Protein Information

Name FRAP
Synonyms FK506 binding protein 12 rapamycin complex associated protein 1; FK506 binding protein 12 rapamycin associated protein 1; FKBP12 rapamycin complex associated protein 1; FKBP12 rapamycin complex associated protein; FRAP; FRAP 1; FRAP 2; FRAP1…

Compound Information

Name biphenyl
CAS 1,1′-biphenyl

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18588872 Liu H, Zang C, Emde A, Planas-Silva MD, Rosche M, Kuhnl A, Schulz CO, Elstner E, Possinger K, Eucker J: Anti-tumor effect of honokiol alone and in combination with other anti-cancer agents in breast cancer. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 4;591(1-3):43-51. Epub 2008 Jun 12.


Finally, we showed that honokiol was able to attenuate the PI3K/Akt/mTOR (Phosphoinositide 3-kinases/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin) signalling by down-regulation of Akt phosphorylation and upregulation of PTEN (Phosphatase and Tensin homolog deleted on chromosome Ten) expression.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18226890 Adedapo AA, Jimoh FO, Koduru S, Masika PJ, Afolayan AJ: Evaluation of the medicinal potentials of the methanol extracts of the leaves and stems of Halleria lucida. Bioresour Technol. 2008 Jul;99(10):4158-63. Epub 2008 Jan 28.


On the other hand, the total phenols, the flavonoids and the FRAP contents of the stem were higher than that of the leaves.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18463567 Lamien-Meda A, Lamien CE, Compaore MM, Meda RN, Kiendrebeogo M, Zeba B, Millogo JF, Nacoulma OG: Polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of fourteen wild edible fruits from Burkina Faso. Molecules. 2008 Mar 6;13(3):581-94.


A total of fourteen (14) species of wild edible fruits from Burkina Faso were analyzed for their phenolic and flavonoid contents, and their antioxidant activities using the DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19947168 Pavlovic RD, Lakusic B, Doslov-Kokorus Z, Kovacevic N: Arbutin content and antioxidant activity of some Ericaceae species. Pharmazie. 2009 Oct;64(10):656-9.


Antioxidative properites of the ethanolic extracts were tested by means of FRAP (total antioxidant capacity), lipid peroxidation and DPPH free radical scavenging activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19483651 Crane C, Panner A, Pieper RO, Arbiser J, Parsa AT: Honokiol-mediated inhibition of PI3K/mTOR pathway: a potential strategy to overcome immunoresistance in glioma, breast, and prostate carcinoma without impacting T cell function. J Immunother. 2009 Jul-Aug;32(6):585-92.


Inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway is an appealing method for decreasing the immunoresistance and augmenting T cell-mediated immunotherapy.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18590944 Rivero-Perez MD, Muniz P, Gonzalez-Sanjose ML: Contribution of anthocyanin fraction to the antioxidant properties of wine. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008 Aug;46(8):2815-22. Epub 2008 May 23.


So, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), hydroxyl and superoxide scavenger activity and lipid peroxidation of 80 Spanish red wines and their anthocyanins fractions have been assessed for ABTS, DPPH, DMPD, and FRAP methods, hydroxyl radical (HRSA), superoxide radical scavenger activity (SRSA) and ABAP-lipid peroxidation (ABAP-LP).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18343907 Koleckar V, Opletal L, Brojerova E, Rehakova Z, Cervenka F, Kubikova K, Kuca K, Jun D, Polasek M, Kunes J, Jahodar L: Evaluation of natural antioxidants of Leuzea carthamoides as a result of a screening study of 88 plant extracts from the European Asteraceae and Cichoriaceae. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2008 Apr;23(2):218-24.


Antioxidant activity of the isolated compounds was evaluated by DPPH test and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) test and compared with trolox and quercetin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19491375 Koren E, Kohen R, Ovadia H, Ginsburg I: Bacteria coated by polyphenols acquire potent oxidant-scavenging capacities. Exp Biol Med. 2009 Aug;234(8):940-51. Epub 2009 Jun 2.


