| Name | androgen receptors |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | AIS; AR; Androgen receptor; DHTR; Dihydrotestosterone receptor; HUMARA; KD; NR3C4… |
| Name | vinclozolin |
|---|---|
| CAS | 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8209380 | Kelce WR, Monosson E, Gamcsik MP, Laws SC, Gray LE Jr: Environmental hormone disruptors: evidence that vinclozolin developmental toxicity is mediated by antiandrogenic metabolites. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Jun;126(2):276-85. To test this hypothesis, we examined the ability of vinclozolin to inhibit the conversion of to the more potent androgen 5 alpha- via 5 alpha-reductase (EC 1.3.1.22) and to compete with androgen for binding to the androgen receptor. |
193(2,3,3,3) | Details |
| 12377982 | Euling SY, Gennings C, Wilson EM, Kemppainen JA, Kelce WR, Kimmel CA: Response-surface modeling of the effect of and androgen receptor levels on the response to the androgen antagonist vinclozolin. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Oct;69(2):332-43. |
168(2,2,2,8) | Details |
| 16417039 | Kavlock R, Cummings A: Mode of action: inhibition of androgen receptor function--vinclozolin-induced malformations in reproductive development. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2005 Oct-Nov;35(8-9):721-6. |
163(2,2,2,3) | Details |
| 9007049 | Kelce WR, Lambright CR, Gray LE Jr, Roberts KP: Vinclozolin and p,p'-DDE alter androgen-dependent gene expression: in vivo confirmation of an androgen receptor-mediated mechanism. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Jan;142(1):192-200. Vinclozolin and p,p'-DDE induce antiandrogenic developmental effects in vivo and are potent inhibitors of androgen receptor (AR) binding and AR-dependent gene expression in vitro. |
112(1,2,2,2) | Details |
| 10188192 | Monosson E, Kelce WR, Lambright C, Ostby J, Gray LE Jr: Peripubertal exposure to the antiandrogenic fungicide, vinclozolin, delays puberty, inhibits the development of androgen-dependent tissues, and alters androgen receptor function in the male rat. Toxicol Ind Health. 1999 Jan-Mar;15(1-2):65-79. |
112(1,2,2,2) | Details |
| 9727600 | Kelce WR, Gray LE, Wilson EM: Antiandrogens as environmental endocrine disruptors. Reprod Fertil Dev. 1998;10(1):105-11. Several environmental chemicals, including metabolites of the fungicide vinclozolin and the pesticide DDT, disrupt male reproductive development and function by inhibiting androgen receptor mediated events. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 10188191 | Gray LE Jr, Ostby J, Monosson E, Kelce WR: Environmental antiandrogens: low doses of the fungicide vinclozolin alter sexual differentiation of the male rat. Toxicol Ind Health. 1999 Jan-Mar;15(1-2):48-64. Vinclozolin is metabolized to at least two active forms, M1 and M2, that display antiandrogenic activity by binding the androgen receptor (AR). |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 8845038 | Laws SC, Carey SA, Kelce WR, Cooper RL, Gray LE Jr: Vinclozolin does not alter progesterone receptor (PR) function in vivo despite inhibition of PR binding by its metabolites in vitro. Toxicology. 1996 Sep 2;112(3):173-82. The occurrence of these abnormalities correlates with the in vivo formation of two antiandrogenic metabolites of vinclozolin, (i.e. 2-[[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl] oxy]-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid (Mt) and 3',5'-dichloro-2--2-methylbut-3-enanilide (M2)), which are potent inhibitors of rat androgen receptor binding. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 12563111 | Nellemann C, Dalgaard M, Lam HR, Vinggaard AM: The combined effects of vinclozolin and procymidone do not deviate from expected additivity in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Sci. 2003 Feb;71(2):251-62. In vitro both vinclozolin and procymidone significantly inhibited the binding of agonist to the androgen receptor with the concentration that resulted in 50% inhibition (IC (50)) values of 0.1 and 0.6 micro M, respectively. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 18522408 | Bursztyka J, Debrauwer L, Perdu E, Jouanin I, Jaeg JP, Cravedi JP: Biotransformation of vinclozolin in rat precision-cut liver slices: comparison with in vivo metabolic pattern. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Jun 25;56(12):4832-9. Epub 2008 Jun 4. Vinclozolin is a dicarboxymide fungicide that presents antiandrogenic properties through its two hydrolysis products M1 and M2, which bind to the androgen receptor. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 7650017 | Wong C, Kelce WR, Sar M, Wilson EM: Androgen receptor antagonist versus agonist activities of the fungicide vinclozolin relative to hydroxyflutamide. J Biol Chem. 1995 Aug 25;270(34):19998-20003. |
62(0,2,2,2) | Details |
