justice. 1995 Jul-Sep;35(3):207-11.

In a fatal case of acute parathion ingestion, paranitrophenyl sulphate, the paranitrophenyl glucuronide and free paranitrophenol excretion on day 3 were quantitated using a HPLC reverse method with a C18 column following sample preparation using a C18 mini-column and methanol elution.
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15865175 Pagliuca G, Gazzotti T, Zironi E, Sticca P: Residue analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in animal matrices by dual column capillary gas chromatography with nitrogen-phosphorus detection. J Chromatogr A. 2005 Apr 15;1071(1-2):67-70.

The isolation of these pesticides was performed by liquid partition followed by cleanup with solid phase cartridge (SPE C18), after extraction from the matrix.
The quantification of each OPP was obtained using parathion-ethyl as internal standard.
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11048846 Gil Garcia MD, Martinez Galera M, Pablos Espada MD, Garrido Frenich A, Martinez Vidal JL: Determination of binary and ternary mixtures of pesticides in wetland waters by gas chromatography using partial least-squares analysis. J AOAC Int. 2000 Sep-Oct;83(5):1068-75.

Three different mixtures of pesticides were resolved with satisfactory results: parathion-methyl, chlorpyrifos-methyl, and vinclozolin; parathion-ethyl, chlorpyrifos, and triadimefon; and endosulfan sulfate and carbophenothion.
The proposed models were applied to the determination of 3 mixtures of pesticides at levels of 0.02-1.00 ng/mL in wetland water samples after a preconcentration step with C18 cartridges, with recoveries ranging from 82.7 to 117.4%.
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11228713 Lambropoulou D, Sakellarides T, Albanis T: Determination of organophosphorus insecticides in natural waters using SPE-disks and SPME followed by GC/FTD and GC/MS. Fresenius J Anal Chem. 2000 Nov;368(6):616-23.

Two methods for the analysis of ten organophosphorus insecticides in natural waters using solid phase extraction disks containing C18 and SDB and solid phase microextraction fibers containing polyacrylate (PA) are developed.
Bromophos ethyl, bromophos methyl, dichlofenthion, ethion, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, malathion, parathion ethyl and parathion methyl were determined by GC/MS and GC/FTD.
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2635371 Molto JC, Font G, Farre R, Manes J: [Pesticide determination in water after separation on reverse-phase minicolumns]. Rev Sanid Hig Publica. 1989 Jul-Aug;63(7-8):31-7.

The lindane, methoxichlor, parathion and methylparathion content of water is measured in a gas-chromatography fitted with a capture electron detector.
Prior extraction and concentration are done by using Sep-Pak C18 cartridges with ethyl acetate as eluent, which is offers certain advantages over hexane and methanol.
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11324596 Garcia-Repetto R, Gimenez MP, Repetto M: New method for determination of ten pesticides in human blood. J AOAC Int. 2001 Mar-Apr;84(2):342-9.

The pesticides studied, which have appeared frequently in actual cases, were endosulfan, lindane, parathion, ethyl-azinphos, diazinon, malathion, alachlor, tetradifon, fenthion and dicofol (o-p' and p-p' isomers).
The extraction is performed by solid-phase extraction, with C18 cartridges and 2 internal standards, perthane and triphenylphosphate.
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9051211 Kaur I, Mathur RP, Tandon SN: Parameters affecting the decay of some organophosphorus pesticides: a study by high-performance liquid chromatography. Biomed Chromatogr. 1997 Jan-Feb;11(1):22-4.


An HPLC procedure has been developed to follow the decay of malathion and methylparathion under control conditions using an mu-Bondapak C18 column with a mixture of acetonitrile and water to mobile phase and an ultraviolet detector for detection.
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9145509 Cho Y, Matsuoka N, Kamiya A: Determination of organophosphorous pesticides in biological samples of acute poisoning by HPLC with diode-array detector. Chem Pharm Bull. 1997 Apr;45(4):737-40.

We have developed a simple and rapid method for measuring 11 organophosphorous pesticides (dichlorvos, methidathion, salithion, malathion, fenitrothion, fenthion, parathion, diazinon, ethylthiometon, O-ethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate (EPN) and chlorpyrifos) and one metabolite (3-methyl-4-nitrophenol) of fenitrothion in serum and urine of acute poisoning patients by HPLC with a diode-array detector.
An aliquot of the biological sample after deproteinization by acetonitrile was injected into C18 column using acetonitrile-water as a mobile phase.
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12187961 Lambropoulou DA, Sakkas VA, Hela DG, Albanis TA: Application of solid-phase microextraction in the monitoring of priority pesticides in the Kalamas River (N.W. J Chromatogr A. 2002 Jul 19;963(1-2):107-16.

A comparison with a well-established solid-phase extraction (C18 disks) procedure was performed for samples of high-season application (May-September) in order to confirm the effectiveness of the SPME technique.
The most frequently detected pesticides were some of the more commonly used herbicides, such as S-ethyl-N,N-di-n-propylthiol carbamate (EPTC), trifluralin, atrazine, deethylatrazine, terbuthylazine and alachlor, and insecticides, such as carbofuran, diazinon, disulfoton, parathion methyl, parathion ethyl, fenthion and ethion.
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19222918 Ma J, Xiao R, Li J, Zhao X, Shi B, Li S: Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in underground water by SPE-GC-MS. J Chromatogr Sci. 2009 Feb;47(2):110-5.

A rapid and effective method is developed for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides (dichlorovos, methyl parathion, malathion, and parathion) in underground water by solid-phase extraction (SPE)-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
The use of Cleanert-PEP polymer SPE column improved higher extraction efficiencies than the C18 SPE column commonly used.
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12113343 Brito NM, Navickiene S, Polese L, Jardim EF, Abakerli RB, Ribeiro ML: Determination of pesticide residues in coconut water by liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography with electron-capture plus thermionic specific detection and solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J Chromatogr A. 2002 May 31;957(2):201-9.

The first procedure involves solid-phase extraction using Sep-Pak Vac C18 disposable cartridges with methanol for elution.
The other procedure is based on liquid-liquid extraction with hexane-dichloromethane (1:1, v/v), followed by gas chromatographic analysis with effluent splitting to electron-capture detection for determination of endosulfan, captan, tetradifon and trichlorfon and thermionic specific detection for determination of malathion, parathion-methyl and monocrotophos.
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10693054 Luchini LC, Peres TB, de Andrea MM: Monitoring of pesticide residues in a cotton crop soil. J Environ Sci Health B. 2000 Jan;35(1):51-9.

This paper reports on the residues of methyl parathion (O,O-dimethyl O-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate), trifluralin (alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine), endosulfan [(1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7-hexachloro-8, 9, 10-trinorborn-5-en-2, 3-ylenebismethylene) sulfite] and dimethoate (O, O-dimethyl S-methylcarbamoylmethyl phosphorodithioate) in a cotton crop soil.
The recoveries of the pesticide residues from the spiked control soil were determined after Soxhlet extraction and C18 cartridges clean-up by using radiotracer techniques with the corresponding 14C-pesticides.
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8694256 Lacorte S, Barcelo D: Determination of parts per trillion levels of organophosphorus pesticides in groundwater by automated on-line liquid-solid extraction followed by liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry using positive and negative ion modes of operation. Anal Chem. 1996 Aug 1;68(15):2464-70.

Liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry with positive and negative ion modes of operations was used for the trace determination of several organophosphorus pesticides, (E)- and (Z)-mevinphos, dichlorvos, azinphos-methyl, azinphosethyl, parathion-methyl, parathion-ethyl, malathion, fenitrothion, fenthion, chlorfenvinphos, and diazinon, in groundwater.
This method required only 100 mL of water, and it was combined with a prior automated online liquid-solid extraction step using an OSP-2 autosampler containing C18 cartridges.
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