Protein Information

Name GLYT2
Synonyms GGTA; GlyT2; GGTA 1; GGTA1; a1/3GTP; a1/3GTPs

Compound Information

Name strychnine
CAS strychnidin-10-one

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19085882 Gimenez C, Zafra F, Lopez-Corcuera B, Aragon C: [Molecular bases of hereditary hyperekplexia] . Rev Neurol. 2008 Dec 16-31;47(12):648-52.

Two major proteins involved in hyperekplexia are the strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor (GlyR) and the neuronal glycine transporter GLYT2.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
15081419 Ebihara S, Yamamoto T, Obata K, Yanagawa Y: Gene structure and alternative splicing of the mouse glycine transporter type-2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 May 7;317(3):857-64.

The type-2 glycine transporter GLYT2 is expressed in glycinergic neurons and is involved in the termination of inhibitory neurotransmission at strychnine-sensitive glycinergic synapses.
34(0,1,1,4) Details
18815261 Rousseau F, Aubrey KR, Supplisson S: The glycine transporter GlyT2 controls the dynamics of synaptic vesicle refilling in inhibitory spinal cord neurons. J Neurosci. 2008 Sep 24;28(39):9755-68.

7(0,0,0,7) Details
17640406 Jiang Z, Li B, Jursky F, Shen W: Differential distribution of glycine transporters in Muller cells and neurons in amphibian retinas. Vis Neurosci. 2007 Mar-Apr;24(2):157-68.


Our results indicated that GlyT1- and GlyT2-like transporters were present in Muller cells and neurons, respectively.
7(0,0,0,7) Details
15588724 Raiteri L, Stigliani S, Siri A, Passalacqua M, Melloni E, Raiteri M, Bonanno G: Glycine taken up through GLYT1 and GLYT2 heterotransporters into glutamatergic axon terminals of mouse spinal cord elicits release of glutamate by homotransporter reversal and through anion channels. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Jan 1;69(1):159-68.

Glycine effect was insensitive to strychnine or 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid, but was prevented by the glycine transporter blocker glycyldodecylamide.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
7861131 Jursky F, Nelson N: Localization of glycine neurotransmitter transporter (GLYT2) reveals correlation with the distribution of glycine receptor. J Neurochem. 1995 Mar;64(3):1026-33.

A correlation was observed between the pattern we obtained and previously reported strychnine binding studies.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
7823028 Jursky F, Tamura S, Tamura A, Mandiyan S, Nelson H, Nelson N: Structure, function and brain localization of neurotransmitter transporters. J Exp Biol. 1994 Nov;196:283-95.

A correlation as observed between the pattern we obtained and that observed previously from strychnine binding studies.
The third glycine transporter (GLYT2) is encoded by a separate gene.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
11259500 Raiteri L, Raiteri M, Bonanno G: Glycine is taken up through GLYT1 and GLYT2 transporters into mouse spinal cord axon terminals and causes vesicular and carrier-mediated release of its proposed co-transmitter GABA. J Neurochem. 2001 Mar;76(6):1823-32.

Glycine concentration dependently elicited [(3) H] GABA release which was insensitive to strychnine or 5,7-dichlorokynurenic acid, but was Na (+) dependent and sensitive to the glycine uptake blocker glycyldodecylamide.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
20081141 Haranishi Y, Hara K, Terada T, Nakamura S, Sata T: The antinociceptive effect of intrathecal administration of glycine transporter-2 inhibitor ALX1393 in a rat acute pain model. Anesth Analg. 2010 Feb;110(2):615-21.

These antinociceptive effects were reversed completely by strychnine injected immediately after the administration of ALX1393.
Neuronal isoform glycine transporter-2 (GlyT2) reuptakes presynaptically released glycine and regulates the glycinergic neurotransmission.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
20173309 Nishikawa Y, Sasaki A, Kuraishi Y: Blockade of glycine transporter (GlyT) 2, but not GlyT1, ameliorates dynamic and static mechanical allodynia in mice with herpetic or postherpetic pain. J Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Mar 19;112(3):352-60. Epub 2010 Feb 20.

Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal dorsal horn and its extracellular concentration is regulated by glial glycine transporter (GlyT) 1 and neuronal GlyT2.
Intrathecal ALX1393 suppressed dynamic allodynia induced by intrathecal strychnine and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA).
3(0,0,0,3) Details
17383967 Vandenberg RJ, Shaddick K, Ju P: Molecular basis for substrate discrimination by glycine transporters. J Biol Chem. 2007 May 11;282(19):14447-53. Epub 2007 Mar 23.

Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the spinal cord and brain stem, where it acts on strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors, and is also an excitatory neurotransmitter throughout the brain and spinal cord, where it acts on the N-methyl-d-aspartate family of receptors.
There are two Na (+)/Cl (-)-dependent glycine transporters, GLYT1 and GLYT2, which control extracellular glycine concentrations and these transporters show differences in substrate selectivity and blocker sensitivity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15555918 Danglot L, Rostaing P, Triller A, Bessis A: Morphologically identified glycinergic synapses in the hippocampus. . Mol Cell Neurosci. 2004 Dec;27(4):394-403.

