| Name | glutathione S transferase |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2… |
| Name | atrazine |
|---|---|
| CAS |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16777423 | Nemat Alla MM, Hassan NM: Changes of antioxidants levels in two maize lines following atrazine treatments. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2006 Apr;44(4):202-10. Epub 2006 Jun 5. Meanwhile, (AsA) and (GSH) contents were significantly decreased along with significant inhibitions in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.7), peroxidase (GPX; EC 1.11.1.7), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10677378 | Favaloro B, Tamburro A, Trofino MA, Bologna L, Rotilio D, Heipieper HJ: Modulation of the glutathione S-transferase in Ochrobactrum anthropi: function of xenobiotic substrates and other forms of stress. Biochem J. 2000 Mar 1;346 Pt 2:553-9. The gluthathione S-transferase gene of the atrazine-degrading bacterium Ochrobactrum anthropi (OaGST) encodes a single-subunit polypeptide of 201 amino acid residues (Favaloro et al. 1998, Biochem. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18405832 | Poupardin R, Reynaud S, Strode C, Ranson H, Vontas J, David JP: Cross-induction of detoxification genes by environmental xenobiotics and insecticides in the mosquito Aedes aegypti: impact on larval tolerance to chemical insecticides. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2008 May;38(5):540-51. Epub 2008 Feb 5. The effect of exposure of Aedes aegypti larvae to sub-lethal doses of the pyrethroid insecticide permethrin, the organophosphate temephos, the herbicide atrazine, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fluoranthene and the heavy metal on their subsequent tolerance to insecticides, detoxification enzyme activities and expression of detoxification genes was investigated. Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases activities were induced in larvae exposed to permethrin, fluoranthene and while glutathione S-transferase activities were induced after exposure to fluoranthene and repressed after exposure to |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18053238 | Ramel F, Sulmon C, Cabello-Hurtado F, Taconnat L, Martin-Magniette ML, Renou JP, El Amrani A, Couee I, Gouesbet G: Genome-wide interacting effects of and herbicide-mediated stress in Arabidopsis thaliana: novel insights into atrazine toxicity and -induced tolerance. BMC Genomics. 2007 Dec 5;8:450. CONCLUSION: These interactions resulted in characteristic differential expression of gene families such as peroxidases, glutathione-S-transferases and cytochrome P450s, and in the early induction of an original set of transcription factors. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19672647 | Abarikwu SO, Adesiyan AC, Oyeloja TO, Oyeyemi MO, Farombi EO: Changes in Sperm Characteristics and Induction of Oxidative Stress in the Testis and Epididymis of Experimental Rats by a Herbicide, Atrazine. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009 Aug 12. In comparison to control, (GSH) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activities were elevated in the high-dose group, whereas the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT); (AA), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and peroxide production were unchanged in the testis during the 7-day-exposure protocol. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 2663648 | Wosnick MA, Barnett RW, Carlson JE: Total chemical synthesis and expression in Escherichia coli of a maize glutathione-transferase (GST) gene. Gene. 1989 Mar 15;76(1):153-60. We have constructed a totally synthetic gene encoding a maize glutathione S-transferase (GST I). The biological activity of the GST I enzyme produced in E. coli was monitored by assaying bacterial extracts for the ability to conjugate [14C] atrazine in the presence of |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 1784837 | Ugazio G, Bosio A, Nebbia C, Soffietti MG: Age- and sex-related effects on hepatic drug metabolism in rats chronically exposed to dietary atrazine. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1991 Aug;73(2):231-43. At this age, induction involved also the cytosolic glutathione S-transferase, a phase II enzyme. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16168746 | Reichert K, Menzel R: Expression profiling of five different xenobiotics using a Caenorhabditis elegans whole genome microarray. Chemosphere. 