Protein Information

Name alkaline phosphatase
Synonyms ALP 1; Alkaline phosphatase; ALPG; ALPPL; ALPPL 2; ALPPL2; GCAP; Germ cell alkaline phosphatase…

Compound Information

Name sodium azide
CAS sodium azide

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
11403767 de Aguiar Matos JA, Borges FP, Tasca T, Bogo MR, De Carli GA, da Graca Fauth M, Dias RD, Bonan CD: Characterisation of an ATP diphosphohydrolase (Apyrase, EC 3.6.1.5) activity in Trichomonas vaginalis. Int J Parasitol. 2001 Jun;31(8):770-5.


It is Ca (2+)-dependent and is insensitive to classical ATPase inhibitors, such as ouabain (1 mM), N-ethylmaleimide (0.1 mM), orthovanadate (0.1 mM) and sodium azide (5 mM).
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11862992 Coimbra ES, Goncalves-da-Costa SC, Corte-Real S, De Freitas FG, Durao AC, Souza CS, Silva-Santos MI, Vasconcelos EG: Characterization and cytochemical localization of an ATP diphosphohydrolase from Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes. Parasitology. 2002 Feb;124(Pt 2):137-43.


Sodium azide (5-10 mM) caused inhibition of the ATP and ADP hydrolysis in a dose-dependent manner.
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12899930 Rico EP, Senger MR, Fauth Mda G, Dias RD, Bogo MR, Bonan CD: ATP and ADP hydrolysis in brain membranes of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Life Sci. 2003 Sep 5;73(16):2071-82.


It was able to hydrolyze purine and pyrimidine nucleosides 5'-di and triphosphates, being insensitive to classical ATPase inhibitors, such as ouabain (1 mM), N-ethylmaleimide (0.1 mM), orthovanadate (0.1 mM) and sodium azide (0.1 mM).
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8580174 Saini PK, Webert DW, Judkins JC: Role of sodium azide in reducing nonspecific color development in enzyme immunoassays. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1995 Oct;7(4):509-14.

Whereas sodium azide could be used only in sample predilution in the swine toxoplasmosis peroxidase-conjugate test, in the bovine brucellosis alkaline phosphatase-conjugate card test it could be used in all wash cycles.
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7761265 Ziganshin AU, Ziganshina LE, King BE, Burnstock G: Characteristics of ecto-ATPase of Xenopus oocytes and the inhibitory actions of suramin on ATP breakdown. Pflugers Arch. 1995 Jan;429(3):412-8.

Ecto-ATPase activity was unaffected by ouabain (100 microM), sodium azide (100 microM), and oligomycin (5 micrograms/ml) (as inhibitors of endo-ATPases) and beta-glycerophosphate (10 mM) and p-nitrophenyl phosphate (10 mM) (as inhibitors of non-specific alkaline phosphatase).
31(0,1,1,1) Details
12387710 Golovastov VV, Zolov SN, Nesmeyanova MA: Study of interaction of export initiation domain of Escherichia coli mature alkaline phosphatase with membrane phospholipids during secretion. Biochemistry. 2002 Sep;67(9):978-85.

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10037778 McMurry JL, Kendall DA: An artificial transmembrane segment directs SecA, SecB, and electrochemical potential-dependent translocation of a long amino-terminal tail. J Biol Chem. 1999 Mar 5;274(10):6776-82.

In contrast, here we describe alkaline phosphatase mutants containing artificial transmembrane segments that demonstrate that translocation of a long N-tail across the membrane is dependent upon SecA, SecB, and the electrochemical potential in the absence of a signal peptide.
We present evidence that inhibition of SecA by sodium azide is incomplete even at high concentrations of inhibitor, which suggests why SecA-dependent translocation may not have been detected in other systems.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
12637029 Demenis MA, Furriel RP, Leone FA: Characterization of an ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 activity in alkaline phosphatase-depleted rat osseous plate membranes: possible functional involvement in the calcification process. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Mar 21;1646(1-2):216-25.

However, suramin and sodium azide were effective inhibitors of ATP and ADP hydrolysis.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
14616079 Golovastov VV, Nesmeyanova MA: Effect of membrane phospholipid composition and charge of the signal peptide of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase on efficiency of its secretion. Biochemistry. 2003 Oct;68(10):1089-96.

If SecA is inactivated by sodium azide, then the dependence of secretion on anionic phospholipids increases; on the contrary, higher content of anionic phospholipids (in the absence of phosphatidylethanolamine) decreases the dependence of secretion on the SecA activity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16878605 Pandey M: Nutrient modulated alkaline phosphatase and associated processes in diazotrophic cyanobacteria. Pol J Microbiol. 2006;55(1):53-62.

The lower level of micronutrients either promoted or had no effect on photosynthetic inhibitors (DCMU) and respiratory electron transport chain inhibitor (sodium azide).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7548149 Elzainy TA, Ali TH: Participation of a proton-translocating plasma membrane ATPase, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in ATP degradation by Aspergillus niger extracts. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Oct 4;1239(1):91-7.

It was neither inhibited by sodium azide nor by potassium nitrate but inhibited by orthovanadate, DES, DCCD, Mg2+ and Pi.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17169379 Buffon A, Ribeiro VB, Wink MR, Casali EA, Sarkis JJ: Nucleotide metabolizing ecto-enzymes in Walker 256 tumor cells: molecular identification, kinetic characterization and biochemical properties. Life Sci. 2007 Feb 13;80(10):950-8. Epub 2006 Nov 22.

