Protein Information

Name Ca II
Synonyms CA IX; CA1; Carbonic anhydrase I; CA2; CAII; Carbonic anhydrase II; Carbonic dehydratase; Carbonic anhydrase III…

Compound Information

Name piperazine
CAS piperazine

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19684252 Costa BM, Feng B, Tsintsadze TS, Morley RM, Irvine MW, Tsintsadze V, Lozovaya NA, Jane DE, Monaghan DT: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor NR2 subunit selectivity of a series of novel piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylate derivatives: preferential blockade of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in the rat hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapse. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009 Nov;331(2):618-26. Epub 2009 Aug 14.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
18627905 Vullo D, Nishimori I, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase activators: Activation of the human cytosolic isozyme III and membrane-associated isoform IV with amino acids and amines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Aug 1;18(15):4303-7. Epub 2008 Jun 28.

An activation study of the human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) isoforms hCA III (cytosolic) and IV (membrane-associated) with a series of natural and non-natural amino acids and aromatic/heterocyclic amines is reported. hCA III was efficiently activated by d-His, serotonin, pyridyl-alkylamines, and aminoethyl-piperazine/morpholine (K (A) s of 91nM-1.12microM), whereas the best hCA IV activators were 4-amino-phenylalanine, serotonin, and 4-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine (K (A) s of 79nM-3.14microM).
32(0,1,1,2) Details
19635671 Abdulkadir Coban T, Beydemir S, Gucin I, Ekinci D, Innocenti A, Vullo D, Supuran CT: Sildenafil is a strong activator of mammalian carbonic anhydrase isoforms I-XIV. Bioorg Med Chem. 2009 Aug 15;17(16):5791-5. Epub 2009 Jul 17.

Sildenafil citrate, a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor widely used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction was investigated for its interaction with the zinc-enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), as it has in its molecule a piperazine moiety also found in some CA activators (CAAs).
32(0,1,1,2) Details
19231177 Isik S, Kockar F, Aydin M, Arslan O, Guler OO, Innocenti A, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase activators: activation of the beta-carbonic anhydrase Nce103 from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae with amines and amino acids. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Mar 15;19(6):1662-5. Epub 2009 Feb 5.

The protein encoded by the Nce103 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a beta-carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) designated as scCA, was investigated for its activation with amines and amino acids. scCA was poorly activated by amino acids such as l-/d-His, Phe, DOPA, Trp (K (A) s of 82-90 microM) and more effectively activated by amines such as histamine, dopamine, serotonin, pyridyl-alkylamines, aminoethyl-piperazine/morpholine (K (A) s of 10.2-21.3 microM).
32(0,1,1,2) Details
11585258 Desforges PR, Gilmour KM, Perry SF: The effects of exogenous extracellular carbonic anhydrase on CO2 excretion in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): role of plasma buffering capacity. J Comp Physiol B. 2001 Aug;171(6):465-73.

An extracorporeal blood shunt was employed to continuously monitor blood gases in vivo in fish exhibiting normal plasma beta (-3.9+/-0.3 mmol 1 (-1) pH unit (-1)), and in fish with experimentally (using N-[2-hydroxyethyl] piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid]) elevated plasma beta (-12.1+/-1.1 mmol 1 (-1) pH unit (-1)).
7(0,0,0,7) Details
15603956 Turkmen H, Durgun M, Yilmaztekin S, Emul M, Innocenti A, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Jan 17;15(2):367-72.

Tails incorporating heterocyclic amines belonging to the morpholine, piperidine and piperazine ring systems have been attached to these sulfonamides, by means of an alkanoyl-carboxamido linker containing from two to five carbon atoms.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
12522075 Mlinar B, Falsini C, Corradetti R: Pharmacological characterization of 5-HT (1B) receptor-mediated inhibition of local excitatory synaptic transmission in the CA1 region of rat hippocampus. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;138(1):71-80.

The aim of the present work was the pharmacological characterization of the 5-HT receptor involved in this 5-HT action. 2 Poly-epscs, evoked by electrical stimulation of the stratum radiatum and recorded in whole-cell voltage-clamp from CA1 pyramidal neurones, were studied in mini-slices of the CA1 region under pharmacological block of GABA (A), GABA (B), and 5-HT (1A) receptors. 3 The 5-HT (1B) receptor selective agonist 1,4-dihydro-3-(1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-pyridinyl)-5H-pyrrolo [3,2-b] pyridin-5- one dihydrochloride (CP 93129) inhibited poly-epscs (EC (50)=55 nM), an effect mimicked by the 5-HT (1B) ligands 5-carboxamidotryptamine (5-CT; EC (50)=14 nM) and methylergometrine (EC (50)=78 nM), but not by 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine dihydrochloride (mCPP; 10 micro M) or 7-trifluoromethyl-4 (4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-pyrrolo [1,2-a] quinoxaline dimaleate (CGS 12066B; 10 micro M). 4 The effects of CP 93129 and 5-CT were blocked by the selective 5-HT (1B) receptor antagonist 3-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl]-4-hydroxy-N-[4-(4-pyridinyl) phenyl] benzamide dihydrochloride (GR 55562; K (B) approximately 100 nM) and by cyanopindolol (K (B)=6 nM); methiothepin (10 micro M) and dihydroergotamine (1 micro M).
3(0,0,0,3) Details
15098719 Tada K, Kasamo K, Suzuki T, Matsuzaki Y, Kojima T: Endogenous 5-HT inhibits firing activity of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons during conditioned fear stress-induced freezing behavior through stimulating 5-HT1A receptors. Hippocampus. 2004;14(2):143-7.

The selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) 1A antagonists, N-[2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl] ethyl]-N-(2-pyridinyl) cyclohexanec arboxamide (WAY-100635), and N-tert-butyl-3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine-1-yl]-2-phenylpropamide (WAY-100135) and 5-HT depletion with parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) completely abolished the decrease in firing frequency during CFS-induced freezing behavior.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16039853 Mincione F, Starnotti M, Masini E, Bacciottini L, Scrivanti C, Casini A, Vullo D, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: design of thioureido sulfonamides with potent isozyme II and XII inhibitory properties and intraocular pressure lowering activity in a rabbit model of glaucoma. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2005 Sep 1;15(17):3821-7.

A new series of thioureido-substituted sulfonamides were prepared by reacting 4-isothiocyanato- or 4-isothiocyanatoethyl-benzenesulfonamide with amines, hydrazines, or amino acids bearing moieties that can lead to an enhanced hydrosolubility, such as 2-dimethylamino-ethylamine, fluorine-containing aromatic amines/hydrazines, an aminodiol, heterocyclic polyamines (derivatives of morpholine and piperazine), 4-aminobenzoic acid, or natural amino acids (Gly, Cys, Asn, Arg, and Phe).
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16730978 Parkkila S, Vullo D, Puccetti L, Parkkila AK, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase activators: activation of isozyme XIII with amino acids and amines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2006 Aug 1;16(15):3955-9. Epub 2006 May 30.

Excellent CA XIII activating properties were shown by D-amino acids (His, Phe, DOPA, and Trp), serotonin, and 4-(2-aminoethyl)-morpholine, whereas the corresponding L-amino acids, dopamine, histamine, and 1-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine, were weaker activators.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
20129782 Innocenti A, Leewattanapasuk W, Manole G, Scozzafava A, Muhlschlegel FA, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase activators: Activation of the beta-carbonic anhydrase from the pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata with amines and amino acids. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2010 Mar 1;20(5):1701-4. Epub 2010 Jan 20.

CgCA was weakly activated by amino acids such as l-/d-His, l-Phe, l-DOPA, and l-Trp and by histamine or dopamine (K (A) s of 21.2-37microM) but more effectively activated by d-Phe, d-DOPA, d-Trp as well as serotonin, pyridyl-alkylamines, aminoethyl-piperazine/morpholine (K (A) s of 10.1-16.7microM).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18930395 Innocenti A, Zimmerman SA, Scozzafava A, Ferry JG, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase activators: activation of the archaeal beta-class (Cab) and gamma-class (Cam) carbonic anhydrases with amino acids and amines. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2008 Dec 1;18(23):6194-8. Epub 2008 Oct 5.

Most of these compounds showed medium efficacy as archaeal CA activators, except for D-Phe and L-Tyr which were effective Cab activators (K (A) s of 10.3-10.5 microM), 2-pyridylmethylamine and 1-(2-aminoethyl)-piperazine which effectively activated Zn-Cam (K (A) s of 10.1-11.4 microM) and serotonin, L-adrenaline and 2-pyridylmethylamine which were the best Co-Cam activators (K (A) s of 0.97-8.9 microM).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
12480170 Kojima T, Matsumoto M, Togashi H, Tachibana K, Kemmotsu O, Yoshioka M: Fluvoxamine suppresses the long-term potentiation in the hippocampal CA1 field of anesthetized rats: an effect mediated via 5-HT1A receptors. Brain Res. 2003 Jan 3;959(1):165-8.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
15134665 Gilmour KM, Desforges PR, Perry SF: Buffering limits plasma HCO3- dehydration when red blood cell anion exchange is inhibited. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2004 May 20;140(2):173-87.