| 15686871 | Rosen MB, Wilson VS, Schmid JE, Gray LE: Gene expression analysis in the ventral prostate of rats exposed to vinclozolin or procymidone. Reprod Toxicol. 2005 Jan-Feb;19(3):367-79. Vinclozolin and procymidone are antiandrogens that are thought to share a common androgen receptor (AR) mediated mechanism of action. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 10188193 | Ostby J, Kelce WR, Lambright C, Wolf CJ, Mann P, Gray LE Jr: The fungicide procymidone alters sexual differentiation in the male rat by acting as an androgen-receptor antagonist in vivo and in vitro. Toxicol Ind Health. 1999 Jan-Mar;15(1-2):80-93. Vinclozolin metabolites bind to mammalian androgen receptors (AR) and act as AR antagonists, inhibiting androgen-dependent gene expression in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting AR-binding to DNA. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 11453286 | Euling SY, Kimmel CA: Developmental stage sensitivity and mode of action information for androgen agonists and antagonists. Sci Total Environ. 2001 Jul 2;274(1-3):103-13. Vinclozolin acts by binding to and activating the androgen receptor and affects a number of endpoints of reproductive tract differentiation as well as pubertal maturation. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 10794831 | Makynen EA, Kahl MD, Jensen KM, Tietge JE, Wells KL, Van Der Kraak G, Ankley GT: Effects of the mammalian antiandrogen vinclozolin on development and reproduction of the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Aquat Toxicol. 2000 Apr 1;48(4):461-475. The possibility that vinclozolin and its metabolites would bind to androgen receptors in the fathead minnow was investigated through competitive radioligand binding studies. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 16750840 | Molina-Molina JM, Hillenweck A, Jouanin I, Zalko D, Cravedi JP, Fernandez MF, Pillon A, Nicolas JC, Olea N, Balaguer P: Steroid receptor profiling of vinclozolin and its primary metabolites. . Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Oct 1;216(1):44-54. Epub 2006 Jun 5. Vinclozolin, a dicarboximide fungicide, like its primary metabolites 2-[[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl] oxy]-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid (M1), and 3',5'-dichloro-2--2-methylbut-3-enanilide (M2), is known to bind androgen receptor (AR). |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 20056826 | Cowin PA, Gold E, Aleksova J, O'Bryan MK, Foster PM, Scott HS, Risbridger GP: Vinclozolin exposure in utero induces postpubertal prostatitis and reduces sperm production via a reversible hormone-regulated mechanism. Endocrinology. 2010 Feb;151(2):783-92. Epub 2010 Jan 7. Vinclozolin is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) that binds with high affinity to the androgen receptor (AR) and blocks the action of gonadal hormones on male reproductive organs. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 10022274 | Gray LE Jr: Xenoendocrine disrupters: laboratory studies on male reproductive effects. Toxicol Lett. 1998 Dec 28;102-103:331-5. We have identified several pesticides (vinclozolin, procymidone, p,p'-DDE) which bind rat and human androgen receptors, block androgen-induced gene expression in vitro and in vivo, delay puberty, reduce sex accessory gland size and alter sex differentiation in the male rat. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 15064155 | Kojima H, Katsura E, Takeuchi S, Niiyama K, Kobayashi K: Screening for and androgen receptor activities in 200 pesticides by in vitro reporter gene assays using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 Apr;112(5):524-31. In particular, the antiandrogenic activities of two diphenyl ether herbicides, chlornitrofen and chlomethoxyfen, were higher than those of vinclozolin and p,p -dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene, known AR antagonists. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15336722 | Murono EP, Derk RC: The effects of the reported active metabolite of methoxychlor, 2,2-bis (p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane, on formation by cultured Leydig cells from young adult rats. Reprod Toxicol. 2004 Nov;19(1):135-46. Both MC and HPTE have been demonstrated to exhibit weak estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities, and they are thought to exert their effects through or androgen receptors, respectively. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15121513 | Korner W, Vinggaard AM, Terouanne B, Ma R, Wieloch C, Schlumpf M, Sultan C, Soto AM: Interlaboratory comparison of four in vitro assays for assessing androgenic and antiandrogenic activity of environmental chemicals. Environ Health Perspect. 2004 May;112(6):695-702. Laboratory 1 used a cell proliferation assay (assay 1) with human mammary carcinoma cells stably transfected with human androgen receptor. All assays detected and quantified the antiandrogenic effect of vinclozolin [median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values ranging from 1.1 times symbol 10 (-7) M to 4.7 times symbol 10 (-7) M]. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18065196 | Akgul Y, Derk RC, Meighan T, Rao KM, Murono EP: The methoxychlor metabolite, HPTE, directly inhibits the catalytic activity of side-chain cleavage (P450scc) in cultured rat ovarian cells. Reprod Toxicol. 2008 Jan;25(1):67-75. Epub 2007 Oct 25. Of interest, xenoestrogens (bisphenol-A or 4-tert-octylphenol), a pure antiestrogen (ICI 182,780), or antiandrogens (4-hydroxyflutamide or the vinclozolin metabolite had no effect on production even at 1000nM. Both methoxychlor and HPTE have weak estrogenic and antiandrogenic activities, and these effects are thought to be mediated through the and androgen receptors, respectively. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15597887 | Wilson VS, Cardon MC, Thornton J, Korte JJ, Ankley GT, Welch J, Gray LE Jr, Hartig PC: Cloning and in vitro expression and characterization of the androgen receptor and isolation of estrogen receptor alpha from the fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas). Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Dec 1;38(23):6314-21. We also report affinity of the receptor for a number of environmental contaminants including the AR agonists and 17a- and 17beta-trenbolone;AR antagonists such as p,p'-DDE, linuron, and vinclozolin; and the ER agonist 17beta- |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11369770 | Tomura A, Goto K, Morinaga H, Nomura M, Okabe T, Yanase T, Takayanagi R, Nawata H: The subnuclear three-dimensional image analysis of androgen receptor fused to green fluorescence protein. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 27;276(30):28395-401. Epub 2001 May 21. Antiandrogenic environmental disrupting chemicals, such as 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene, vinclozolin, or nitrofen, also disrupted the intranuclear fluorescence foci. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11861975 | Hartig PC, Bobseine KL, Britt BH, Cardon MC, Lambright CR, Wilson VS, Gray LE Jr: Development of two androgen receptor assays using adenoviral transduction of MMTV-luc reporter and/or hAR for endocrine screening. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Mar;66(1):82-90. Luc gene expression was induced in a dose-dependent manner by DHT, and dexamethasone (MDA only) and inhibited by AR antagonist hydroxyflutamide (OHF), -DDE, HPTE (2,2-bis (p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1, 1-trichloroethane), a methoxychlor metabolite, and M1 and M2 (vinclozolin metabolites). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15483189 | Sonneveld E, Jansen HJ, Riteco JA, Brouwer A, van der Burg B: Development of androgen- and -responsive bioassays, members of a panel of human cell line-based highly selective steroid-responsive bioassays. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jan;83(1):136-48. Epub 2004 Oct 13. We have established highly sensitive and specific androgen and reporter cell lines which we have named AR (androgen receptor) and ERalpha (estrogen receptor alpha) CALUX (Chemically Activated LUciferase eXpression), respectively. Flutamide, cyproterone acetate, and the environmental contaminants vinclozolin, DDT, methoxychlor, its metabolite HPTE, and penta-BFR showed clear antagonistic activity in the AR CALUX bioassay, competitively inhibiting DHT-mediated transactivation. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 12730620 | Ma R, Cotton B, Lichtensteiger W, Schlumpf M: UV filters with antagonistic action at androgen receptors in the MDA-kb2 cell transcriptional-activation assay. Toxicol Sci. 2003 Jul;74(1):43-50. Epub 2003 May 2. DHT-induced luciferase gene expression was inhibited by nonsteroidal antiandrogens, hydroxyflutamide, flutamide, bicalutamide, and vinclozolin. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 16498641 | Mu X, Liu K, Kleymenova E, Sar M, Young SS, Gaido KW: Gene expression profiling of androgen receptor antagonists in the rat fetal testis reveals few common gene targets. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2006;20(1):7-17. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with flutamide (50 mg/kg/day), linuron (50 mg/kg/day), vinclozolin (200 mg/kg/day), p,p'-DDE (100 mg/kg/day) or corn oil vehicle by gavage daily from gestation day (GD) 12-19. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 16621434 | Kim HJ, Park YI, Dong MS: Comparison of prostate cancer cell lines for androgen receptor-mediated reporter gene assays. Toxicol In Vitro. 2006 Oct;20(7):1159-67. Epub 2006 Mar 8. The transcriptional activity induced with 10 (-8) M DHT was inhibited about 50-75% in the PC3/AR (+) and 22Rv1, and 98% in the LNCaP, by vinclozolin. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18978937 | Szafran AT, Szwarc M, Marcelli M, Mancini MA: Androgen receptor functional analyses by high throughput imaging: determination of ligand, cell cycle, and mutation-specific effects. PLoS One. 2008;3(11):e3605. Epub 2008 Nov 3. