Protein Information

Name cytochrome P450 monooxygenases
Synonyms CYP M; CYP20A1; CYP20A1 protein; Cytochrome P450 family 20 subfamily A polypeptide 1; Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase; CYP20A1 proteins; Cytochrome P450 family 20 subfamily A polypeptide 1s; Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases

Compound Information

Name pyrethrins
CAS pyrethrins

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
15262281 Yang Y, Wu Y, Chen S, Devine GJ, Denholm I, Jewess P, Moores GD: The involvement of microsomal oxidases in pyrethroid resistance in Helicoverpa armigera from Asia. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Aug;34(8):763-73.


The activities of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases from midguts of final instar larvae to p-nitroanisole (PNOD), ethoxycoumarin (ECOD), methoxyresorufin (MROD) significantly increased in all the resistant strains when compared with the susceptible strain.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
19125173 Pasay C, Arlian L, Morgan M, Gunning R, Rossiter L, Holt D, Walton S, Beckham S, McCarthy J: The effect of insecticide synergists on the response of scabies mites to pyrethroid acaricides. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(1):e354. Epub 2009 Jan 6.


Then, to investigate the relative role of specific metabolic pathways inhibited by these synergists, enzyme assays were developed to measure esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (cytochrome P450) activity in mite extracts.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16937654 Johnson RM, Wen Z, Schuler MA, Berenbaum MR: Mediation of pyrethroid insecticide toxicity to honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. J Econ Entomol. 2006 Aug;99(4):1046-50.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
19449624 Johnson RM, Pollock HS, Berenbaum MR: Synergistic interactions between in-hive miticides in Apis mellifera. J Econ Entomol. 2009 Apr;102(2):474-9.


Although these compounds were chosen as in-hive miticides due to their low toxicity to honey bees, that low toxicity depends, at least in part, on rapid detoxification mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase enzymes (P450s).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17173346 Bielza P, Espinosa PJ, Quinto V, Abellan J, Contreras J: Synergism studies with binary mixtures of pyrethroid, carbamate and organophosphate insecticides on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). Pest Manag Sci. 2007 Jan;63(1):84-9.


The major mechanism of resistance to most insecticides in Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) is metabolic, piperonyl butoxide (PBO) suppressible, mediated by cytochrome-P450 monooxygenases and conferring cross-resistance among insecticide classes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18615616 Boonsuepsakul S, Luepromchai E, Rongnoparut P: Characterization of Anopheles minimus CYP6AA3 expressed in a recombinant baculovirus system. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2008 Sep;69(1):13-21.


Metabolism by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases is a major mechanism implicated in resistance of insects to insecticides, including pyrethroids.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16022326 Chen S, Yang Y, Wu Y: Correlation between fenvalerate resistance and cytochrome P450-mediated O-demethylation activity in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J Econ Entomol. 2005 Jun;98(3):943-6.


Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are a major metabolic mechanism responsible for pyrethroid resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) from Asia.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16859670 Johri A, Yadav S, Singh RL, Dhawan A, Ali M, Parmar D: Long lasting effects of prenatal exposure to deltamethrin on cerebral and hepatic cytochrome P450s and behavioral activity in rat offspring. Eur J Pharmacol. 2006 Aug 21;544(1-3):58-68. Epub 2006 Jun 27.


The increase in the activity of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases was found to be associated with the increase in the mRNA and protein expression of xenobiotic metabolizing CYP1A, 2B and 2E1 isoenzymes in the brain and liver of offspring.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15315820 Sasabe M, Wen Z, Berenbaum MR, Schuler MA: Molecular analysis of CYP321A1, a novel cytochrome P450 involved in metabolism of plant allelochemicals (furanocoumarins) and insecticides (cypermethrin) in Helicoverpa zea. Gene. 2004 Sep 1;338(2):163-75.


Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play a significant role in the detoxification of hostplant allelochemicals and synthetic insecticides in Lepidoptera.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15880646 Sevatdal S, Fallang A, Ingebrigtsen K, Horsberg TE: Monooxygenase mediated pyrethroid detoxification in sea lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). Pest Manag Sci. 2005 Aug;61(8):772-8.


The results indicate that cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are involved in detoxification of pyrethroids in sea lice. 14C-Deltamethrin was absorbed in a lesser amount in a group of sea lice exposed to a mixture of the compound and PBO than in a group exposed to 14C-deltamethrin alone.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14585502 Nikou D, Ranson H, Hemingway J: An adult-specific CYP6 P450 gene is overexpressed in a pyrethroid-resistant strain of the malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. Gene. 2003 Oct 30;318:91-102.


An adult-specific cytochrome P450 monooxygenase 6 (CYP6) P450 gene, CYP6Z1, located within a large cluster of cytochrome P450 genes in chromosome arm 3R of An. gambiae, is expressed approximately 11-fold higher in males and 4.5-fold in females from a pyrethroid-resistant strain than in a susceptible strain from the same geographical area.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11603736 Yang X, Zhu KY, Buschman LL, Margolies DC: Comparative susceptibility and possible detoxification mechanisms for selected miticides in banks grass mite and two-spotted spider mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). Exp Appl Acarol. 2001;25(4):293-9.


The significant synergism with these pyrethroids of all three tested synergists (except for DEM with lambda-cyhalothrin against TSM) suggests that esterases, glutathione S-transferases, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases all play important roles in their detoxification.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14658506 Li X, Zangerl AR, Schuler MA, Berenbaum MR: Cross-resistance to alpha-cypermethrin after xanthotoxin ingestion in Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J Econ Entomol. 2000 Feb;93(1):18-25.


Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450) are membrane-bound hemoproteins that play important roles in conferring protection against both naturally occurring phytochemicals and synthetic organic insecticides.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20069862 Romero A, Potter MF, Haynes KF: Evaluation of piperonyl butoxide as a deltamethrin synergist for pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs. J Econ Entomol. 2009 Dec;102(6):2310-5.

We used the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to assess the role of P450s in deltamethrin resistance in three field-collected bed bug strains, LA-1, CIN-1 and WOR-1.
No significant synergistic effect of formulated deltamethrin was observed with the addition of synergized pyrethrins or formulated piperonyl butoxide in the CIN-1 strain, but synergism occurred in the WOR-1 strain.
1(0,0,0,1) Details