Protein Information

Name Acetylcholinesterase
Synonyms ACHE; ACHE protein; AChE; ARACHE; AcChoEase; Acetylcholine acetylhydrolase; Acetylcholinesterase; Acetylcholinesterase isoform E4 E6 variant…

Compound Information

Name coumaphos
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17474014 Pardio VT, Ibarra Nde J, Waliszewski KN, Lopez KM: Effect of coumaphos on cholinesterase activity, hematology, and biochemical blood parameters of bovines in tropical regions of Mexico. J Environ Sci Health B. 2007 May;42(4):359-66.

To assess the effect of coumaphos [O-(3-chloro-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-7-yl) O,O-diethyl phosphorothioate] exposure on physiological responses during bovine production, acetylcolinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities were measured in whole blood, erythrocytes, and plasma of healthy male steers (Bos Taurus x Bos indicus) sprayed with coumaphos at a non-lethal dose of 1 mg kg (- 1) body weight per day once every 14 (in vivo group) or 21 days (southern and central groups).
166(2,2,2,6) Details
20188890 Del Carlo M, Pepe A, Sergi M, Mascini M, Tarentini A, Compagnone D: Detection of coumaphos in honey using a screening method based on an electrochemical acetylcholinesterase bioassay. Talanta. 2010 Apr 15;81(1-2):76-81. Epub 2010 Jan 22.

A simple procedure for the oxidation of coumaphos via N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and AChE inhibition was optimised.
150(1,3,4,5) Details
18826034 Miller RJ, Li AY, Tijerina M, Davey RB, George JE: Differential response to diazinon and coumaphos in a strain of Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) collected in Mexico. J Med Entomol. 2008 Sep;45(5):905-11.

Additionally, it was determined that this strain had an Acetylycholinesterase (AChe) that was insensitive to the active form of coumaphos, coroxon, taking at least 24 min longer to reach 50% reduction in AChE activity compared with the susceptible strain.
84(1,1,1,4) Details
14680115 Li AY, Davey RB, Miller RJ, George JE: Resistance to coumaphos and diazinon in Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) and evidence for the involvement of an oxidative detoxification mechanism. J Med Entomol. 2003 Jul;40(4):482-90.

Resistance to coumaphos in the Mexican strains of B. microplus was likely to be conferred by both a cytP450-mediated detoxification mechanism described here and the mechanism of insensitive acetylcholinesterases reported elsewhere.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
2708629 Wright FC, Ahrens EH: Effect of selection pressure on the cholinesterase of Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) resistant to coumaphos. J Econ Entomol. 1989 Apr;82(2):524-9.

The effect of an AChE inhibitor, coroxon (the oxygen analog of coumaphos), was also determined.
50(0,1,4,5) Details
46730 Silvestri R, Himes JA, Edds GT: Repeated oral administration of coumaphos in sheep: interactions of coumaphos with bishydroxycoumarin, trichlorfon, and phenobarbital sodium. Am J Vet Res. 1975 Mar;36(3):289-92.

The treatment of ewes with an intravenous (IV) injection of trichlorfon, insufficient to produce significant inhibition of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, appeared to produce additive effects with those produced by subsequent treatment with 4 mg of coumaphos/kg/day.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
12539837 Pruett JH: Comparative inhibition kinetics for acetylcholinesterases extracted from organophosphate resistant and susceptible strains of Boophilus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae). J Econ Entomol. 2002 Dec;95(6):1239-44.

In this study, acetylcholinesterases (AChEs) were extracted from two Mexican Boophilus microplus strains that demonstrated resistance to the organophosphate (OP) acaricide, coumaphos, in bioassay.
11(0,0,1,6) Details
985226 Stone BF, Nolan J, Schuntner CA: Biochemical genetics of resistance to organophosphorus acaricides in three strains of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Aust J Biol Sci. 1976 Jul;29(3):265-79.

The degree of dominance of increased degradative metabolism of coumaphos in strain M was variable; the hydrolytic rate in all M x S hybrids was similar to that of M but the overall detoxication rate in hybrids was lower.
These were: decreased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in adult brains of strains B and M; decreased AChE sensitivity to inhibitors in adult brains and in larvae of strains B, M and R; and increased detoxication in larvae and adult females of strain M.
7(0,0,0,7) Details
1115426 Silvestri R, Himes JA, Edds GT: Repeated oral administration of coumaphos in sheep: effects on erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and other constituents. Am J Vet Res. 1975 Mar;36(3):283-7.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
10998265 Charpentier A, Menozzi P, Marcel V, Villatte F, Fournier D: A method to estimate acetylcholinesterase-active sites and turnover in insects. Anal Biochem. 2000 Oct 1;285(1):76-81.