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10491657 | Sperry TS, Thomas P: Identification of two nuclear androgen receptors in kelp bass (Paralabrax clathratus) and their binding affinities for xenobiotics: comparison with Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) androgen receptors. Biol Reprod. 1999 Oct;61(4):1152-61. In addition, we examined the binding affinities of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its derivatives, several hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, PCB mixtures, and the fungicide vinclozolin and its two metabolites M1 and M2 for the two ARs in Atlantic croaker ovarian, testicular, and brain tissues and in kelp bass ovarian and brain tissues. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10053169 | Vinggaard AM, Joergensen EC, Larsen JC: Rapid and sensitive reporter gene assays for detection of antiandrogenic and estrogenic effects of environmental chemicals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999 Mar 1;155(2):150-60. Chinese Hamster Ovary cells were cotransfected with the human androgen receptor expression vector and the mouse mammary tumour virus (MMTV) 2-luciferase vector using the new nonliposomal transfection reagent FuGene. The classical antiandrogenic compounds -flutamide, bicalutamide, spironolactone, and cyproterone acetate together with the pesticide (metabolite) s, vinclozolin, p,p'-DDE, and procymidone all potently inhibited the response to 0.1 nM R1881. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17980475 | Loutchanwoot P, Wuttke W, Jarry H: Effects of a 5-day treatment with vinclozolin on the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in male rats. Toxicology. 2008 Jan 14;243(1-2):105-15. Epub 2007 Sep 29. Our results revealed that (i) VZ decreases epididymis weights, increases serum levels of LH and T, and decreases serum TSH and total T (4) levels; (ii) VZ affects the hypothalamic expression of both estrogen receptor (ERs) subtypes, ERalpha and ERbeta; (iii) in the extrahypothalamic brain areas, VZ alters expression of ERs and androgen receptor (AR); (iv) in the pituitary, VZ up-regulates expression of the GnRH receptor, LHbeta, alpha-subunit, and TERP-1/-2; (v) in the ventral prostate, VZ increases and decreases levels of AR and ERbeta mRNA, respectively; (vi) in the seminal vesicles, VZ increases levels of AR and ERalpha mRNA expressions; (vii) in the epididymis, VZ up-regulates AR and ERbeta mRNA expression. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17420220 | Metzdorff SB, Dalgaard M, Christiansen S, Axelstad M, Hass U, Kiersgaard MK, Scholze M, Kortenkamp A, Vinggaard AM: Dysgenesis and histological changes of genitals and perturbations of gene expression in male rats after in utero exposure to antiandrogen mixtures. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Jul;98(1):87-98. Epub 2007 Apr 9. We investigated the ability of a mixture of three androgen receptor antagonists to induce disruption of male sexual differentiation after perinatal exposure. The aim was to assess whether the joint effects of vinclozolin, flutamide, and procymidone can be predicted based on dose-response data of the individual chemicals. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11403899 | Sultan C, Balaguer P, Terouanne B, Georget V, Paris F, Jeandel C, Lumbroso S, Nicolas J: Environmental xenoestrogens, antiandrogens and disorders of male sexual differentiation. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 2001 Jun 10;178(1-2):99-105. We also developed a model based on a fusion protein between the androgen receptor (AR) and the green fluorescent protein (GFP) to study the intracellular dynamics of AR. Environmental xenoestrogens (such as herbicides, pesticides, PCBs, plasticizers, and polystyrenes) that mimic estrogens or environmental antiandrogens (such as polyaromatic hydrocarbons, linuron, vinclozolin, and pp'DDE) that disturb endocrine balance, cause demasculinizing effects in the male foetus. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12676605 | Kojima H, Iida M, Katsura E, Kanetoshi A, Hori Y, Kobayashi K: Effects of a diphenyl ether-type herbicide, chlornitrofen, and its amino derivative on androgen and estrogen receptor activities. Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Apr;111(4):497-502. We have developed reporter gene assays for human androgen receptor (hAR) and human estrogen receptor-alpha (hER alpha) using Chinese hamster ovary cells. The order of their antiandrogenic activity was CNP > vinclozolin > o,p-DDT = p,p-DDE > CNP-amino, and the order of their estrogenic activity was o,p-DDT > CNP-amino > p,p-DDT > CNP. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10448550 | Foster WG, Desaulniers D, Leingartner K, Wade MG, Poon R, Chu I: Reproductive effects of tris (4-chlorophenyl) in the rat. Chemosphere. 