This phenomenon was confirmed visually, by the FRAP, DPPH, cyclic voltammetry, Folin-Ciocalteu as well as by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence techniques employed to assay TOSC.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19309147 Ajisaka K, Agawa S, Nagumo S, Kurato K, Yokoyama T, Arai K, Miyazaki T: Evaluation and comparison of the antioxidative potency of various carbohydrates using different methods. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Apr 22;57(8):3102-7.


A detailed analysis of the antioxidative activity of 12 carbohydrates including chondroitin sulfate, fucoidan, agaro-oligosaccharide, 2-deoxy-scyllo-inosose (DOI), Galbeta1-4DOI, D-glucuronic acid, chitobiose, D-mannosamine, D-galactosamine, D-glucosamine, heparin, and colominic acid was performed using four established methods: 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay, and the deoxyribose method.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20110901 Zhang LL, Lin YM, Zhou HC, Wei SD, Chen JH: Condensed tannins from mangrove species Kandelia candel and Rhizophora mangle and their antioxidant activity. Molecules. 2010 Jan 20;15(1):420-31.


In addition, condensed tannins from two mangrove plants were screened for their potential antioxidant activities using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) model systems.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17851439 Phutdhawong W, Kawaree R, Sanjaiya S, Sengpracha W, Buddhasukh D: Microwave-assisted isolation of essential oil of Cinnamomum iners Reinw. ex Bl.: comparison with conventional hydrodistillation. Molecules. 2007 Apr 30;12(4):868-77.


The antioxidant activity of the essential oil obtained by both methods was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and lipid peroxidation methods, all of which indicated the same but insignificant activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19627210 Piljac-Zegarac J, Belscak A, Piljac A: Antioxidant capacity and polyphenolic content of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) leaf infusions. J Med Food. 2009 Jun;12(3):608-14.


Extraction efficiency, quantified in terms of the total phenol (TP) content, and antioxidant capacity of infusions, evaluated by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays, were compared with cultivar type and extraction time.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
19298211 Kho YS, Vikineswary S, Abdullah N, Kuppusamy UR, Oh HI: Antioxidant capacity of fresh and processed fruit bodies and mycelium of Auricularia auricula-judae (Fr.) Quel. J Med Food. 2009 Feb;12(1):167-74.


In the present study, the methanolic extracts from fruit bodies (fresh, oven-dried, and freeze-dried) and mycelium of A. auricula-judae were evaluated for their antioxidant capacities based on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
17995859 Xu BJ, Yuan SH, Chang SK: Comparative analyses of phenolic composition, antioxidant capacity, and color of cool season legumes and other selected food legumes. J Food Sci. 2007 Mar;72(2):S167-77.


Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were used for analyzing antioxidant properties.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
19773376 Kim KW, Moretti L, Mitchell LR, Jung DK, Lu B: Combined Bcl-2/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition leads to enhanced radiosensitization via induction of apoptosis and autophagy in non-small cell lung tumor xenograft model. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;15(19):6096-105. Epub 2009 Sep 22.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
19285534 Orhan I, Senol FS, Gulpinar AR, Kartal M, Sekeroglu N, Deveci M, Kan Y, Sener B: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant properties of Cyclotrichium niveum, Thymus praecox subsp. caucasicus var. caucasicus, Echinacea purpurea and E. pallida. Food Chem Toxicol. 2009 Jun;47(6):1304-10. Epub 2009 Mar 12.


Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of CN and TP were also tested.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18662014 Theodore AE, Raghavan S, Kristinsson HG: Antioxidative activity of protein hydrolysates prepared from alkaline-aided channel catfish protein isolates. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Aug 27;56(16):7459-66. Epub 2008 Jul 29.


Hydrolyzed protein was separated into hydrolysates and soluble supernatants, and both of these fractions were studied for their metal chelating ability, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and their ability to inhibit the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in washed tilapia muscle containing tilapia hemolysate.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18817535 Adedapo AA, Jimoh FO, Afolayan AJ, Masika PJ: Antioxidant activities and phenolic contents of the methanol extracts of the stems of Acokanthera oppositifolia and Adenia gummifera. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2008 Sep 25;8:54.


The antioxidant activities of the stem extract of Acokanthera oppositifolia were determined by the 2,2'-azinobis-3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferrous reducing antioxidant property (FRAP) methods.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18803865 Adedapo AA, Jimoh FO, Koduru S, Afolayan AJ, Masika PJ: Antibacterial and antioxidant properties of the methanol extracts of the leaves and stems of Calpurnia aurea. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2008 Sep 20;8:53.


The antioxidant activities of the stem extract of Calpurnia aurea were determined by ABTS, DPPH, and ferrous reducing antioxidant property (FRAP) methods.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19036355 Xu W, Zhang F, Luo Y, Ma L, Kou X, Huang K: Antioxidant activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide purified from Pteridium aquilinum. Carbohydr Res. 2009 Jan 26;344(2):217-22. Epub 2008 Oct 29.


On the basis of the ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), DPPH radical-scavenging, the superoxide radical assay, and self-oxidation of 1,2,3-phentriol assay, the antioxidant activities of PLP were investigated.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18254708 Chrzczanowicz J, Gawron A, Zwolinska A, de Graft-Johnson J, Krajewski W, Krol M, Markowski J, Kostka T, Nowak D: Simple method for determining human serum 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity - possible application in clinical studies on dietary antioxidants. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2008;46(3):342-9.


Associations between the DPPH test and the ferric reducing ability of serum (FRAP) method, measuring total antioxidant potential, were evaluated in sera from 78 healthy non-smoking men.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17995858 Xu BJ, Chang SK: A comparative study on phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities of legumes as affected by extraction solvents. J Food Sci. 2007 Mar;72(2):S159-66.


In addition, antioxidant activities were tested using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19374265 Luqman S, Kumar R, Kaushik S, Srivastava S, Darokar MP, Khanuja SP: Antioxidant potential of the root of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash. Indian J Biochem Biophys. 2009 Feb;46(1):122-5.


Nash root were investigated using in vitro assays - the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolic content (TPC), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reducing power (RP).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18997285 Yadav AS, Bhatnagar D: Free radical scavenging activity, metal chelation and antioxidant power of some of the Indian spices. Biofactors. 2007;31(3-4):219-27.


The metal chelating activity, bleomycin dependent DNA oxidation, diphenyl-p-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and the ferric reducing /antioxidant power (FRAP) were measured in rat liver homogenate in presence of spices.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18656929 Chizzola R, Michitsch H, Franz C: Antioxidative properties of Thymus vulgaris leaves: comparison of different extracts and essential oil chemotypes. J Agric Food Chem. 2008 Aug 27;56(16):6897-904. Epub 2008 Jul 26.


The assays for antioxidative activity were the total phenolics according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method, DPPH decoloration, and Fe (3+) reduction (FRAP).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19580647 Adedapo AA, Jimoh FO, Koduru S, Masika PJ, Afolayan AJ: Assessment of the medicinal potentials of the methanol extracts of the leaves and stems of Buddleja saligna. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2009 Jul 6;9:21.


The antioxidant activities of the leaves and stem extracts of Buddleja saligna were determined by ABTS, DPPH, and ferrous reducing antioxidant property (FRAP) methods.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17967537 Foroumadi A, Samzadeh-Kermani A, Emami S, Dehghan G, Sorkhi M, Arabsorkhi F, Heidari MR, Abdollahi M, Shafiee A: Synthesis and antioxidant properties of substituted 3-benzylidene-7-alkoxychroman-4-ones. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2007 Dec 15;17(24):6764-9. Epub 2007 Oct 17.


The antioxidant activity was assessed using three methods, namely, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assays. 3-Benzylidene-7-alkoxychroman-4-one derivatives bearing catecholic group on benzylidene moiety exhibited excellent antioxidant activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19035837 Dini I, Tenore GC, Dini A: S-alkenyl cysteine sulfoxide and its antioxidant properties from Allium cepa var. tropeana (red onion) seeds. J Nat Prod. 2008 Dec;71(12):2036-7.


The antioxidant activity of an extract containing cysteine sulfoxides and compound 1 was evaluated using the FRAP and DPPH tests.
1(0,0,0,1) Details