Inhibitory transmission in the hippocampus is predominantly GABAergic, but electrophysiological data evidenced strychnine-sensitive glycine-induced currents.
Synaptic GlyRs were apposed to glycinergic boutons characterized by the expression of the vesicular and the plasma membrane transporters of glycine (VIAAT and GlyT2, respectively).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
12401451 Meier J, Juttner R, Kirischuk S, Grantyn R: Synaptic anchoring of glycine receptors in developing collicular neurons under control of metabotropic glutamate receptor activity. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2002 Oct;21(2):324-40.

Two distinct stages of inhibitory synaptogenesis in cultured collicular neurons were defined on the basis of strychnine sensitivity of IPSCs, presence of EPSCs, KCC2 expression, and transmitter-induced Ca (2+) responses.
In the absence of KCC2 and glutamatergic transmission, newborn VIAAT-labeled boutons contained GlyT2, released glycine, and accumulated postsynaptic gephyrin and GlyRs.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11396606 Lopez-Corcuera B, Geerlings A, Aragon C: Glycine neurotransmitter transporters: an update. Mol Membr Biol. 2001 Jan-Mar;18(1):13-20.

This action of glycine is mediated by the strychnine-sensitive glycine receptor, whose activation produces inhibitory post-synaptic potentials.
It is believed that the termination of the different synaptic actions of glycine is produced by rapid re-uptake through two sodium-and-chloride-coupled transporters, GLYT1 and GLYT2, located in the plasma membrane of glial cells or pre-synaptic terminals, respectively.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10886333 Belachew S, Malgrange B, Rigo JM, Rogister B, Leprince P, Hans G, Nguyen L, Moonen G: Glycine triggers an intracellular calcium influx in oligodendrocyte progenitor cells which is mediated by the activation of both the ionotropic glycine receptor and Na+-dependent transporters. Eur J Neurosci. 2000 Jun;12(6):1924-30.


Glycine-triggered Ca2+ influx in OP cells actually results from an initial depolarization that is the consequence of the activation of both the ionotropic glycine receptor (GlyR) and Na+-dependent transporters, most probably the glycine transporters 1 (GLYT1) and/or 2 (GLYT2) which are colocalized in these cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15031290 Ju P, Aubrey KR, Vandenberg RJ: Zn2+ inhibits glycine transport by glycine transporter subtype 1b. J Biol Chem. 2004 May 28;279(22):22983-91. Epub 2004 Mar 18.

In the central nervous system, glycine is a co-agonist with glutamate at the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of glutamate receptors and also an agonist at inhibitory, strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors.
The GLYT1 subtypes of glycine transporters (GLYTs) are responsible for regulation of glycine at excitatory synapses, whereas a combination of GLYT1 and GLYT2 subtypes of glycine transporters are used at inhibitory glycinergic synapses.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16381810 Song W, Chattipakorn SC, McMahon LL: Glycine-gated chloride channels depress synaptic transmission in rat hippocampus. J Neurophysiol. 2006 Apr;95(4):2366-79. Epub 2005 Dec 28.

An inhibitory role for strychnine-sensitive glycine-gated chloride channels (GlyRs) in mature hippocampus is beginning to be appreciated.
Finally, using immunohistochemical methods, we show that glycine and the glycine transporter GlyT2 are co-localized selectively in GABAergic interneurons, indicating that interneurons contain both inhibitory neurotransmitters.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15235081 Bradaia A, Schlichter R, Trouslard J: Role of glial and neuronal glycine transporters in the control of glycinergic and glutamatergic synaptic transmission in lamina X of the rat spinal cord. J Physiol. 2004 Aug 15;559(Pt 1):169-86. Epub 2004 Jul 2.

We used ORG 24598 and ORG 25543, selective antagonists of the glial GlyT (GlyT1) and neuronal GlyT (GlyT2), respectively.
By contrast, the decay time constant, amplitude and frequency of miniature GABAergic IPSCs recorded in the presence of strychnine were not affected by ORG 24598 and ORG 25543.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18553216 Shen W, Jiang Z, Li B: Glycine input induces the synaptic facilitation in salamander rod photoreceptors. J Biomed Sci. 2008 Nov;15(6):743-54. Epub 2008 Jun 16.


Using specific antibodies against a glycine transporter (GlyT2) and glycine receptor beta subunit, we identified the morphology of glycinergic input in photoreceptor terminals.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17522628 Zhang LH, Gong N, Fei D, Xu L, Xu TL: Glycine uptake regulates hippocampal network activity via glycine receptor-mediated tonic inhibition. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008 Feb;33(3):701-11. Epub 2007 May 23.


Antagonists of GlyT type 1 (GlyT1) but not that of GlyT type 2 (GlyT2) induced excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP)-spike depression, which was reversed by the specific GlyR antagonist strychnine.
0(0,0,0,0) Details