1999 Aug;39(5):709-24. Relative binding affinity studies using androgen receptors from the prostate revealed that TCPM has a binding affinity comparable to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (p,p'-DDE), the principle metabolite of DDT. In addition, the calculated Ki (0.62 microM) for TCPM is lower than the reported Ki's for the antiandrogenic pesticides p,p'-DDE and vinclozolin. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11861974 | Wilson VS, Bobseine K, Lambright CR, Gray LE Jr: A novel cell line, MDA-kb2, that stably expresses an androgen- and glucocorticoid-responsive reporter for the detection of hormone receptor agonists and antagonists. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Mar;66(1):69-81. In addition, known AR antagonists, including hydroxyflutamide, vinclozolin, vinclozolin metabolites M1 and M2, p,p'-DDE, and linuron inhibited DHT-induced luciferase gene expression at appropriate concentrations in this system. Environmental Protection Agency has proposed that in vitro assays for estrogen receptor (ER)- and androgen receptor (AR)-mediated actions be included in a Tier-I screening battery to detect hormonally active chemicals. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9846162 | Sohoni P, Sumpter JP: Several environmental oestrogens are also anti-androgens. J Endocrinol. 1998 Sep;158(3):327-39. However, recent evidence suggests that many abnormalities in the male reproductive system may be mediated via the androgen receptor. The previously reported anti-androgenic activities of vinclozolin and p,p'-1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) were confirmed. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11884232 | Andersen HR, Vinggaard AM, Rasmussen TH, Gjermandsen IM, Bonefeld-Jorgensen EC: Effects of currently used pesticides in assays for estrogenicity, androgenicity, and aromatase activity in vitro. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2002 Feb 15;179(1):1-12. Twenty-four pesticides were tested for interactions with the estrogen receptor (ER) and the androgen receptor (AR) in transactivation assays. Pesticides (endosulfan, methiocarb, methomyl, pirimicarb, propamocarb, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, dimethoate, chlorpyriphos, dichlorvos, tolchlofos-methyl, vinclozolin, iprodion, fenarimol, prochloraz, fosetyl-aluminum, chlorothalonil, daminozid, paclobutrazol, chlormequat chlorid, and ethephon) were selected according to their frequent use in Danish greenhouses. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 14967917 | Kubota K, Ohsako S, Kurosawa S, Takeda K, Qing W, Sakaue M, Kawakami T, Ishimura R, Tohyama C: Effects of vinclozolin administration on sperm production and biosynthetic pathway in adult male rat. J Reprod Dev. 2003 Oct;49(5):403-12. A significant increase in 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I (3betaHSD) and a decrease in androgen receptor (AR) mRNA were observed only in FM treated rats. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19564212 | Blystone CR, Lambright CS, Cardon MC, Furr J, Rider CV, Hartig PC, Wilson VS, Gray LE Jr: Cumulative and antagonistic effects of a mixture of the antiandrogens vinclozolin and iprodione in the pubertal male rat. Toxicol Sci. 2009 Sep;111(1):179-88. Epub 2009 Jun 29. Here, we demonstrate that iprodione binds to the human androgen receptor (IC (50) = 86.0 microM), reduces androgen-dependent gene expression, and reduces androgen-sensitive tissue weights in castrated male rats (Hershberger assay). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11392371 | Gray LE, Ostby J, Furr J, Wolf CJ, Lambright C, Parks L, Veeramachaneni DN, Wilson V, Price M, Hotchkiss A, Orlando E, Guillette L: Effects of environmental antiandrogens on reproductive development in experimental animals. Hum Reprod Update. 2001 May-Jun;7(3):248-64. Chemicals that act as androgen receptor (AR) agonists and antagonists or inhibit fetal steroidogenesis can induce reproductive malformations in humans and laboratory animals. The pesticides vinclozolin, procymidone, linuron and DDT are AR antagonists. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15084347 | Roy P, Salminen H, Koskimies P, Simola J, Smeds A, Saukko P, Huhtaniemi IT: Screening of some anti-androgenic endocrine disruptors using a recombinant cell-based in vitro bioassay. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Feb;88(2):157-66. To this end, CHO cells were cotransfected with plasmids encoding mouse mammary tumour virus-neomycin-luciferase and human androgen receptor (hAR), and a stable cell line was established. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11856573 | Bayley M, Junge M, Baatrup E: Exposure of juvenile guppies to three antiandrogens causes demasculinization and a reduced sperm count in adult males. Aquat Toxicol. 2002 Mar;56(4):227-39. It has been thoroughly established that the fungicide vinclozolin and the persistent DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE, can function as antiandrogens in mammals in a manner similar to the therapeutic antiandrogen flutamide. In mammals, these chemicals bind the androgen receptor and prevent the transcription of the associated genes causing abnormal sexual development and demasculinization. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10188194 | Gray LE Jr, Wolf C, Lambright C, Mann P, Price M, Cooper RL, Ostby J: Administration of potentially antiandrogenic pesticides (procymidone, linuron, iprodione, chlozolinate, p,p'-DDE, and ketoconazole) and toxic substances (dibutyl- and diethylhexyl PCB 169, and ethane dimethane sulphonate) during sexual differentiation produces diverse profiles of reproductive malformations in the male rat. Toxicol Ind Health. 1999 Jan-Mar;15(1-2):94-118. For example, in utero treatment with the androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, flutamide, produces ventral prostate agenesis and testicular nondescent, while in contrast, finasteride, an inhibitor of 5 alpha- (DHT) synthesis, rarely, if ever, induces such malformations. In this regard, it was recently proposed that dibutyl (DBP) alters reproductive development by a different mechanism of action than flutamide or vinclozolin (V), which are AR antagonists, because the male offsprings display an unusually high incidence of testicular and epididymal alterations--effects rarely seen after in utero flutamide or V treatment. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12650678 | Lee HJ, Lee YS, Kwon HB, Lee K: Novel yeast bioassay system for detection of androgenic and antiandrogenic compounds. Toxicol In Vitro. 2003 Apr;17(2):237-44. A yeast strain, ARhLBD-ASC1, was established by co-transformation of yeast cells harboring a lacZ reporter plasmid with two vectors expressing each of LexA fused hinge-ligand binding domain (hLBD) of androgen receptor (AR) and B42 fused ASC-1 that interacts with the AR-hLBD in an androgen-dependent manner. The AR antagonists flutamide, cyproterone acetate and spironolactone, and environmental antiandrogens p,p'-DDE and vinclozolin all inhibited the response of the yeast cells to 10 nM qualitatively similar to their inhibition reported in mammalian cell systems. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10788570 | Wolf CJ, LeBlanc GA, Ostby JS, Gray LE Jr: Characterization of the period of sensitivity of fetal male sexual development to vinclozolin. Toxicol Sci. 2000 May;55(1):152-61. Vinclozolin is a fungicide whose metabolites are androgen receptor (AR) antagonists. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 14736997 | Wolf CJ, LeBlanc GA, Gray LE Jr: Interactive effects of vinclozolin and testosterone propionate on pregnancy and sexual differentiation of the male and female SD rat. Toxicol Sci. 2004 Mar;78(1):135-43. Epub 2004 Jan 21. Administration of during this period alters female development in a male-like direction, whereas exposure to an androgen receptor antagonist like vinclozolin (V) demasculinizes and feminizes the male offspring. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 10910998 | Lambright C, Ostby J, Bobseine K, Wilson V, Hotchkiss AK, Mann PC, Gray LE Jr: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of linuron: an antiandrogenic herbicide that produces reproductive malformations in male rats. Toxicol Sci. 2000 Aug;56(2):389-99. Some, like flutamide, procymidone, or vinclozolin compete with androgens for the androgen receptor (AR), inhibit AR-DNA binding, and alter androgen-dependent gene expression in vivo and in vitro. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 17935456 | Martinovic D, Blake L, Durhan EJ, Greene K, Kahl MD, Jensen KM, Makynen E, Villeneuve D, Ankley GT: Characterization of Reproductive Toxicity of Vinclozolin in the Fathead Minnow and Co-Treatment with an Androgen to Confirm an Anti-Androgenic Mode of Action. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2007 Oct 12:1. Effects on fecundity, gonadal histology, secondary sexual characteristics, reproductive hormones, and relative abundance of androgen receptor (AR) and 11beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11betaHSD) mRNA transcripts, were evaluated in one or both of these studies. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19833195 | Freyberger A, Weimer M, Tran HS, Ahr HJ: Assessment of a recombinant androgen receptor binding assay: Initial steps towards validation. Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Oct 13. Besides two reference compounds (DHT), ten test compounds with different affinities for the AR [levonorgestrel, prochloraz, 17alpha-methyltestosterone, flutamide, norethynodrel, o,p'-DDT, dibutylphthalate, vinclozolin, linuron] were used to explore the performance of the assay. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18348629 | Martinovic D, Blake LS, Durhan EJ, Greene KJ, Kahl MD, Jensen KM, Makynen EA, Villeneuve DL, Ankley GT: Reproductive toxicity of vinclozolin in the fathead minnow: confirming an anti-androgenic mode of action. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2008 Feb;27(2):478-88. Effects on fecundity, gonadal histology, secondary sexual characteristics, reproductive hormones, and relative abundance of androgen receptor (AR) and 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11betaHSD) mRNA transcripts were evaluated in one or both of these studies. |