Among the irreversible inhibitors tested, 7-(methylethoxyphosphinyloxy)-1-methylquinolinium iodide, chlorpyrifos-ethyl-oxon, and coumaphos-oxon were found to be sufficiently potent and specific.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
11743808 Pardio VT, Ibarra N, Rodriguez MA, Waliszewski KN: Use of cholinesterase activity in monitoring organophosphate pesticide exposure of cattle produced in tropical areas. J Agric Food Chem. 2001 Dec;49(12):6057-62.

The mean baseline acetylcholinesterase activities of 9.549 +/- 3.619 IU/mL in whole blood, 9.444 +/- 3.006 IU/mL in erythrocytes, and 0.149 +/- 0.063 IU/mL in plasma were estimated for steers from the control group.
Results of multivariate analysis showed that the general responses between the control and experimental groups (in vivo, monitoring and case studies) treated with Coumaphos and Fenthion were statistically different, and the general responses of these experimental groups were statistically different over time as well.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
11061961 Tecles F, Martinez Subiela S, Bernal LJ, Ceron JJ: Use of whole blood for spectrophotometric determination of cholinesterase activity in dogs. Vet J. 2000 Nov;160(3):242-9.


Acetylcholinesterase was the only form of cholinesterase present on erythrocytes and hydrolysed only acetylthiocholine.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
20134347 Thomas GA, Delaney LJ, Mueller C, Page E: Evaluation of coumaphos exposure among tick eradication workers. J Occup Environ Med. 2010 Feb;52(2):131-6.

RESULTS: Fifteen workers had normal plasma cholinesterase and acetylcholinesterase levels.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15889748 Li AY, Davey LR, George JE: Carbaryl resistance in Mexican strains of the southern cattle tick (Acari: Ixodidae). J Econ Entomol. 2005 Apr;98(2):552-6.

Tick strains from the cattle fever tick quarantine zone in Texas were more susceptible to carbaryl than to coumaphos or diazinon.
Resistance to carbaryl was likely conferred by insensitive acetylcholinesterase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11696925 Singh AK: QSAR for the organophosphate-induced inhibition and 'aging' of the enzyme neuropathy target esterase (NTE). SAR QSAR Environ Res. 2001;12(3):275-95.

Log10I50 for AChE that determined the OP concentration causing 50% inhibition in AChE activity, correlated with EBOND and Charge-1 (Eq. (3)).
Equation (3) accurately predicted AChE inhibition by methamidophos, coumaphos and EPN, but not by acephate.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10509429 Abdelsalam EB: Neurotoxic potential of six organophosphorus compounds in adult hens. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1999 Oct;41(5):290-2.

The neurotoxic potential of trichlorfon, diazinon, phosmet, dichlorvos, phosphamidon and coumaphos was evaluated for their ability to inhibit brain neurotoxic esterase (NTE) activity in adult hens.
All compounds were administered at high single oral doses and the NTE and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities were measured at 24 h and 6 w later.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18597346 Caldwell SR, Raushel FM: Detoxification of organophosphate pesticides using an immobilized phosphotriesterase from Pseudomonas diminuta. Biotechnol Bioeng. 1991 Jan 20;37(2):103-9.

The immobilization of phosphotriesterase onto trityl agarose provides an effective method esterase onto trityl agarose provides an effective method for hydrolyzing and thus detoxifyuing organophosphate pesticides and mammalian acetylcholinesterase inhinbitors.
Several organophosphate pesticides, methyl parathion, ethyl parathion, diazinon, and coumaphos were also hydrolyzed by the immobilized phosphotriesterase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1147241 Schnitzerling HJ, Nolan J: A method for the determination of the concentration of catalytic centres in low activity and unstable preparations of acetylcholinesterase. Anal Biochem. 1975 Jul;67(1):81-90.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
2339420 Silveira CL, Eldefrawi AT, Eldefrawi ME: Putative M2 muscarinic receptors of rat heart have high affinity for organophosphorus anticholinesterases. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 May;103(3):474-81.

Acetylcholinesterases are the primary targets for these OP compounds because of the irreversible nature of their inhibition, which results in building of acetylcholine concentrations that activate muscarinic and nicotinic receptors and desensitize them, thereby inhibiting respiration.
Other OP insecticides had lower potencies, inhibiting less than 50% of 5 nM [3H] CD binding by 1 microM of EPN, coumaphos, dioxathion, dichlorvos, or chlorpyriphos.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9852785 Mulchandani A, Kaneva I, Chen W: Biosensor for direct determination of organophosphate nerve agents using recombinant Escherichia coli with surface-expressed organophosphorus hydrolase. 2. Anal Chem. 1998 Dec 1;70(23):5042-6.


At optimized conditions, the biosensor measured paraoxon, parathion, and coumaphos pesticides with high selectivity against triazine and carbamate pesticides in approximately 10 min.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
12019994 Weick J, Thorn RS: Effects of acute sublethal exposure to coumaphos or diazinon on acquisition and discrimination of odor stimuli in the honey bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae). J Econ Entomol. 2002 Apr;95(2):227-36.

0(0,0,0,0) Details