Protein Information

Name muscles
Synonyms COX 7a M; COX VIIa M; COX7A; COX7A1; COX7A1 protein; COX7AH; COX7AM; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a H…

Compound Information

Name parathion
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
3868356 Deli E, Somlyay I, Varnagy L: Biochemical study of muscle samples from chicken embryos affected by Wofatox 50 EC. Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1985;8:277-9.


The eggs were opened on the day 19 of incubation and samples were obtained from both cervical and femoral muscles.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1308495 Mani A, Thomas MS, Abraham AP: Type II paralysis or intermediate syndrome following organophosphorous poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India. 1992 Aug;40(8):542-4.


Two patients had an initial improvement followed by development of paralysis of neck flexors, cranial nerves, proximal muscles of the limbs and respiratory muscles, which occurred 48 to 96 hours after the poisoning.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8231994 Kok A: REM sleep pathways and anticholinesterase intoxication: a mechanism for nerve agent-induced, central respiratory failure. Med Hypotheses. 1993 Aug;41(2):141-9.

The mechanism of death following exposure to anticholinesterases, such as the highly toxic nerve agents soman and VX, and other organophosphate anticholinesterases such as the insecticide parathion, remains unclear, although evidence from nerve agent research suggests that death occurs by an atropine blockable respiratory failure mediated through mechanisms involving the central nervous system.
It is proposed that REM sleep pathways, which can be triggered by acetylcholine accumulation in the pontomedullar reticular field, mediate respiratory failure through the inhibition of respiratory muscles.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1512808 De Bleecker J, Willems J, Van Den Neucker K, De Reuck J, Vogelaers D: Prolonged toxicity with intermediate syndrome after combined parathion and methyl parathion poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1992;30(3):333-45; discussion 347-9.

The clinical characteristics included respiratory paresis, weakness in the territories of several motor cranial nerves, neck flexors and proximal limb muscles, and depressed tendon reflexes, all lasting for several days or weeks.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16884752 Li C, Taneda S, Suzuki AK, Furuta C, Watanabe G, Taya K: Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities of 4-nitrophenol in diesel exhaust particles. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Nov 15;217(1):1-6. Epub 2006 Jun 29.

PNP is also a known degradation product of the insecticide parathion.
Furthermore, in castrated immature male rats implanted with a silastic tube (length, 5 mm) containing crystalline testosterone and injected subcutaneously with 0.01, 0.1, or 1 mg/kg PNP daily for 5 days, those receiving the doses of 0.1 mg/kg showed significant (P <0.05) weight decreases in seminal vesicles, ventral prostate, levator ani plus bulbocavernosus muscles, and glans penis.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1455989 De Bleecker J, Vogelaers D, Ceuterick C, Van Den Neucker K, Willems J, De Reuck J: Intermediate syndrome due to prolonged parathion poisoning. Acta Neurol Scand. 1992 Oct;86(4):421-4.

An intermediate syndrome characterized by respiratory paresis, weakness in the territory of several motor cranial nerves and of proximal limb and neck flexor muscles, persisted for 3 weeks.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7322183 Karcsu S, Toth L, Marosi G, Simon Z: [Analysis of histochemical changes caused by acute Wofatox poisoning in a model experiment]. Morphol Igazsagugyi Orv Sz. 1981 Oct;21(4):289-96.


Effect of Wofatox on the central nervous system, striated muscles and on the myocardium of rats has been studied by the aid of light- and electron microscopic histochemistry.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6985243 Disertori B, Ducati A, Piazza M: [Spasmodic torticollis, substantiating Manto syndrome, of possible toxic aethiology, with alterations of brainstem acoustic evoked potentials (BAEPs). Ann Osp Maria Vittoria Torino. 1982 Jan-Jun;25(1-6):3-20.

Head was so rotated that permitted only backward seeing and compressed brachial plexus between scaleni muscles with sensory, motor and trophic troubles in the hand.
A toxic aethiology from parathion is likely.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19858641 Rafsanjani FN, Ardakani ZV, Vahedian J, Moradi M, Attar AF: The effect of chronic consumption of paraoxon on basal and pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid and pepsin secretion in rats. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2007 Oct-Dec;13(4):172-5.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Paraoxon, an organophosphate metabolite of the insecticide parathion inhibits the enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (Achase).
Organophosphates affect the heart, visual system, nervous system and muscles.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3401257 Deli E, Kiss Z: Effect of parathion and methylparathion on protein content of chicken embryo muscle in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Sep 1;37(17):3251-6.

Chicken eggs were treated with 0.4 per cent solutions of parathion or methylparathion for four or eight days, and the two-dimensional gel electrophoretic protein pattern of cervical muscles of eighteen days old embryos was analyzed.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
7966439 Gupta RC, Goad JT, Kadel WL: Cholinergic and noncholinergic changes in skeletal muscles by carbofuran and methyl parathion. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Nov;43(3):291-304.

The objective of this investigation was to determine the distribution of cholinergic (acetyl-cholinesterase, AChE) and noncholinergic markers in slow-, fast-, and mixed-fiber containing muscles (soleus, SOL; extensor digitorum longus, EDL; and diaphragm, DIA, respectively).
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8017243 Varnagy L: Biochemical examination of muscle samples from pheasant embryos affected by Wofatox 50 EC (50% parathion-methyl). Acta Vet Hung. 1993;41(3-4):409-13.

The eggs were opened on day 23 of the incubation period and samples were obtained from both the cervical and the femoral muscles.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
20036651 Thiermann H, Seeger T, Gonder S, Herkert N, Antkowiak B, Zilker T, Eyer F, Worek F: Assessment of neuromuscular dysfunction during poisoning by organophosphorus compounds. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Dec 29.

The results obtained with paraoxon favourably correlate with data from clinical findings of parathion-poisoned patients where the correlation of neuromuscular transmission with the activity of erythrocyte AChE could be established.
Dysfunction of respiratory muscles is a life-threatening complication in poisoning by organophosphorus compounds (OPs).
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9491337 He F, Xu H, Qin F, Xu L, Huang J, He X: Intermediate myasthenia syndrome following acute organophosphates poisoning--an analysis of 21 cases. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1998 Jan;17(1):40-5.

The responsible OP insecticides included parathion, omethoate and some OP containing pesticide mixtures.
Muscular weakness appeared in the following three categories of muscles: (1) neck flexors and proximal limb muscles; (2) muscles innervated by motor cranial nerves and/or (3) respiratory muscles.
2(0,0,0,2) Details