Protein Information

Name TNFalpha
Synonyms Cachectin; DIF; TNF; TNF alpha; TNF a; TNFA; TNFSF 2; TNFSF2…

Compound Information

Name SMA
CAS sodium 2-chloroacetate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19250650 Urtasun R, Cubero FJ, Vera M, Nieto N: Reactive nitrogen species switch on early extracellular matrix remodeling via induction of MMP1 and TNFalpha. Gastroenterology. 2009 Apr;136(4):1410-22

There was a time- and dose-dependent down-regulation of collagen I and alpha-Sma proteins and up-regulation of MMP1 and TNFalpha, indicating decreased HSC activation.
34(0,1,1,4) Details
20064200 Mattyasovszky SG, Hofmann A, Brochhausen C, Ritz U, Kuhn S, Wollstadter J, Schulze-Koops H, Muller LP, Watzer B, Rommens PM: The effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha on human joint capsule myofibroblasts. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010 Jan 8;12(1):R4.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
17660075 Dwivedi AJ, Wu R, Nguyen E, Higuchi S, Wang H, Krishnasastry K, Marini CP, Ravikumar TS, Wang P: Adrenomedullin and adrenomedullin binding protein-1 prevent acute lung injury after gut ischemia-reperfusion. J Am Coll Surg. 2007 Aug;205(2):284-93. Epub 2007 Jun 21.


Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 gene expression and their protein levels in the lungs were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18176958 Chen WX, Wang F, Liu YY, Zeng QJ, Sun K, Xue X, Li X, Yang JY, An LH, Hu BH, Yang JH, Wang CS, Li ZX, Liu LY, Li Y, Zheng J, Liao FL, Han D, Fan JY, Han JY: Effect of notoginsenoside R1 on hepatic microcirculation disturbance induced by gut ischemia and reperfusion. Gut. 2010 Apr;59(4):531-41. Epub 2009 Dec 8.


The expression of adhesion molecules CD11b/CD18 in neutrophils and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) in plasma were evaluated by flow cytometry.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20089260 Campbell MT, Hile KL, Zhang H, Asanuma H, Vanderbrink BA, Rink RR, Meldrum KK: Toll-Like Receptor 4: A Novel Signaling Pathway During Renal Fibrogenesis. J Surg Res. 2009 Oct 23.


The kidneys were harvested and tissues were analyzed for TLR4 expression (Western blot; RTPCR), E-cadherin and alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) expression (Western blot), fibroblast accumulation (fibroblast specific protein (FSP-1+) staining), renal fibrosis (collagen I RTPCR, total collagen assay, Masson's trichrome staining), cytokine gene expression (tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) RTPCR), and pSMAD2 and integrin alpha1 expression (Western blot).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20007519 McNearney TA, Ma Y, Chen Y, Taglialatela G, Yin H, Zhang WR, Westlund KN: A peripheral neuroimmune link: glutamate agonists upregulate NMDA NR1 receptor mRNA and protein, vimentin, TNF-alpha, and RANTES in cultured human synoviocytes. World J Gastroenterol. 2008 Jan 7;14(1):29-37.


Coincubation (6 h) with glutamate agonists NMDA (5 microM), and the NMDA NR1 glycine site activator (+/-) 1-aminocyclopentane-cis-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (5 muM), significantly increases cellular mRNA and protein levels of glutamate receptors, as well as increasing vimentin, SMA, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted), assessed qualitatively and quantitatively with nucleotide amplification, image analysis of immunocytochemical staining, fluorescein-activated cell sorting, Western blotting, and immunoassays.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19996325 Nishida A, Andoh A, Imaeda H, Inatomi O, Shiomi H, Fujiyama Y: Expression of interleukin 1-like cytokine interleukin 33 and its receptor complex (ST2L and IL1RAcP) in human pancreatic myofibroblasts. Cell Transplant. 2009;18(8):869-86. Epub 2009 Apr 9.


In human pancreatic myofibroblasts, IL33 was weakly immunoexpressed without any stimuli, and this was markedly enhanced by IL1beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-dependent AP-1 activation pathway.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19765451 Ozdemir BH, Bilezikci B, Haberal M: Hepatic stellate cells in hepatitis C patients: relationship with the development of interstitial fibrosis in renal allografts. Transplant Proc. 2009 Sep;41(7):2838-40.


