Protein Information

Name 5 hydroxytryptamine receptor (protein family or complex)
Synonyms 5 Hydroxytryptamine receptor; 5 Hydroxytryptamine receptors; 5 hydroxytryptamine 3 receptor; 5 hydroxytryptamine 3 receptors; serotonin receptor; serotonin receptors

Compound Information

Name piperazine
CAS piperazine

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
11101359 Ravina E, Casariego I, Masaguer CF, Fontenla JA, Montenegro GY, Rivas ME, Loza MI, Enguix MJ, Villazon M, Cadavid MI, Demontis GC: Conformationally constrained butyrophenones with affinity for dopamine (D (1), D (2), D (4)) and serotonin (5-HT (2A), 5-HT (2B), 5-HT (2C)) receptors: synthesis of aminomethylbenzo [b] furanones and their evaluation as antipsychotics. J Med Chem. 2000 Nov 30;43(24):4678-93.

A series of novel conformationally restricted butyrophenones (6-aminomethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo [b] furan-4-ones bearing 4-(6-fluorobenzisoxazolyl) piperidine, 4-(p-fluorobenzoyl) piperidine, 4-(o-methoxyphenyl) piperazine, 4-(2-pyridyl) piperazine, 4-(2-pyrimidinyl) piperazine, or linear butyro (or valero) phenone fragments) were prepared and evaluated as antipsychotic agents by in vitro assays for affinity for dopamine receptors (D (1), D (2), D (4)) and serotonin receptors (5-HT (2A), 5-HT (2B), 5-HT (2C)), by neurochemical studies, and by in vivo assays for antipsychotic potential and the risk of inducing extrapyramidal side effects.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
19827295 Fiorino F, Severino B, De Angelis F, Perissutti E, Magli E, Frecentese F, Esposito A, Massarelli P, Nencini C, Viti B, Santagada V, Caliendo G: Synthesis and in vitro pharmacological evaluation of a new series of 5-HT1A 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor ligands containing a norbornene nucleus. Pharmazie. 2009 Sep;64(9):555-64.

The combination of structural elements (heterocyclic nucleus, oxyalkyl chain and 4-substituted piperazine) known to be critical in order to have affinity on serotonin receptors and the proper selection of substituents led to compounds with higher receptor specificity and affinity.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
11516887 de Boer D, Bosman IJ, Hidvegi E, Manzoni C, Benko AA, dos Reys LJ, Maes RA: Piperazine-like compounds: a new group of designer drugs-of-abuse on the European market. Forensic Sci Int. 2001 Sep 15;121(1-2):47-56.

1-Aryl-piperazine compounds are, depending on their substituents, selective for certain serotonin receptors and together with their easy availability and their so-called legal status, this group of psychoactive compounds are potential designer drugs-of-abuse.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
11989622 Bronowska A, Chilmonczyk Z, Les A, Edvardsen O, Ostensen R, Sylte I: Molecular dynamics of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A serotonin receptors with methylated buspirone analogues. J Comput Aided Mol Des. 2001 Nov;15(11):1005-23.

It was found that due to the presence of the methyl group in the piperazine ring the ligand position alters and the structure of the ligand-receptor complex is modified.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
11100975 Harikumar KG, John PT, Chattopadhyay A: Role of disulfides and sulfhydryl groups in agonist and antagonist binding in serotonin1A receptors from bovine hippocampus. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2000 Dec;20(6):665-81.


Mutagenesis and modeling studies point out that the ligand-binding sites in serotonin receptors are located in the transmembrane domain.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15296084 Silanes SP, Orus L, Oficialdegui AM, Martinez Esparza J, Lasheras B, Del Rio J, Monge A: New 3-[4-(2,3-dihydro-14-benzodioxin-5-yl) piperazin-1-yl]-1-(5-substituted benzo [b] thiophen-3-yl) propanol derivatives with dual action at 5-HT (1A) serotonin receptors and serotonin transporter as a new class of antidepressants. Pharmazie. 2004 Jul;59(7):499-501.

Compounds derived from 2,3-dihydro-(1,4-benzodioxin-5-yl) piperazine and benzo [b] thiophene with different substituents in 5 position (H, F, NO2, NH2, CH3 and OH) have been synthesized in order to obtain new dual antidepressant drugs.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12850497 Gatch MB: Discriminative stimulus effects of m-chlorophenylpiperazine as a model of the role of serotonin receptors in anxiety. Life Sci. 2003 Aug 1;73(11):1347-67.

The roles of serotonin reuptake and 5-HT1A receptors have been well characterized, but the contribution of other serotonin receptor subtypes is not as clear. 1-(3-Chlorophenyl)-piperazine (mCPP), which binds non-selectively to a wide range of serotonin receptors, has often been used to produce anxiety in humans and in animal models.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11754579 Brea J, Rodrigo J, Carrieri A, Sanz F, Cadavid MI, Enguix MJ, Villazon M, Mengod G, Caro Y, Masaguer CF, Ravina E, Centeno NB, Carotti A, Loza MI: New serotonin 5-HT (2A), 5-HT (2B), and 5-HT (2C) receptor antagonists: synthesis, pharmacology, 3D-QSAR, and molecular modeling of (aminoalkyl) benzo and heterocycloalkanones. J Med Chem. 2002 Jan 3;45(1):54-71.

A series of 52 conformationally constrained butyrophenones have been synthesized and pharmacologically tested as antagonists at 5-HT (2A), 5-HT (2B), and 5-HT (2C) serotonin receptors, useful for dissecting the role of each 5-HT (2) subtype in pathophysiology.
Significant selectivity at the 5-HT (2B) receptor vs 5-HT (2C) was observed with 1-1 [(1-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3-naphthyl) methyl]-4-[3-(p-fluorobenzoyl) pro pyl] piperazine (more than 100-fold higher).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18644367 Moran A, Ortiz de Urbina AV, Martin ML, Garcia M, Rodriguez-Barbero A, Dorado F, San Roman L: Characterization of contractile 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtypes in the in situ autoperfused kidney in the anaesthetized rat. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 11;592(1-3):133-7. Epub 2008 Jul 4.

The selective 5-HT2 receptor agonist alpha-methyl-5-HT (alpha-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine) and the non-selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist (1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine), m-CPP, caused a local vasoconstrictor effect in the autoperfused rat kidney, whereas BW723C86, a selective 5-HT2B receptor agonist, the 5-HT1 receptor agonist 5-carboxamidotryptamine, 5-CT, and the selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist m-CPBG (1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide) did not modify the renal perfusion pressure.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16005846 Pucadyil TJ, Chattopadhyay A: Cholesterol modulates the antagonist-binding function of hippocampal serotonin1A receptors. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Aug 1;1714(1):35-42.


The serotonin1A receptor is the most extensively studied member of the family of seven transmembrane domain G-protein coupled serotonin receptors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17523441 Barabanova SV, Fedotova IuO, Sapronov NS: [Effects of antagonists of 1A and 2A/2C subtypes of serotonin receptors on the depressive behavior and expression of c-Fos protein in hypothalamus of ovariectomized rats]. Eksp Klin Farmakol. 2007 Mar-Apr;70(2):3-7.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
15849995 Maksay G, Simonyi M, Bikadi Z: Subunit rotation models activation of serotonin 5-HT3AB receptors by agonists. J Comput Aided Mol Des. 2004 Oct;18(10):651-64.

The N-terminal extracellular regions of heterooligomeric 3AB-type human 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors (5-HT3ABR) were modelled based on the crystal structure of snail acetylcholine binding protein AChBP.
AB subunit dimers with different rotations were applied for docking of ligands with different efficacies: 5-HT, m-chlorophenylbiguanide, SR 57227, quinolinyl piperazine and lerisetron derivatives.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19699736 Moran A, de Urbina AV, Martin ML, Rodriguez-Barbero A, Roman LS: Characterization of the contractile 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor in the autoperfused kidney of L-NAME hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 2009 Oct 12;620(1-3):90-6. Epub 2009 Aug 21.

The selective 5-HT (2B) receptor agonist BW723C86, the non-selective 5-HT (2C) receptor agonist (1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine), m-CPP, the 5-HT (1) receptor agonist 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT) and the selective 5-HT (3) receptor agonist (1-(m-chlorophenyl)-biguanide), m-CPBG, did not modify renal perfusion pressure.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12202639 Mori A, Kogo M, Ishihama K, Tanaka S, Enomoto A, Koizumi H, Matsuya T: Effect of serotonin (5-HT) on trigeminal rhythmic activities generated in in vitro brainstem block preparations. J Dent Res. 2002 Sep;81(9):598-602.

We used rat isolated brainstem block preparations to analyze the functional roles of serotonin receptors in the generation of trigeminal rhythmic activities.
In the present study, both the 5-HT (1A) phthalimido-butyl-piperazine, and the 5-HT (2C) agonist, 1-2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl-2-aminopropane, combined with N-methyl-D,L-aspartate and bicuculline, elicited trigeminal rhythmic activities in a whole brainstem block preparation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12770569 Gannon RL: Serotonergic serotonin (1A) mixed agonists/antagonists elicit large-magnitude phase shifts in hamster circadian wheel-running rhythms. Neuroscience. 2003;119(2):567-76.


The serotonergic ligands 8-(2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethyl)-8-azaspiro (4.5) decane-7,9-d ione dihydrochloride (BMY 7378), S 15535, and 8-[2-(1,4-benzodioxan-2-ylmethylamino) ethyl]-8-azaspiro [4.5] decane-7,9-dio ne hydrochloride (MDL 73005 EF) can all be classified as mixed agonists/antagonists at type 1A serotonin receptors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17657585 Yi PL, Lin CP, Tsai CH, Lin JG, Chang FC: The involvement of serotonin receptors in suanzaorentang-induced sleep alteration. J Biomed Sci. 2007 Nov;14(6):829-40. Epub 2007 Jul 27.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
11350497 Fernandez MM, Calama E, Moran A, Martin ML, San Roman L: Characterization of mechanisms involved in presynaptic inhibition of sympathetic pressor effects induced by some 5-HT1 receptor antagonists. J Auton Pharmacol. 2000 Oct-Dec;20(5-6):313-23.


In a previous study, we showed that the presynaptic inhibitory action of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor agonists on sympathetic pressor effects obtained in the pithed rats were mainly mediated by activation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT1D receptor subtypes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15595840 Pucadyil TJ, Kalipatnapu S, Harikumar KG, Rangaraj N, Karnik SS, Chattopadhyay A: G-protein-dependent cell surface dynamics of the human serotonin1A receptor tagged to yellow fluorescent protein. Biochemistry. 2004 Dec 21;43(50):15852-62.


The serotonin (1A) receptor is an important member of the superfamily of seven transmembrane domain G-protein-coupled receptors and is the most extensively studied among the serotonin receptors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12466248 Wang SJ, Coutinho V, Sihra TS: Presynaptic cross-talk of beta-adrenoreceptor and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor signalling in the modulation of glutamate release from cerebrocortical nerve terminals. Br J Pharmacol. 2002 Dec;137(8):1371-9.

The inhibitory effect of 5-HT could be mimicked by the selective 5-HT (1A) receptor agonist, 8-hydroxy-dipropylaminotetralin (8-OH-DPAT) and antagonized by 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(4-phthalimidobutyl) piperazine (NAN-190). 5.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19875674 Rasbach KA, Funk JA, Jayavelu T, Green PT, Schnellmann RG: 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2010 Feb;332(2):632-9. Epub 2009 Oct 29.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
11167653 Testa R, Guarneri L, Angelico P, Velasco C, Poggesi E, Cilia A, Leonardi A: Effect of different 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype antagonists on the micturition reflex in rats. BJU Int. 2001 Feb;87(3):256-64.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
16256082 Gatch MB: Ethanol substitutes for the discriminative stimulus effects of m-chlorophenylpiperazine. Brain Res. 2005 Nov 16;1062(1-2):161-5. Epub 2005 Oct 26.


These findings suggest an important role of serotonin receptors in mediating the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14730096 Boksa J, Charakchieva-Minol S, Duszynska B, Bugno R, Klodzinska A, Tatarczynska E, Chojnacka-Wojcik E, Bojarski AJ: Synthesis, in vitro and in vivo 5-HT1A/5-HT2A serotonin receptor activity of new hybrid 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-gamma-carbolines with 1-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine moiety. Pol J Pharmacol. 2003 Nov-Dec;55(6):1013-9.

A series of 15 new 2-H- and 2-substituted 5-[omega-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-piperazinyl]-alkyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-gamma -carboline derivatives were prepared, and their affinity for 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A serotonin receptors was determined.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19190523 Foong JP, Bornstein JC: 5-HT antagonists NAN-190 and SB 269970 block alpha2-adrenoceptors in the guinea pig. Neuroreport. 2009 Feb 18;20(3):325-30.


These results raise significant concerns about studies using NAN-190 and SB 269970 as specific antagonists of serotonin receptors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15733547 Kommalage M, Hoglund AU: Involvement of spinal serotonin receptors in the regulation of intraspinal acetylcholine release. Eur J Pharmacol. 2005 Feb 21;509(2-3):127-34.

The 5-HT1A receptor selective antagonist (S)-N-tert-butyl-3-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine-1-yl)-2-phenylpropanamid e hydrochloride and the 5-HT2A receptor selective antagonist ketanserin tartrate inhibited the 8-OH-DPAT and the m5-HT induced acetylcholine release.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11919705 Wright TJ, Huddart H: The nature of the acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors in buccal smooth muscle of the pest slug Deroceras reticulatum. J Comp Physiol B. 2002 Apr;172(3):237-49. Epub 2002 Jan 24.

Serotonergic agonist and antagonist experiments using 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine, 1-(m-chlorophenyl) biguanide, methiothepin, methysergide and metoclopramide strongly suggested that the 5-HT receptor showed closest pharmacological affinity with the 5-HT (1) receptor class of mammals but with some 5-HT (2) activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11856898 Gleason SD, Lucaites VL, Shannon HE, Nelson DL, Leander JD: m-CPP hypolocomotion is selectively antagonized by compounds with high affinity for 5-HT (2C) receptors but not 5-HT (2A) or 5-HT (2B) receptors. Behav Pharmacol. 2001 Dec;12(8):613-20.

The ability of m-CPP [1-(m-chlorophenyl) piperazine] to produce hypolocomotion is well documented.
It is only recently that the tools necessary to clearly delineate which serotonin receptors are involved in the mediation of m-CPP hypolocomotion have become available.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11167306 Dwyer D, Browning J: Endurance training in Wistar rats decreases receptor sensitivity to a serotonin agonist. Acta Physiol Scand. 2000 Nov;170(3):211-6.


Improved resistance to the fatiguing effects of the serotonin agonist suggests desensitization of central serotonin receptors, probably the 5-HT1A receptors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details