Protein Information

Name interleukin 2
Synonyms Aldesleukin; IL 2; IL2; Interleukin 2; Interleukin 2 precursor; T cell growth factor; TCGF; lymphokine…

Compound Information

Name MAA
CAS methylarsonic acid

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
20207845 Sloand EM, Olnes MJ, Weinstein B, Wu C, Maciejewski J, Scheinberg P, Young NS: Long-term follow-up of patients with moderate aplastic anemia and pure red cell aplasia treated with daclizumab. Haematologica. 2010 Mar;95(3):382-7.

Previously, we described short-term improvements in blood counts in two pilot studies treating moderate aplastic anemia (mAA) and pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) patients with daclizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody to the interleukin-2 receptor; we now report our long-term experience with a larger cohort of patients.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
18832572 Matta B, Jha P, Bora PS, Bora NS: Tolerance to melanin-associated antigen in autoimmune uveitis is mediated by CD4+CD25+ T-regulatory cells. Am J Pathol. 2008 Nov;173(5):1440-54. Epub 2008 Oct 2.


Expression levels of both interleukin-10 and transforming growth factor-beta2 were elevated whereas reduced levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-2 were detected in tolerance-induced animals.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9060545 Du Bois JS, Trehu EG, Mier JW, Shapiro L, Epstein M, Klempner M, Dinarello C, Kappler K, Ronayne L, Rand W, Atkins MB: Randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of high-dose interleukin-2 in combination with a soluble p75 tumor necrosis factor receptor immunoglobulin G chimera in patients with advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 1997 Mar;15(3):1052-62.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
7496156 Kim TS, Xu WS, Sun T, Cohen EP: Immunization with interleukin-2/interferon-gamma double cytokine-secreting allogeneic fibroblasts prolongs the survival of mice with melanoma. Melanoma Res. 1995 Aug;5(4):217-27.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
8081557 Kim TS, Cohen EP: Immunization of mice with allogeneic fibroblasts genetically modified for interleukin-2-secretion and expression of melanoma-associated antigens stimulate predetermined classes of anti-melanoma effector cells. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol. 1994 Jul;16(1):24-35.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
16061683 Wang X, Ko EC, Peng L, Gillies SD, Ferrone S: Human high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen mimicry by mouse anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody MK2-23: enhancement of immunogenicity of anti-idiotypic monoclonal antibody MK2-23 by fusion with interleukin 2. Cancer Res. 2005 Aug 1;65(15):6976-83.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
8244584 Kim TS, Russell SJ, Collins MK, Cohen EP: Immunization with interleukin-2-secreting allogeneic mouse fibroblasts expressing melanoma-associated antigens prolongs the survival of mice with melanoma. Int J Cancer. 1993 Nov 11;55(5):865-72.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
1934567 Imai R, Miura J, Takamori K, Ogawa H: Increased HLA-DR+ T-lymphocyte population in peripheral blood of alopecia areata. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1991 May;16(3):176-80.

The populations of activated T-cell subsets [HLA-DR (+)-Leu 4+ cells, interleukin 2 receptor positive (IL-2R+)-Leu 4+ cells] in the peripheral blood of patients with alopecia areata (AA) were investigated using double direct immunofluorescence staining.
Fifty-eight patients with AA were classified into one of three types: those with inactive single AA (type 1) lesions, active multiple alopecia areata (MAA) lesions and active alopecia totalis (AT) (type 2) and chronic alopecia universalis (AU) (type 3).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9456431 Kim CJ, Parkinson DR, Marincola F: Immunodominance across HLA polymorphism: implications for cancer immunotherapy. J Immunother. 1998 Jan;21(1):1-16.


Recent advances in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to tumor recognition by the immune system have shown that, at least in the case of human melanoma, the majority of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) identified in association with in vivo tumor regression after interleukin-2 therapy recognize nonmutated molecules expressed by most melanoma cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12881307 Maciejewski JP, Sloand EM, Nunez O, Boss C, Young NS: Recombinant humanized anti-IL-2 receptor antibody (daclizumab) produces responses in patients with moderate aplastic anemia. Blood. 2003 Nov 15;102(10):3584-6. Epub 2003 Jul 24.

In this study, we examined the efficacy of a humanized monoclonal antibody recognizing interleukin-2 receptor (daclizumab), which has proven to be a successful immunosuppressive agent in solid organ and bone marrow transplantation.
We treated 17 patients with moderate aplastic anemia (mAA) with 1 mg/kg every 2 weeks for 3 months. mAA was defined as depression of 2 of the 3 blood counts: absolute neutrophil count 1200/mm3 or less, platelet count 70,000/mm3 or less, hemoglobin level 8.5 g/dL or lower, and absolute reticulocyte count 60,000/mm3 or less.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3093392 Anichini A, Mortarini R, Fossati G, Parmiani G: Phenotypic profile of clones from early cultures of human metastatic melanomas and its modulation by recombinant interferon gamma. Int J Cancer. 1986 Oct 15;38(4):505-11.


Taken together these results indicate that antigenic heterogeneity for MAA and HLA antigens can be detected in cells isolated from early cultures of human metastatic melanomas and suggest that the original uncloned tumor might be considered as a complex mixed population made up of a number of neoplastic cells each expressing a distinct phenotype which can be modulated by lymphokines such as IFN-gamma.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1853347 Smialowicz RJ, Riddle MM, Luebke RW, Copeland CB, Andrews D, Rogers RR, Gray LE, Laskey JW: Immunotoxicity of 2-methoxyethanol following oral administration in Fischer 344 rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Jul;109(3):494-506.


Interleukin-2 production was reduced in splenocytes from rats exposed to all dosages of ME.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1533203 Kim TS, Russell SJ, Collins MK, Cohen EP: Immunity to B16 melanoma in mice immunized with IL-2-secreting allogeneic mouse fibroblasts expressing melanoma-associated antigens. Int J Cancer. 1992 May 8;51(2):283-9.


Tumour immunity develops in mice immunized with tumour cells modified by the introduction of cDNA for interleukin-2 (IL-2).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7904182 Kim TS, Collins MK, Cohen EP: Independent cell types are involved in the induction of antimelanoma responses in C57BL/6 mice immunized with interleukin-2-secreting allogeneic mouse fibroblasts expressing melanoma-associated antigens. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol. 1993 Nov;14(4):298-304.

1(0,0,0,1) Details