We evaluated the density of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in liver biopsies and the expression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) on tubules of renal allografts from the same patients.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19376089 Szuster-Ciesielska A, Plewka K, Daniluk J, Kandefer-Szerszen M: Zinc supplementation attenuates ethanol- and acetaldehyde-induced liver stellate cell activation by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and by influencing intracellular signaling. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Aug 1;78(3):301-14. Epub 2009 Apr 17.


METHODS: Assessed was the influence of preincubation of rat HSCs with 30 microM ZnCl2 on ethanol- (in the presence of 4-methyl pyrazole (4-MP)) or acetaldehyde-induced toxicity, apoptosis, migration, expression of smooth muscle alpha-actin (alpha-SMA) and procollagen I, release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), tumor growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) production.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19459046 Xu ZJ, Fan JG, Ding XD, Qiao L, Wang GL: Characterization of high-fat, diet-induced, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis with fibrosis in rats. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2010 Feb;30(2):270-4.


Serum levels of fasting glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), free fatty acids (FFA), insulin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19500472 Chang YS, Oh W, Choi SJ, Sung DK, Kim SY, Choi EY, Kang S, Jin HJ, Yang YS, Park WS: Human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells attenuate hyperoxia-induced lung injury in neonatal rats. Dig Dis Sci. 2010 Apr;55(4):931-40. Epub 2009 May 21.


At P14, the harvested lungs were examined for morphometric analyses of alveolarization and TUNEL staining, as well as the myeoloperoxidase activity, the level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta mRNA, alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA) protein, and collagen levels.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20144743 Pulavendran S, Vignesh J, Rose C: Differential anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activity of transplanted mesenchymal vs. hematopoietic stem cells in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol. 2010 Apr;10(4):513-9. Epub 2010 Feb 6.


Immunostaining for the expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin 6 (IL-6), alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and type I collagen proteins was carried out and the expression of these mRNAs was also studied.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19345372 Liu KX, Li YS, Huang WQ, Li C, Liu JX, Li Y: Immediate but not delayed postconditioning during reperfusion attenuates acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats: comparison with ischemic preconditioning. J Surg Res. 2009 Nov;157(1):e55-62. Epub 2008 Dec 13.


RESULTS: Histologic results showed severe damage in rat lungs in the injury group evidenced by increased lung wet/dry weight ratio and pulmonary permeability index, which was accompanied by increases in the levels of plasma TNFalpha and IL-6, the pulmonary malondialdehyde (MDA), and the pulmonary myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19723340 Weng TC, Shen CC, Chiu YT, Lin YL, Kuo CD, Huang YT: Inhibitory effects of armepavine against hepatic fibrosis in rats. J Biomed Sci. 2009 Sep 2;16:78.


A cell line of rat HSCs (HSC-T6) was stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evaluate the inhibitory effects of Arm.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20062961 Vercelino R, Crespo I, de Souza GF, Cuevas MJ, de Oliveira MG, Marroni NP, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Tunon MJ: S-nitroso-N-acetylcysteine attenuates liver fibrosis in cirrhotic rats. Mol Pharm. 2009 May-Jun;6(3):772-9.


SNAC down-regulated expression of collagen 1 alpha, alpha-SMA, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, tumor growth factor-beta, metalloproteinase-2, metalloproteinase inhibitor 1, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and PDGF receptor in CBDL rats.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19388665 Cheng K, Yang N, Mahato RI: TGF-beta1 gene silencing for treating liver fibrosis. . e1-4. Epub 2009 Jan 6.


Furthermore, TGF-beta1 gene silencing in HSC-T6 cells significantly decreased the levels of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20159698 He Y, Chen BL, Yang RP, Ren M, Zeng ZR: [Comparison of the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis induced by pig serum exposure and bile duct ligation in rats.]. J Mol Med. 2010 Apr;88(4):401-11. Epub 2010 Jan 9.


Quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) analysis was employed to quantify the mRNA expression of the genes related to inflammation, including interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), transforming growth factor-beta, platelet-derived growth factor A, as well as the genes associated with fibrogenesis, namely collagen 1, alphaSMA, MMP-9 and TIMP-1.
1(0,0,0,1) Details