Theory suggests that HCO3- dehydration in the plasma of rainbow trout is limited by both the absence of carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity and the low non-bicarbonate buffer capacity of the plasma (betaplasma).
This effect was increased significantly in rainbow trout in which betaplasma was elevated experimentally by intravascular injection of N-[2-hydroxyethyl] piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid] (HEPES), supporting the hypothesis that CA-catalysed HCO3- dehydration in the plasma of rainbow trout is limited by proton availability.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19421610 Das MC, Ghosh SK, Sanudo EC, Bharadwaj PK: Coordination polymers with pyridine-2,4,6-tricarboxylic acid and alkaline-earth/lanthanide/transition metals: synthesis and X-ray structures. Dalton Trans. 2009 Mar 7;(9):1644-58. Epub 2009 Jan 26.

Pyridine-2,4,6-tricarboxylic acid (ptcH (3)) reacts with Cd (II), Mn (II), Ni (II), Mg (II), Ca (II), Sr (II), Ba (II), Dy (III) salts forming different products depending on the reaction conditions.
But under hydrothermal conditions, coordination polymers ({[Ni (1.5)(ptc)(pip)(0.5)(H (2) O)(4)].H (2) O}(n), (pip = piperazine), 3; {Mn (1.5)(ptc).2H (2) O}(n), 4; {Mg (3)(ptc)(2).8H (2) O}(n), 5; {[Mg (ptc)(H (2) O)(2)].1/2 [Mg (H (2) O)(6)].H (2) O}(n), 6; {Ca (1.5)(ptc).2H (2) O}(n), 7; {Sr (1.5)(ptc).5H (2) O}(n), 8; {[Ba (ptc)(H (2) O)][Ba (ptcH (2)) H (2) O]}(n), 9; {[Dy (ptc).3H (2) O].H (2) O}(n), 10) are formed.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15146049 Lozovaya NA, Grebenyuk SE, Tsintsadze TSh, Feng B, Monaghan DT, Krishtal OA: Extrasynaptic NR2B and NR2D subunits of NMDA receptors shape 'superslow' afterburst EPSC in rat hippocampus. J Physiol. 2004 Jul 15;558(Pt 2):451-63. Epub 2004 May 14.

In conditions of facilitated synaptic release, CA3/CA1 synapses generate anomalously slow NMDA receptor-mediated EPSCs (EPSC (NMDA)).
In contrast, ifenprodil, a highly selective NR2B antagonist, and [+/-]-cis-1-[phenanthren-2yl-carbonyl] piperazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid (PPDA), a competitive antagonist that is moderately selective for NR2D subunits, more strongly inhibited the late component of the afterburst EPSC (NMDA).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12734389 Hajos M, Hoffmann WE, Weaver RJ: Regulation of septo-hippocampal activity by 5-hydroxytryptamine (2C) receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Aug;306(2):605-15. Epub 2003 May 6.

Extracellular single units were recorded from the medial septum/vertical limb of diagonal band (MS/DBv) and hippocampal CA1 or dentate gyrus with simultaneous hippocampal EEG recordings from anesthetized rats.
Intravenous administration of 5-HT2C receptor agonists 1-(3-chlorophenyl) piperazine dihydrochloride (m-CPP) and [S]-2-(chloro-5-fluoro-indol-1-yl)-1-methyl-ethylamine fumarate (Ro 60-0175) dose dependently inhibited firing activity most of the recorded MS/DBv neurons and abolished theta oscillation in all tested MS/DBv and hippocampal neurons.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12941378 Ayala GX, Tapia R: Expression of heat shock protein 70 induced by 4-aminopyridine through glutamate-mediated excitotoxic stress in rat hippocampus in vivo. Neuropharmacology. 2003 Oct;45(5):649-60.

The first signs of histological neuronal damage were observed in CA1 and CA3 subfields of the perfused hippocampus 3 h after treatment and progressed until reaching a maximal neuronal loss at 24 h.
The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists MK-801 and (3-phosphonopropyl)-piperazine-2-carboxylic acid prevented the seizures, the neurodegeneration and the expression of HSP70.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12166089 Tsuji K: [Effect of (+/-)-pindolol on the central 5-HT1A receptor by the use of in vivo microdialysis and hippocampal slice preparations]. Nihon Shinkei Seishin Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2002 Jun;22(3):85-95.


The 5-HT and other 5-HT1A receptor agonists, flesinoxan and 8-hydroxy-2- (di-n-propylamino) tetralon (8-OH-DPAT), significantly decreased the population excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in the CA3-CA1 excitatory synapse in a dose-dependent manner.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20061162 Innocenti A, Hall RA, Scozzafava A, Muhlschlegel FA, Supuran CT: Carbonic anhydrase activators: activation of the beta-carbonic anhydrases from the pathogenic fungi Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans with amines and amino acids. Bioorg Med Chem. 2010 Feb;18(3):1034-7. Epub 2010 Jan 4.

More effective activators were some amines such as histamine, dopamine, 2-aminoethyl-piperazine, and L-adrenaline (K (A) s of 13.2-18.5 microM).
1(0,0,0,1) Details