A significant inhibition of ATP and ADP hydrolysis was observed in the presence of high concentrations of sodium azide and 0.5 mM of Gadolinium chloride.
These activities were insensitive to ATPase, adenylate kinase and alkaline phosphatase classical inhibitors.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11742758 Da Silva RS, de Paula Cognato G, Bogo MR, da Graca Fauth M, Fin CA, Thome JW, Bonan CD, Dutra Dias R: Unique Ca (2+)-activated ATPase in the nervous ganglia of Phyllocaulis soleiformis (Mollusca). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Jan;131(1):55-61.

Ca (2+)-ATPase activity was insensitive to the classical ATPase inhibitors ouabain, N-ethylmaleimide, orthovanadate and sodium azide.
Levamisole, an inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase, was ineffective.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8089196 Rusch SL, Chen H, Izard JW, Kendall DA: Signal peptide hydrophobicity is finely tailored for function. . J Cell Biochem. 1994 Jun;55(2):209-17.

In order to titrate the dependence of individual steps in protein transport on signal peptide hydrophobicity, we have examined a series of mutants which involve replacement of the hydrophobic core segment of the Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase signal peptide.
Analysis of precursors that are processed rapidly defines an intermediate range of hydrophobicity that is optimum; above this level precursors become insensitive to transport inhibitors such as sodium azide and carbonyl cyanide 3-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) in parallel with substantial inhibition of beta-lactamase processing.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8955080 Bhat R, Weaver JA, Wagner C, Bodwell JE, Bresnick E: ATP depletion affects the phosphorylation state, ligand binding, and nuclear transport of the 4 S polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-binding protein in rat hepatoma cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Dec 20;271(51):32551-6.

The ATP level within H4IIE rat hepatoma cells could be depleted by treatment with sodium azide or 2,4-dinitrophenol; restoration of the original ATP levels occurred with addition of glucose to the cell culture.
Alkaline phosphatase treatment of the purified 4 S protein in a cell-free system also reduced the B [a] P binding to the protein.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12403776 Qi HY, Hyndman JB, Bernstein HD: DnaK promotes the selective export of outer membrane protein precursors in SecA-deficient Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 27;277(52):51077-83. Epub 2002 Oct 25.

We found that 25-50% of each OMP as well as an OmpA-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein was exported from SecA-deficient cells.
This partial export was completely abolished by the SecA inhibitor sodium azide and therefore still required the participation of SecA.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8955279 Chen H, Kim J, Kendall DA: Competition between functional signal peptides demonstrates variation in affinity for the secretion pathway. J Bacteriol. 1996 Dec;178(23):6658-64.


This system involves the expression of a modified alkaline phosphatase which possesses two signal peptides arranged in tandem.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14629005 Alves-Ferreira M, Dutra PM, Lopes AH, Ferreira-Pereira A, Scofano HM, Meyer-Fernandes JR: Magnesium-dependent ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase activity in Herpetomonas muscarum muscarum. Curr Microbiol. 2003 Oct;47(4):265-71.

The ecto-ATPase activity was insensitive to oligomycin and sodium azide, two inhibitors of mitochondrial Mg-ATPase, bafilomycin A1, a V-ATPase inhibitor, ouabain, a Na (+)+K+-ATPase inhibitor and to levamizole, an inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase.
The ecto-ATPase activity was insensitive to oligomycin and sodium azide, two inhibitors of mitochondrial Mg-ATPase, bafilomycin A1, a V-ATPase inhibitor, ouabain, a Na (+)+K+-ATPase inhibitor and to levamizole, an inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12112443 Bendayan R, Lee G, Bendayan M: Functional expression and localization of P-glycoprotein at the blood brain barrier. Microsc Res Tech. 2002 Jun 1;57(5):365-80.

In addition, results from functional studies show that the accumulation of the P-glycoprotein substrate digoxin by RBE4 monolayer cells is significantly enhanced in the presence of standard P-glycoprotein inhibitors (verapamil, cyclosporin A, PSC 833), protease inhibitors (saquinavir, ritonavir, indinavir), and the metabolic inhibitor, sodium azide.
However, results from molecular biology, immunocytochemistry, biochemistry, and transport studies show that the cerebral endothelial cells possess an asymmetrical array of metabolic enzymes (i.e., alkaline phosphatase, cytochrome P450 enzymes, glutathione transferases) and energy-dependent efflux transport proteins (i.e., P-glycoprotein and Multidrug-resistance proteins) that are instrumental to the barrier function.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9144325 Menezes de Oliveira E, Oliveira Battastini AM, Meirelles MN, Menezes Moreira C, Dutra Dias R, Freitas Sarkis JJ: Characterization and localization of an ATP diphosphohydrolase activity (EC 3.6.1.5) in sarcolemmal membrane from rat heart. Mol Cell Biochem. 1997 May;170(1-2):115-23.


Sodium azide that is a mitochondrial inhibitor at low concentrations, did not affect the enzyme activity at 5.0 mM or below.
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8655479 Jander G, Cronan JE Jr, Beckwith J: Biotinylation in vivo as a sensitive indicator of protein secretion and membrane protein insertion. J Bacteriol. 1996 Jun;178(11):3049-58.


Inhibition of SecA with sodium azide and mutations in SecB, SecD, and SecF, all of which slow down protein secretion, result in biotinylation of PSBT.
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