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| 16837734 | Anway MD, Memon MA, Uzumcu M, Skinner MK: Transgenerational effect of the endocrine disruptor vinclozolin on male spermatogenesis. J Androl. 2006 Nov-Dec;27(6):868-79. Epub 2006 Jul 12. The administration of vinclozolin, an androgen receptor antagonist, at 100 mg/kg/day from embryonic day 8-14 (E8-E14) of pregnancy to only the F0 dam resulted in a transgenerational phenotype in the subsequent male offspring in the F1-F4 generations. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 18315719 | Christiansen S, Scholze M, Axelstad M, Boberg J, Kortenkamp A, Hass U: Combined exposure to anti-androgens causes markedly increased frequencies of hypospadias in the rat. Int J Androl. 2008 Apr;31(2):241-8. In a mixture (MIX) study with three androgen receptor antagonists, vinclozolin, flutamide and procymidone, rats were gavaged during gestation and lactation with several doses of a MIX of the three chemicals or the chemicals alone. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 16765025 | Andre SM, Markowski VP: Learning deficits expressed as delayed extinction of a conditioned running response following perinatal exposure to vinclozolin. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2006 Jul-Aug;28(4):482-8. Epub 2006 Jun 9. Vinclozolin (Vz) is one member of a group of fungicides whose metabolites are androgen receptor antagonists. |
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| 7974495 | Gray LE Jr, Ostby JS, Kelce WR: Developmental effects of an environmental antiandrogen: the fungicide vinclozolin alters sex differentiation of the male rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;129(1):46-52. Our observation of perinatal-induced agenesis of the prostate and blocked testicular descent, a pattern of malformations nearly identical to that reported for the antiandrogen flutamide, is consistent with other recent evidence that this fungicide is an androgen-receptor antagonist. |
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| 16504050 | Buckley J, Willingham E, Agras K, Baskin LS: Embryonic exposure to the fungicide vinclozolin causes virilization of females and alteration of progesterone receptor expression in vivo: an experimental study in mice. Environ Health. 2006 Feb 21;5:4. We analyzed quantified mRNA levels between treated and untreated animals for mRNA levels of estrogen receptors alpha and receptor, and androgen receptor using nonparametric tests or ANOVA. |
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| 17931804 | Blystone CR, Lambright CS, Furr J, Wilson VS, Gray LE Jr: Iprodione delays male rat pubertal development, reduces serum levels, and decreases ex vivo testicular production. Toxicol Lett. 2007 Nov 1;174(1-3):74-81. Epub 2007 Aug 31. Iprodione (IPRO) is a dichlorophenyl dicarboximide fungicide similar to procymidone and vinclozolin. |
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| 15147789 | Kang IH, Kim HS, Shin JH, Kim TS, Moon HJ, Kim IY, Choi KS, Kil KS, Park YI, Dong MS, Han SY: Comparison of anti-androgenic activity of flutamide, vinclozolin, procymidone, linuron, and p, p'-DDE in rodent 10-day Hershberger assay. Toxicology. 2004 Jul 1;199(2-3):145-59. Our results indicate that procymidone may act as a stronger androgen receptor (AR) antagonist than vinclozolin, linuron, or p,p'-DDE. |
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| 12834785 | Hotchkiss AK, Ostby JS, Vandenbergh JG, Gray LE Jr: An environmental antiandrogen, vinclozolin, alters the organization of play behavior. Physiol Behav. 2003 Jul;79(2):151-6. One such EDC is the fungicide and androgen receptor (AR) antagonist, vinclozolin. |
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| 11675272 | Baatrup E, Junge M: Antiandrogenic pesticides disrupt sexual characteristics in the adult male guppy Poecilia reticulata. Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Oct;109(10):1063-70. Thus, as androgen receptor antagonists, the fungicide vinclozolin and the principal DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE have been demonstrated to induce demasculinization in rats. |
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| 15279874 | Uzumcu M, Suzuki H, Skinner MK: Effect of the anti-androgenic endocrine disruptor vinclozolin on embryonic testis cord formation and postnatal testis development and function. Reprod Toxicol. 2004 Aug-Sep;18(6):765-74. Vinclozolin and its metabolites are known to be endocrine disruptors and act as androgen receptor antagonists. |
