Protein Information

Name CYP2C9
Synonyms (R) limonene 6 monooxygenase; Xenobiotic monooxygenase; Mephenytoin 4 hydroxylase; Microsomal monooxygenase; S mephenytoin 4 hydroxylase; (S) limonene 6 monooxygenase; (S) limonene 7 monooxygenase; CPC 9…

Compound Information

Name parathion
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12388841 Gentry PR, Hack CE, Haber L, Maier A, Clewell HJ 3rd: An approach for the quantitative consideration of genetic polymorphism data in chemical risk assessment: examples with warfarin and parathion. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Nov;70(1):120-39.

Our results suggest that polymorphisms in the PON1 gene, that give rise to allelic variants of paraoxonase, which is involved in the metabolism of paraoxon (a metabolite of parathion), make only a minor contribution to the overall variability in paraoxon tissue dose, while polymorphisms in the CYP2C9 gene, which gives rise to allelic variants of the major metabolic enzyme for warfarin, account for a significant portion of the overall variability in (S)-warfarin tissue dose.
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17079358 Foxenberg RJ, McGarrigle BP, Knaak JB, Kostyniak PJ, Olson JR: Human hepatic cytochrome p450-specific metabolism of parathion and chlorpyrifos. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Feb;35(2):189-93. Epub 2006 Nov 1.

CYP1A2, 2B6, 2C9, 2C19, 3A4, 3A5, and 3A7 were found to be active to a widely varying degree in parathion metabolism, whereas all, with the exception of CYP2C9, were also found to be active in chlorpyrifos metabolism.
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10794390 Eaton DL: Biotransformation enzyme polymorphism and pesticide susceptibility. Neurotoxicology. 2000 Feb-Apr;21(1-2):101-11.

For example, one or more PM have been identified in human CYP1A1, CYP1B1, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, CYP2D6, and CYP2E1.
Recent studies using cDNA expressed human CYPs have suggested that CYP3A4 is the principal human CYP involved in the oxidation of parathion and probably other organo (thio) phosphate (OP) insecticides and thus PM in this CYP might influence susceptibility to OP.
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9023313 Butler AM, Murray M: Biotransformation of parathion in human liver: participation of CYP3A4 and its inactivation during microsomal parathion oxidation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1997 Feb;280(2):966-73.

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10484078 Nadin L, Murray M: Participation of CYP2C8 in retinoic acid 4-hydroxylation in human hepatic microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1999 Oct 1;58(7):1201-8.


Greater inhibition was produced by the less selective CYP3A inhibitors parathion, quinidine, and ketoconazole; CYP1A inhibitors were ineffective.
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