Protein Information

Name M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Synonyms CHRM 2; CHRM2; HM2; M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor; Muscarinic M2 receptor; Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2; M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors; Muscarinic M2 receptors…

Compound Information

Name permethrin
CAS (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
11248143 Abou-Donia MB, Goldstein LB, Jones KH, Abdel-Rahman AA, Damodaran TV, Dechkovskaia AM, Bullman SL, Amir BE, Khan WA: Locomotor and sensorimotor performance deficit in rats following exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and permethrin, alone and in combination. Toxicol Sci. 2001 Apr;60(2):305-14.

Treatment with PB, DEET, and permethrin alone caused a significant increase in ligand binding for m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) in the cortex.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
14751452 Abou-Donia MB, Dechkovskaia AM, Goldstein LB, Abdel-Rahman A, Bullman SL, Khan WA: Co-exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and/or permethrin causes sensorimotor deficit and alterations in brain acetylcholinesterase activity. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2004 Feb;77(2):253-62.

PB alone or in combination with DEET and permethrin at all doses increased ligand binding for m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor in the cortex.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
12587253 Abu-Qare AW, Abou-Donia MB: Combined exposure to DEET (N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide) and permethrin: pharmacokinetics and toxicological effects. J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2003 Jan-Feb;6(1):41-53.

Concurrent application of DEET and permethrin induced urinary excretion of 3-nitrotyrosine and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, markers of DNA damage and oxidative stress in rats, increased the release of rat brain mitochondrial cytochrome c, disrupted the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in rats, decreased m2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor ligand binding density in rat brain, increased urinary excretion of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol, a marker CYP3A4 induction, altered sensorimotor and locomotor activities in rats, and changed in vivo and in vitro metabolism and pharmacokinetic profiles of the individual compound.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
12270692 Abdel-Rahman A, Shetty AK, Abou-Donia MB: Disruption of the blood-brain barrier and neuronal cell death in cingulate cortex, dentate gyrus, thalamus, and hypothalamus in a rat model of Gulf-War syndrome. Neurobiol Dis. 2002 Aug;10(3):306-26.

We investigated the effects of a combined exposure to restraint stress and low doses of chemicals pyridostigmine bromide (PB), N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET), and permethrin in adult male rats, a model of Gulf-War syndrome.
All animals were evaluated for: (i) the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) using intravenous horseradish peroxidase (HRP) injections and endothelial barrier antigen (EBA) immunostaining; (ii) neuronal cell death using H&E; staining, silver staining, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunostaining; and (iii) acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and m2-muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (m2-AChR).
1(0,0,0,1) Details