Protein Information

Name lactate dehydrogenase (protein family or complex)
Synonyms LDH; lactate dehydrogenase; lactate dehydrogenases

Compound Information

Name pyrethrins
CAS pyrethrins

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
15036745 Olgun S, Gogal RM Jr, Adeshina F, Choudhury H, Misra HP: Pesticide mixtures potentiate the toxicity in murine thymocytes. Toxicology. 2004 Mar 15;196(3):181-95.


These pesticide exposures caused both apoptotic and necrotic cell death in thymocytes as evaluated by flow cytometric analysis in combination with 7-aminoactinomycin-D (7-AAD), Annexin-V/propidium iodide (PI) staining assays and lactate dehydrogenase release assays.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11862614 Mani U, Islam F, Prasad AK, Kumar P, Maji BK, Dutta KK: Pulmonary toxicity of a formulated preparation of fenvalerate in rats subchronically exposed by nose only inhalation for 90 days. Biomed Environ Sci. 2001 Dec;14(4):333-40.


RESULTS: Fen exposed rats showed a significant increase in enzymatic activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT) which are considered as biochemical indicators of pulmonary damage.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17159788 Dobsikova R, Velisek J, Wlasow T, Gomulka P, Svobodova Z, Novotny L: Effects of cypermethrin on some haematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2006 Dec;27 Suppl 2:91-5.


As far as biochemical indices are concerned, the exposure caused a significant (P <0.01) increase in glucose and lactate concentration and creatine kinase activity, and a significant (P <0.01) decrease in total proteins, albumins, total globulins, ammonia, lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase in blood plasma of exposed carp compared to the control group.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12543454 Takano H, Fukushi H, Morishima Y, Shirasaki Y: Calmodulin and calmodulin-dependent kinase II mediate neuronal cell death induced by depolarization. Brain Res. 2003 Feb 7;962(1-2):41-7.


Treatment of primary cortical neurons with 10 microM veratridine, a voltage sensitive Na (+) channel activator, induced cell death as indicated by lactate dehydrogenase leakage from neurons.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12858966 Kamalaveni K, Gopal V, Sampson U, Aruna D: Recycling and utilization of metabolic wastes for energy production is an index of biochemical adaptation of fish under environmental pollution stress. Environ Monit Assess. 2003 Aug;86(3):255-64.


The activity levels of lactate dehydrogenase and lactic acid were assessed in various tissues of the fish during exposure to lethal concentration of group-II Pyrethroids (deltamethrin, cypermethrin, fenvalerate and fluvalinate) for a period of 72 hours.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
12524023 Das BK, Mukherjee SC: Toxicity of cypermethrin in Labeo rohita fingerlings: biochemical, enzymatic and haematological consequences. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;134(1):109-21.


Lactate dehydrogenase activity in brain and liver was elevated, but inhibited in kidney.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15803954 Mushigeri SB, David M: Accumulation of fenvalerate and related changes in lactate and succinate dehydrogenases activity in functionally different tissues of the freshwater fish, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamilton). J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2004;15(3-4):143-52.


Enzyme assay indicated an increased activity of lactate dehydrogenase, whereas the activity of succinate dehydrogenase decreased continuously up to 96 h in all selected tissues.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15266958 Jayasree U, Reddy AG, Reddy KS, Anjaneyulu Y, Kalakumar B: Evaluation of vitamin E against deltamethrin toxicity in broiler chicks. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2003 Oct;47(4):447-52.


Weekly body weights, feed conversion ratio, glutathione (GSH) concentration and high density lipoproteins (HDL) were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced, while the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione reductase (GSH-R), catalase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and the lipid profile and renal biomarkers were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in group 2 and 3 at the end of 4th wk as compared to group 1.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15313449 Tripathi G, Verma P: Fenvalerate-induced changes in a catfish, Clarias batrachus: metabolic enzymes, RNA and protein. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2004 May;138(1):75-9.


Exposure to fenvalerate gradually decreased the activity of citrate synthase (CS), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6-PDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in brain, liver and skeletal muscle up to 21 days.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15365239 Manna S, Bhattacharyya D, Mandal TK, Das S: Repeated dose toxicity of alfa-cypermethrin in rats. J Vet Sci. 2004 Sep;5(3):241-5.


It increased the serum aminotransaminases (AST, ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities and blood glucose level significantly. alpha-CP decreased RBC count, PCV and Hb level significantly.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14630057 Grajeda-Cota P, Ramirez-Mares MV, Gonzalez de Mejia E: Vitamin C protects against in vitro cytotoxicity of cypermethrin in rat hepatocytes. Toxicol In Vitro. 2004 Feb;18(1):13-9.


In vitro cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) leakage were measured, as indicators of hepatic damage, at 1, 15 and 30 min of exposure to CM.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16978760 Yousef MI, Awad TI, Mohamed EH: Deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage and biochemical alterations in rat and its attenuation by Vitamin E. Toxicology. 2006 Oct 29;227(3):240-7. Epub 2006 Aug 14.


Enzymatic activities of aminotransferases (AST and ALT), phosphatases (AcP and AlP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in plasma were significantly increased, while acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was inhibited.
1(0,0,0,1) Details