Protein Information

Name gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase
Synonyms GCLM; GCS light chain; GLCLR; Gamma ECS; Gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase; Gamma glutamylcysteine synthetase regulatory subunit; Glutamate cysteine ligase modifier subunit; Glutamate cysteine ligase regulatory subunit…

Compound Information

Name mercuric chloride
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
2386541 Naganuma A, Anderson ME, Meister A: Cellular glutathione as a determinant of sensitivity to mercuric chloride toxicity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Aug 15;40(4):693-7.

Depletion of glutathione (GSH) by treatment of mice with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an effective inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, markedly enhanced (about 10-fold) the lethal and renal toxicity of mercuric chloride.
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16806635 Preveral S, Ansoborlo E, Mari S, Vavasseur A, Forestier C: Metal (loid) s and radionuclides cytotoxicity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochimie. 2006 Nov;88(11):1651-63. Epub 2006 Jun 19.


In the presence of heavy metals, application of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a well-known inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, led to a decrease in the cytosolic pool of GSH and to a limitation of yeast growth.
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8806046 Lash LH, Zalups RK: Alterations in renal cellular glutathione metabolism after in vivo administration of a subtoxic dose of mercuric chloride. J Biochem Toxicol. 1996;11(1):1-9.

PT cells were studied as the presumed target site for Hg2+, and DT cells were investigated as a nontarget cell population. gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase activity increased after exposure to Hg2+ in PT cells when expressed on a per cell basis.
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11816031 Westwater J, McLaren NF, Dormer UH, Jamieson DJ: The adaptive response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to mercury exposure. Yeast. 2002 Feb;19(3):233-9.


Expression of the yeast GSH1 gene, encoding gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, is known to be regulated by hydrogen peroxide; in this study we show that expression of a GSH1-lacZ reporter gene is shown to be regulated by exposure to heavy metals, such as mercury and cadmium.
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11874199 Lee YW, Ha MS, Kim YK: Role of reactive oxygen species and glutathione in inorganic mercury-induced injury in human glioma cells. Neurochem Res. 2001 Nov;26(11):1187-93.


Incubation of cells with 0.2 mM buthionine sulfoximine for 24 hr, a selective inhibitor of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, resulted in 56% reduction in GSH content without any change in cell viability.
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12787490 Kim SJ, Shin YH, Kim K, Park EH, Sa JH, Lim CJ: Regulation of the gene encoding glutathione synthetase from the fission yeast. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 May 31;36(3):326-31.

Interestingly, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase activity increased 2.1-fold in the S. pombe cells that contained the cloned GS gene.
The S. pombe cells that harbored the multicopy-number plasmid pRGS49 (containing the cloned GS gene) showed a higher level of survival on solid media with cadmium chloride (1 mM) or mercuric chloride (10 microM) than the cells that harbored the YEp357R vector.
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