Protein Information

Name superoxide dismutase
Synonyms IPO B; Indophenoloxidase B; MNSOD; Manganese superoxide dismutase; Manganese containing superoxide dismutase; Mangano superoxide dismutase; Mn superoxide dismutase; Mn SOD…

Compound Information

Name pyrethrins
CAS pyrethrins

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19500828 Wang XZ, Liu SS, Sun Y, Wu JY, Zhou YL, Zhang JH: Beta-cypermethrin impairs reproductive function in male mice by inducing oxidative stress. Theriogenology. 2009 Sep 15;72(5):599-611. Epub 2009 Jun 4.


These toxic effects of beta-CYP may be mediated by increasing oxidative stress, as the moderate and high doses of this compound increased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in testes (P <0.05); reduced the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (P <0.05); and activated ERK1/2 (P <0.05).
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18179425 Muller P, Chouaibou M, Pignatelli P, Etang J, Walker ED, Donnelly MJ, Simard F, Ranson H: Pyrethroid tolerance is associated with elevated expression of antioxidants and agricultural practice in Anopheles arabiensis sampled from an area of cotton fields in Northern Cameroon. Mol Ecol. 2008 Feb;17(4):1145-55. Epub 2007 Dec 20.


Several genes with antioxidant roles, including superoxide dismutases, a glutathione S-transferase and a thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase, and a cytochrome P450 showed elevated expression in mosquito families collected during the insecticide-spraying programme.
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19687627 Raina R, Verma PK, Pankaj NK, Prawez S: Induction of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in rats chronically exposed to cypermethrin through dermal application. J Vet Sci. 2009 Sep;10(3):257-9.


However, the superoxide dismutase activity declined significantly after 60 days of exposure.
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16105448 Li HY, Shi N, Chen D, Dai ZH, Lu WH, Wang B, Li YR: [Oxidative stress of deltamethrin on rat nervous system] . Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2005 Apr;23(2):97-101.


The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activity of total-superoxide dismutase (T-SOD, including Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR) in cerebral cortex and hippocampus tissue were determined.
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17055627 Bashir F, Mahmooduzzafar, Siddiqi TO, Iqbal M: The antioxidative response system in Glycine max (L.) Merr. exposed to Deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. Environ Pollut. 2007 May;147(1):94-100. Epub 2006 Oct 19.


Among the enzymatic antioxidants, activity of superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase increased significantly whereas that of catalase declined markedly in relation to increasing concentration of Deltamethrin applied.
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17137748 El-Demerdash FM: Lambda-cyhalothrin-induced changes in oxidative stress biomarkers in rabbit erythrocytes and alleviation effect of some antioxidants. Toxicol In Vitro. 2007 Apr;21(3):392-7. Epub 2006 Oct 1.


However, a significant decrease in the content of sulfhydryl groups (SH-groups), and the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) were observed.
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18937308 Ansari RA, Kaur M, Ahmad F, Rahman S, Rashid H, Islam F, Raisuddin S: Genotoxic and oxidative stress-inducing effects of deltamethrin in the erythrocytes of a freshwater biomarker fish species, Channa punctata Bloch. Environ Toxicol. 2009 Oct;24(5):429-36.


Activity of antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase was significantly decreased but an increase was observed in reduced glutathione level after 72 h of exposure.
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16842967 Sinha C, Seth K, Islam F, Chaturvedi RK, Shukla S, Mathur N, Srivastava N, Agrawal AK: Behavioral and neurochemical effects induced by pyrethroid-based mosquito repellent exposure in rat offsprings during prenatal and early postnatal period. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2006 Jul-Aug;28(4):472-81. Epub 2006 Jul 13.


We observed significant oxidative stress, where an increase in lipid peroxidation and a decrease in antioxidants, glutathione, superoxide dismutase and catalase in various brain areas (cerebellum, corpus striatum, frontal cortex and hippocampus) were evident at all the exposure schedules.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12965126 Nasuti C, Cantalamessa F, Falcioni G, Gabbianelli R: Different effects of Type I and Type II pyrethroids on erythrocyte plasma membrane properties and enzymatic activity in rats. Toxicology. 2003 Sep 30;191(2-3):233-44.


The different modifications induced by pyrethroids on lipid peroxidation, osmotic fragility and the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) were measured.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17261191 Muller P, Donnelly MJ, Ranson H: Transcription profiling of a recently colonised pyrethroid resistant Anopheles gambiae strain from Ghana. BMC Genomics. 2007 Jan 29;8:36.


In both females and males of the resistant strain the cytochrome P450s CYP6Z2 and CYP6M2 are highly over-expressed along with a member of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene family.
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15546634 Li X, Ping X, Xiumei S, Zhenbin W, Liqiang X: Toxicity of cypermethrin on growth, pigments, and superoxide dismutase of Scenedesmus obliquus. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2005 Feb;60(2):188-92.

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15892188 Prasanthi K, Muralidhara, Rajini PS: Morphological and biochemical perturbations in rat erythrocytes following in vitro exposure to Fenvalerate and its metabolite. Toxicol In Vitro. 2005 Jun;19(4):449-56.


At higher concentrations, significant decreases in the activities of vital antioxidant enzymes viz., catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione transferase and glutathione reductase were also discernible clearly suggesting the potency of both, parent compound and its metabolite to induce oxidative stress in erythrocytes.
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15339126 Amer M, Metwalli M, Abu el-Magd Y: Skin diseases and enzymatic antioxidant activity among workers exposed to pesticides. East Mediterr Health J. 2002 Mar-May;8(2-3):363-73.


Activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase was also evaluated.
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18214882 Kanbur M, Liman BC, Eraslan G, Altinordulu S: Effects of cypermethrin, propetamphos, and combination involving cypermethrin and propetamphos on lipid peroxidation in mice. Environ Toxicol. 2008 Aug;23(4):473-9.


Serum nitric oxide (NO) and plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were measured.
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15365239 Manna S, Bhattacharyya D, Mandal TK, Das S: Repeated dose toxicity of alfa-cypermethrin in rats. J Vet Sci. 2004 Sep;5(3):241-5.


It increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level, while decreased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glycogen level in liver significantly.
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16978760 Yousef MI, Awad TI, Mohamed EH: Deltamethrin-induced oxidative damage and biochemical alterations in rat and its attenuation by Vitamin E. Toxicology. 2006 Oct 29;227(3):240-7. Epub 2006 Aug 14.


The activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly decreased due to deltamethrin administration.
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18946182 Eraslan G, Kanbur M, Silici S, Altinordulu S, Karabacak M: Effecs of cypermethrin on some biochemical changes in rats: the protective role of propolis. Exp Anim. 2008 Oct;57(5):453-60.


Serum glucose, triglyceride, uric acid, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities/levels, plasma and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and erythrocyte and tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were determined.
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11931506 Yarsan E, Bilgili A, Kanbur M, Celik S: Effects of deltamethrin on lipid peroxidation in mice. Vet Hum Toxicol. 2002 Apr;44(2):73-5.


Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by determining malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in plasma, and determining glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD) and catalase activities in erythrocytes on days 15, 45, and 60.
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