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| 18205796 | Rider CV, Furr J, Wilson VS, Gray LE Jr: A mixture of seven antiandrogens induces reproductive malformations in rats. Int J Androl. 2008 Apr;31(2):249-62. Epub 2008 Jan 16. In this study, pregnant rats were exposed to four dilutions of a mixture containing vinclozolin, procymidone, linuron, prochloraz, benzyl butyl dibutyl and diethylhexyl during the period of sexual differentiation and male offspring were assessed for effects on hormone sensitive endpoints including: anogenital distance, infant areolae retention and reproductive tract tissue weights and malformations. |
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| 18315717 | Wilson VS, Blystone CR, Hotchkiss AK, Rider CV, Gray LE Jr: Diverse mechanisms of anti-androgen action: impact on male rat reproductive tract development. Int J Androl. 2008 Apr;31(2):178-87. Classes of chemicals currently known to interfere with the androgen signalling pathway include dicarboximide fungicides (e.g. vinclozolin), organochlorine-based insecticides (e.g. p,p'-DDT and -DDE), conazole fungicides (e.g. prochloraz), plasticizers (phthalates) and urea-based herbicides (linuron). |
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| 19836445 | Freyberger A, Witters H, Weimer M, Lofink W, Berckmans P, Ahr HJ: Screening for (anti) androgenic properties using a standard operation protocol based on the human stably transfected androgen sensitive PALM cell line. Reprod Toxicol. 2009 Oct 27. A few compounds, 17alpha-methyltestosterone (17alpha-MT), vinclozolin and linuron, were studied using a real world scenario, i.e., assuming that their interaction with the AR was not known: A prescreening for agonism and true, competitive antagonism was used to select conditions such as the appropriate mode of action, and the working range excluding cytotoxicity for the final screening. |
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| 12075120 | Turner KJ, Barlow NJ, Struve MF, Wallace DG, Gaido KW, Dorman DC, Foster PM: Effects of in utero exposure to the organophosphate insecticide fenitrothion on androgen-dependent reproductive development in the Crl:CD (SD) BR rat. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Jul;68(1):174-83. At the dose levels evaluated in this study, fenitrothion was only weakly antiandrogenic in vivo compared with other androgen receptor antagonists such as flutamide, linuron, and vinclozolin. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 18174960 | Hass U, Scholze M, Christiansen S, Dalgaard M, Vinggaard AM, Axelstad M, Metzdorff SB, Kortenkamp A: Combined exposure to anti-androgens exacerbates disruption of sexual differentiation in the rat. Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Dec;115 Suppl 1:122-8. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess whether the joint effects of three androgen receptor antagonists (vinclozolin, flutamide, procymidone) on male sexual differentiation after in utero and postnatal exposures can be predicted based on dose-response data of the individual chemicals. |
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| 20132345 | Kjaerstad MB, Taxvig C, Andersen HR, Nellemann C: Mixture effects of endocrine disrupting compounds in vitro. Int J Androl. 2010 Jan 28. It was found that additive effects on the same molecular target (the androgen receptor; AR) can be predicted for both mixtures of compounds with effect on the AR (flutamide, procymidone and vinclozolin) and of compounds with and without effects on the AR [finasteride, mono-(2-ethylhexyl) prochloraz and vinclozolin]. |
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| 12060841 | Hotchkiss AK, Ostby JS, Vandenburgh JG, Gray LE Jr: Androgens and environmental antiandrogens affect reproductive development and play behavior in the Sprague-Dawley rat. Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Jun;110 Suppl 3:435-9. Vinclozolin is an androgen receptor antagonist that inhibits androgen-dependent tissue growth in vivo. |
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| 11985887 | Shimamura M, Kodaira K, Kenichi H, Ishimoto Y, Tamura H, Iguchi T: Comparison of antiandrogenic activities of vinclozolin and D,L-camphorquinone in androgen receptor gene transcription assay in vitro and mouse in utero exposure assay in vivo. Toxicology. 2002 May 24;174(2):97-107. |
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| 19818413 | Smolinsky AN, Doughman JM, Kratzke LT, Lassiter CS: Zebrafish (Danio rerio) androgen receptor: sequence homology and up-regulation by the fungicide vinclozolin. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2010 Mar;151(2):161-6. Epub . |
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| 18629315 | Cowin PA, Foster P, Pedersen J, Hedwards S, McPherson SJ, Risbridger GP: Early-onset endocrine disruptor-induced prostatitis in the rat. Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Jul;116(7):923-9. RESULTS: In utero exposure to vinclozolin was insufficient to perturb prostatic development and branching, although expression of androgen receptor and mesenchymal fibroblast growth factor-10 was down-regulated. |
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