Protein Information

Name glutathione reductase
Synonyms GLUR; GR; GRD 1; GRD1; GRase; GSR; Glutathione reductase; GRases…

Compound Information

Name hexachlorobenzene
CAS 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorobenzene

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12038708 Iscan M, Coban T, Cok I, Bulbul D, Eke BC, Burgaz S: The organochlorine pesticide residues and antioxidant enzyme activities in human breast tumors: is there any association?. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Mar;72(2):173-82.

The levels of some organochlorine pesticides (OCP) s (hexachlorobenzene, HCB, alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, gamma-HCH, heptachlorepoxide, HE, bis (4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethene, p.p'DDE, bis (4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane, p.p' DDT and total DDT (E-DDT) and antioxidant enzyme activities namely Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px), total glutathione peroxidase (T-GSH-Px), selenium independent glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px II), glutathione reductase (GRd), level of reduced glutathione (GSH) and lipid peroxidation (LP), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity toward several substrates including 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB), ethacrynic acid (EAA), 1,2-epoxy-3-(p-nitrophenoxy)-propane (ENPP) were measured in tumor and surrounding tumor free tissues of 24 female breast cancer patients and was evaluated whether there exist any association between the levels of OCPs and antioxidants.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
17618397 Elia AC, Dorr AJ, Galarini R: Comparison of organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, and heavy metal contamination and of detoxifying response in tissues of Ameiurus melas from Corbara, Alviano, and Trasimeno Lakes, Italy. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2007 Jun;78(6):463-8. Epub 2007 Jul 7.

Accumulation of cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), hexachlorobenzene, gamma-HCH, DDTs, and PCBs has been investigated in the muscle of Ameiurus melas sampled during the same period from Lake Corbara, Alviano, and Trasimeno.
Glutathione content and the enzymatic activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and glyoxalase I were examined in gills, liver, and kidneys of each specimen.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19954812 Faria M, Huertas D, Soto DX, Grimalt JO, Catalan J, Riva MC, Barata C: Contaminant accumulation and multi-biomarker responses in field collected zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), to evaluate toxicological effects of industrial hazardous dumps in the Ebro river (NE Spain). Chemosphere. 2010 Jan;78(3):232-40. Epub 2009 Dec 1.

Biological responses included levels of metallothioneins, activities of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, oxidative stress biomarkers (glutathione content, enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione s-transferase, glutathione peroxidise and glutathione reductase), levels of lipid peroxidation and of DNA strand breaks.
The aforementioned stress levels could be related with concentrations of mercury, cadmium, hexachlorobenzene, polychlorobiphenyls and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes from 4- to 195-fold greater than local background levels.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9806169 Thomas RS, Gustafson DL, Pott WA, Long ME, Benjamin SA, Yang RS: Evidence for hepatocarcinogenic activity of pentachlorobenzene with intralobular variation in foci incidence. Carcinogenesis. 1998 Oct;19(10):1855-62.

Pentachlorobenzene (PeCB) is an important environmental contaminant derived primarily from the by-product contamination of the popular fungicides hexachlorobenzene and pentachloronitrobenzene.
Glutathione reductase (GR) and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS) were both significantly induced in the centrilobular region.
1(0,0,0,1) Details