2005 Oct;61(2):229-37. The exposure time for the following five applied compounds beta-NF (5 mg/l), Fla (0.5 mg/l), atrazine (25 mg/l), clofibrate (10 mg/l) and DES (0.5 mg/l) was 48+/-5 h. The analysis of the data showed a clear induction of 203 genes belonging to different families like the cytochromes P450, UDP-glucoronosyltransferases (UDPGT), glutathione S-transferases (GST), carboxylesterases, collagenes, C-type lectins and others. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16740295 | Mayon N, Bertrand A, Leroy D, Malbrouck C, Mandiki SN, Silvestre F, Goffart A, Thome JP, Kestemont P: Multiscale approach of fish responses to different types of environmental contaminations: a case study. Sci Total Environ. 2006 Aug 31;367(2-3):715-31. Epub 2006 Jun 5. The results showed impaired responses in fish sampled downstream paper mill effluents (BKME), in a polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) contaminated site, and in a river receiving pesticides (i.e. atrazine and hexachlorocyclohexane). |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 16668137 | Anderson MP, Gronwald JW: Atrazine Resistance in a Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti) Biotype Due to Enhanced Glutathione S-Transferase Activity. Plant Physiol. 1991 May;96(1):104-109. In both biotypes, the highest concentration of glutathione S-transferase activity measured with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene or atrazine as substrate was in leaf tissue. |
155(0,4,9,10) | Details |
| 10870180 | Pflugmacher S, Schroder P, Sandermann H Jr: Taxonomic distribution of plant glutathione S-transferases acting on xenobiotics. Phytochemistry. 2000 Jun;54(3):267-73. Soluble and microsomal glutathione S-transferase activities for five model xenobiotics (nitrobenzene derivatives), two pesticidal xenobiotics (atrazine and fluorodifen), and a natural substrate were determined in 59 different plant species and four plant cell suspension cultures. |
83(1,1,1,3) | Details |
| 16042344 | Marcacci S, Raventon M, Ravanel P, Schwitzguebel JP: The possible role of hydroxylation in the detoxification of atrazine in mature vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides Nash) grown in hydroponics. Z Naturforsch C. 2005 May-Jun;60(5-6):427-34. Plants known to metabolise atrazine rely on hydroxylation mediated by benzoxazinones, conjugation catalyzed by glutathione-S-transferases and dealkylation probably mediated by cytochromes P450. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 20083397 | Adesiyan AC, Oyejola TO, Abarikwu SO, Oyeyemi MO, Farombi EO: provides protection to the liver but not the reproductive organs in an atrazine-model of experimental toxicity. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Jan 16. Atrazine administered to rats orally at a dose of 120mg/kg caused an inhibition in the activity of glutathione-S-transferase and an increase in malondialdehyde formation in the liver, testis and epididymis. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 7749601 | Egaas E, Falls JG, Dauterman WC: A study of gender, strain and age differences in mouse liver glutathione-S-transferase. Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1995 Jan;110(1):35-40. The hepatic cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in four strains of the mouse and one strain of the rat was studied with the substrates 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB), ethachrynic acid (ETHA), cumene hydroperoxide (CU) and atrazine as the in vitro substrates. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 5543779 | Shimabukuro RH, Frear DS, Swanson HR, Walsh WC: conjugation. Plant Physiol. 1971 Jan;47(1):10-4. The primary factor for atrazine selectivity in corn (Zea mays) is the activity of a soluble enzyme, glutathione S-transferase, which detoxifies atrazine by catalyzing the formation of an atrazine- conjugate (GS-atrazine). |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 16510128 | Patel S, Singh V, Kumar A, Gupta YK, Singh MP: Status of antioxidant defense system and expression of toxicant responsive genes in striatum of maneb- and paraquat-induced Parkinson's disease phenotype in mouse: mechanism of neurodegeneration. Brain Res. 2006 Apr 7;1081(1):9-18. Epub 2006 Feb 28. The involvement of cytochrome P4502E1 and glutathione S-transferases A4-4 enzymes in the detoxification of several pesticides such as atrazine, fenamirol, organophosphorous insecticide parathion, methoxychlor, diethyl dithiocarbamate and paraquat has been known. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 16876710 | Le Goff G, Hilliou F, Siegfried BD, Boundy S, Wajnberg E, Sofer L, Audant P, ffrench-Constant RH, Feyereisen R: Xenobiotic response in Drosophila melanogaster: sex dependence of P450 and GST gene induction. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Aug;36(8):674-82. Epub 2006 May 25. Eleven CYP genes and three glutathione S-transferases (GST) genes were significantly induced by phenobarbital, seven CYP and one GST gene were induced by atrazine. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 15115887 | Abel EL, Opp SM, Verlinde CL, Bammler TK, Eaton DL: Characterization of atrazine biotransformation by human and murine glutathione S-transferases. Toxicol Sci. 2004 Aug;80(2):230-8. Epub 2004 Apr 28. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 11083022 | Egaas E: Effects of atrazine, endosulfan and butylated hydroxyanisole on glutathione-S-transferases in Orthosia gothica. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2000 Sep;127(2):117-22. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 17868770 | Contardo-Jara V, Wiegand C: Biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes of Lumbriculus variegates as biomarkers of contaminated sediment exposure. Chemosphere. 2008 Feb;70(10):1879-88. Epub 2007 Sep 14. The response capacity of the biotransformation system phase II enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and the oxidative defense enzyme catalase (CAT) to contaminated sediment and atrazine was investigated to establish them as sensitive biomarkers. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 20136348 | Singh M, Sandhir R, Kiran R: Oxidative stress induced by atrazine in rat erythrocytes: mitigating effect of Toxicol Mech Methods. 2010 Mar;20(3):119-26. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, and glutathione-s-transferase were found to be increased significantly in the erythrocytes accompanied by a decrease in the activity of the -6-phosophate dehydrogenase, following atrazine exposure. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 16865602 | Rakotondravelo ML, Anderson TD, Charlton RE, Zhu KY: Sublethal effects of three pesticides on activities of selected target and detoxification enzymes in the aquatic midge, Chironomus tentans (diptera: chironomidae). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2006 Oct;51(3):360-6. Epub 2006 Jul 21. Sublethal effects of three pesticides including atrazine (triazine herbicide), DDT (organochlorinated insecticide), and chlorpyrifos (organophosphate insecticide) on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), general esterase (GE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) activities were evaluated in the aquatic midge Chironomus tentans. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 11678611 | Tchounwou PB, Wilson BA, Ishaque AB, Schneider J: Atrazine potentiation of arsenic trioxide-induced cytotoxicity and gene expression in human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2). Mol Cell Biochem. 2001 Jun;222(1-2):49-59. Co-exposure of HepG2 cells to atrazine also resulted in a significant increase in the potency of arsenic trioxide to upregulate a number of stress genes including those of the glutathione-S-transferase Ya subunit--GST Ya, metallothioneinIIa--HMTIIA, 70-kDa heat shock protein--HSP70, c-fos, 153-kDa growth arrest and DNA damage (GADD153), 45-kDa growth arrest and DNA damage (GADD45), and 78-kDa glucose regulated protein--GRP78 promoters, as well as the xenobiotic response element--XRE, tumor suppressor protein response element--p53RE, cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element--CRE, and response element--RARE. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 20138743 | Singh M, Sandhir R, Kiran R: Effects on antioxidant status of liver following atrazine exposure and its attenuation by Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2010 Feb 6. The activities of antioxidant enzymes: superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione-s-transferase were significantly increased following atrazine administration and treatment could restore these activities. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 10648131 | Wiegand C, Pflugmacher S, Giese M, Frank H, Steinberg C: Uptake, toxicity, and effects on detoxication enzymes of atrazine and trifluoroacetate in embryos of zebrafish. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2000 Feb;45(2):122-31. Furthermore, the effects of these xenobiotics on soluble (s) and microsomal (m) glutathione S-transferases (GST) of zebrafish embryos were investigated using 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), 1,2-dichloro-4-nitrobenzene (DCNB), and [(14) C] atrazine. [(14) C] Atrazine was taken up by the embryos within seconds, unhindered by the chorions. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 16397785 | Sulmon C, Gouesbet G, Amrani AE, Couee I: -induced tolerance to the herbicide atrazine in Arabidopsis seedlings involves activation of oxidative and xenobiotic stress responses. Plant Cell Rep. 2006 May;25(5):489-98. Epub 2006 Jan 6. Moreover, acquisition of protection was shown to unmask atrazine-induced gene expression, such as that of a cytosolic glutathione-S-transferase, which remained otherwise cryptic because of the lethal effects of atrazine in the absence of soluble sugars. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 11440472 | Wiegand C, Krause E, Steinberg C, Pflugmacher S: Toxicokinetics of atrazine in embryos of the zebrafish (Danio rerio). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2001 Jul;49(3):199-205. Teratogeny of atrazine was examined during the first 48 h of zebrafish development (embryo test) and correlated to effects on the microsomal and soluble glutathione S-transferases (m-/sGST; EC 2.5.1.18). |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 15556969 | Labrou NE, Kotzia GA, Clonis YD: Engineering the xenobiotic substrate specificity of maize glutathione S-transferase I. Protein Eng Des Sel. 2004 Oct;17(10):741-8. Epub 2004 Nov 19. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17184855 | Trute M, Gallis B, Doneanu C, Shaffer S, Goodlett D, Gallagher E: Characterization of hepatic glutathione S-transferases in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). Aquat Toxicol. 2007 Feb 28;81(2):126-36. Epub 2006 Nov 24. However, there was no observable cytosolic GST activity towards the pesticides methyl parathion or atrazine, or products of oxidative stress, such as cumene hydroperoxide and |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17669266 | Cho HY, Lee HJ, Kong KH: A phi class glutathione S-transferase from Oryza sativa (OsGSTF5): molecular cloning, expression and biochemical characteristics. J Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Jul 31;40(4):511-6. The OsGSTF5 also had high activities towards the herbicides alachlor, atrazine and metolachlor. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18607078 | Cho HY, Kong KH: Study on the biochemical characterization of herbicide detoxification enzyme, glutathione S-transferase. Biofactors. 2007;30(4):281-7. The hGSTP1-1 showed very high specific activity toward atrazine. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 8278547 | Mauch F, Dudler R: Differential induction of distinct glutathione-S-transferases of wheat by xenobiotics and by pathogen attack. Plant Physiol. 1993 Aug;102(4):1193-201. This GST25 and an additional immunoreactive protein named GST26 were strongly induced by cadmium and by the herbicides atrazine, paraquat, and alachlor, but not by pathogen attack. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15906083 | Labrou NE, Karavangeli M, Tsaftaris A, Clonis YD: Kinetic analysis of maize glutathione S-transferase I catalysing the detoxification from chloroacetanilide herbicides. Planta. 2005 Sep;222(1):91-7. Epub 2005 May 20. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9817846 | Prade L, Huber R, Bieseler B: Structures of herbicides in complex with their detoxifying enzyme glutathione S-transferase - explanations for the selectivity of the enzyme in plants. Structure. 1998 Nov 15;6(11):1445-52. RESULTS: We have solved the structures of GST-I from maize in complex with an atrazine- conjugate (at 2.8 A resolution) and GST from Arabidopsis thaliana (araGST) in complex with an FOE-4053- conjugate (at 2.6 A resolution). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 7873571 | Egaas E, Falls JG, Svendsen NO, Ramstad H, Skaare JU, Dauterman WC: Strain- and sex-specific differences in the glutathione S-transferase class pi in the mouse examined by gradient elution of the -affinity matrix and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Feb 23;1243(2):256-64. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |