Protein Information

Name alanine aminotransferase
Synonyms AAT1; AAT1; GPT; ALT 1; ALT1; Alanine aminotransferase; Alanine aminotransferase 1; GPT 1…

Compound Information

Name ferrous sulfate
CAS sulfuric acid iron(2+) salt (1:1)

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9556161 Moon JO, Park SK, Nagano T: Hepatoprotective effect of Fe-TPEN on carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 1998 Mar;21(3):284-8.


This complex inhibited the elevation of serum alanine aminotransferase (AST) and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) levels in CCl4 induced liver injuries, and improved submassive necrosis and fatty degeneration of the hepatocytes.
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15526409 Hemalatha S, Raghunath M, Ghafoorunissa: Dietary sesame oils inhibits iron-induced oxidative stress in rats [corrected]. Br J Nutr. 2004 Oct;92(4):581-7.

After 45 d of feeding, eight rats from each group were injected with saline (9 g Na Cl/l, controls) intraperitoneally while the remaining eight rats were injected with 30 mg Fe2+/kg body weight as ferrous sulfate in normal saline.
Compared with those fed groundnut oil (group 1), sesame oil-fed rats (groups 2 and 3) had lower levels of hepatic thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, serum glutamate:oxaloacetate transaminase activities and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase activities, indicating protection against Fe-induced oxidative stress.
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11054855 Bhattacharya A, Ramanathan M, Ghosal S, Bhattacharya SK: Effect of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides on iron-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Phytother Res. 2000 Nov;14(7):568-70.


Apart from hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO), the serum enzymes, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, were assessed as indices of hepatotoxicity.
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15824650 Keller SA, Paxian M, Ashburn JH, Clemens MG, Huynh T: Kupffer cell ablation improves hepatic microcirculation after trauma and sepsis. J Trauma. 2005 Apr;58(4):740-9; discussion 749-51.


Liver damage was estimated by alanine aminotransferase levels.
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10839222 Bhattacharya A, Kumar M, Ghosal S, Bhattacharya SK: Effect of bioactive tannoid principles of Emblica officinalis on iron-induced hepatic toxicity in rats. Phytomedicine. 2000 Apr;7(2):173-5.


In the present study, an emblicanin A (37%) and B (33%) enriched fraction of fresh juice of Emblica fruits (EOT), administered prophylactically (10, 20 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.) for 10 consecutive day, was found to inhibit acute iron overload (30 mg/kg, i.p.) hepatic lipid peroxidation and the increase of serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, used as markers of the induced hepatic dysfunction.
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8728501 Gibson JD, Pumford NR, Samokyszyn VM, Hinson JA: Mechanism of acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity: covalent binding versus oxidative stress. Chem Res Toxicol. 1996 Apr-May;9(3):580-5.

Acetaminophen plus FeSO4 treatment of mice significantly increased serum alanine aminotransferase levels at 2, 4, and 6 h compared to controls.
Levels of alanine aminotransferase in serum of acetaminophen plus ferrous sulfate-treated mice were higher at 4 and 6 h than those of acetaminophen-treated mice, but not significantly different.
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6558984 Harvey MJ, Klaassen CD: Interaction of metals and carbon tetrachloride on lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 Dec;71(3):316-22.

Rats were administered ferrous sulfate, cadmium chloride, or sodium vanadate alone and in combination with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) to determine if lipid peroxidation is associated with the toxicity of the three metals and to determine if there is an interaction between these metals and CCl4 in producing lipid peroxidation and hepatotoxicity.
Expired ethane was used as an index of lipid peroxidation while serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and histopathology were used to assess liver damage.
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