Protein Information

Name aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Synonyms AHR; Ah receptor; AhR; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor precursor; Dioxin receptor; Ah receptors; AhRs…

Compound Information

Name ethoxyquin
CAS 6-ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19144771 Buckley DB, Klaassen CD: Induction of mouse UDP-glucuronosyltransferase mRNA expression in liver and intestine by activators of aryl-hydrocarbon receptor, constitutive androstane receptor, pregnane X receptor, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2. Drug Metab Dispos. 2009 Apr;37(4):847-56. Epub 2009 Jan 14.

Male C57BL/6 mice were treated for four consecutive days with activators of AhR [2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), polychlorinated biphenyl 126, and beta-naphthoflavone], CAR [1,4-bis [2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy)] benzene (TCPOBOP), phenobarbital, and diallyl sulfide], PXR [pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile (PCN), spironolactone, and dexamethasone], PPARalpha (clofibrate, ciprofibrate, and diethylhexylphthalate), and Nrf2 (oltipraz, ethoxyquin, and butylated hydroxyanisole), respectively.
36(0,1,1,6) Details
19695238 Lubet RA, Yao R, Grubbs CJ, You M, Wang Y: Induced expression of drug metabolizing enzymes by preventive agents: role of the antioxidant response element. Chem Biol Interact. 2009 Nov 10;182(1):22-8. Epub 2009 Aug 18.

The agents examined, which might be expected to respond via specific nuclear receptors (CAR, AhR) as well as antioxidant response elements (AREs), included Phase I/II inducers [5,6-benzoflavone (BF, 5000mg/kg diet), diallyl sulfide (DAS, 500mg/kg BW/day), ethoxyquin (EXO, 300mg/kg BW/day) and phenobarbital (PB, 500mg/kg diet)] or pure Phase II inducers [1,2-dithiol-3-thione (DTT, 500mg/kg diet), and cyclopentadithiolthione (CPDTT, 175mg/kg BW/day)].
6(0,0,1,1) Details
15919853 Cheng X, Maher J, Dieter MZ, Klaassen CD: Regulation of mouse organic anion-transporting polypeptides (Oatps) in liver by prototypical microsomal enzyme inducers that activate distinct transcription factor pathways. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Sep;33(9):1276-82. Epub 2005 May 26.

Nrf2 activators (oltipraz, ethoxyquin, and butylated hydroxyanisole) down-regulated Oatp1a1 but up-regulated Oatp2b1 mRNA expression.
Phase I enzyme induction by classes of microsomal enzyme inducers occurs via activation of transcription factors such as aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).
4(0,0,0,4) Details
15833929 Maher JM, Cheng X, Slitt AL, Dieter MZ, Klaassen CD: Induction of the multidrug resistance-associated protein family of transporters by chemical activators of receptor-mediated pathways in mouse liver. Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Jul;33(7):956-62. Epub 2005 Apr 15.

The Nrf2 activators (butylated hydroxyanisole, oltipraz, and ethoxyquin) induced Mrp2-6.
To test the hypothesis that Mrp expression may be coordinately regulated with phase I enzyme expression in liver, 15 different compounds were given representing known transcriptionally mediated pathways: aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), pregnane X receptor (PXR), constitutive androstane receptor (CAR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha), and nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16790489 Berdikova Bohne VJ, Hamre K, Arukwe A: Hepatic biotransformation and metabolite profile during a 2-week depuration period in Atlantic salmon fed graded levels of the synthetic antioxidant, ethoxyquin. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Sep;93(1):11-21. Epub 2006 Jun 21.

While the low-EQ-feeding group showed a time-specific increase of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mRNA expression, the medium-dose group showed decreased AhR mRNA at depuration day 7.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12011477 Johnson DR, Klaassen CD: Regulation of rat multidrug resistance protein 2 by classes of prototypical microsomal enzyme inducers that activate distinct transcription pathways. Toxicol Sci. 2002 Jun;67(2):182-9.

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor (AhR) ligands/cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A inducers, constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) ligands/CYP2B inducers, pregnane-X receptor (PXR) ligands/CYP3A inducers, peroxisomal proliferator-activating receptor-alpha (PPARalpha) ligands/CYP4A inducers, antioxidant/electrophile response element (ARE/EpRE) ligands, CYP2E1 inducers, or control vehicle.
Mrp2 protein levels were significantly increased by all 3 PXR ligands/CYP3A inducers (pregnenolone-16alpha-carbonitrile [PCN], spironolactone [SP], and dexamethasone [DEX]) and by both ARE/EpRE ligands (ethoxyquin [EQ] and oltipraz [OPZ]).
1(0,0,0,1) Details