| Name | alcohol dehydrogenase (protein family or complex) |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | ADH; alcohol dehydrogenase; alcohol dehydrogenases |
| Name | cyanamide |
|---|---|
| CAS | cyanamide |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8843167 | Svensson S, Lundsjo A, Cronholm T, Hoog JO: dismutase activity of human liver alcohol dehydrogenase. . FEBS Lett. 1996 Sep 30;394(2):217-20. The class I beta1beta1 isozyme and the class II alcohol dehydrogenase showed moderate catalytic efficiencies for dismutase activity with lower kcat values, 60-75 min (-1). 4-Methylpyrazole, a potent class I ADH inhibitor, inhibited the class I dismutation completely, but cyanamide, an inhibitor of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase, did not affect the dismutation. |
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| 3612528 | Ghanayem BI, Burka LT, Matthews HB: Metabolic basis of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (2-butoxyethanol) toxicity: role of and aldehyde dehydrogenases. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1987 Jul;242(1):222-31. Pretreatment of rats with cyanamide (aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor) also significantly protected rats against BE-induced hematotoxicity and modified BE metabolism in a manner similar to that caused by pyrazole. Treatment of rats with pyrazole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) protected rats against BE-induced hematotoxicity and inhibited BE metabolism to BAA. |
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| 1632841 | Aragon CM, Rogan F, Amit Z: metabolism in rat brain homogenates by a catalase-H2O2 system. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Jul 7;44(1):93-8. Homogenates of perfused brains of rats treated with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole or cyanamide (another H2O2-dependent catalase blocker) also showed a dose-dependent reduction of the obtained. |
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| 2394940 | Solomon LR, Crouch JY: delta-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in rat liver: studies on the effects of and B6 vitamers. J Lab Clin Med. 1990 Aug;116(2):228-36. Inactivation of ALAD by was prevented by the metabolic inhibitor NaF but not by the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide. |
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| 2499314 | Heinstra PW, Geer BW, Seykens D, Langevin M: The metabolism of -derived by alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3) in Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Biochem J. 1989 May 1;259(3):791-7. The enzymes, however, showed different inhibition patterns with respect to pyrazole, cyanamide and disulphiram. |
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| 11893554 | Duan J, McFadden GE, Borgerding AJ, Norby FL, Ren BH, Ye G, Epstein PN, Ren J: Overexpression of alcohol dehydrogenase exacerbates -induced contractile defect in cardiac myocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Apr;282(4):H1216-22. Pretreatment with the ADH inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP) or the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide prevented or augmented the -induced inhibition, respectively, in the ADH but not the FVB group. |
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| 11835630 | Burcham PC, Fontaine F: Extensive protein carbonylation precedes acrolein-mediated cell death in mouse hepatocytes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2001;15(6):309-16. Allyl hepatotoxicity is mediated by an alcohol dehydrogenase-derived biotranformation product, acrolein. Conversely, cyanamide, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor, enhanced cytotoxicity and protein carbonylation. |
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| 11033416 | Srivastava S, Dixit BL, Cai J, Sharma S, Hurst HE, Bhatnagar A, Srivastava SK: Metabolism of lipid peroxidation product, (HNE) in rat erythrocytes: role of aldose reductase. Free Radic Biol Med. 2000 Oct 1;29(7):642-51. Inhibitors of or alcohol dehydrogenase, i.e., cyanamide and 4-methyl pyrazole, had no effect on the formation of HNA and GS-DHN, indicating that these enzymes are not significant participants in the erythrocyte HNE metabolism. |
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| 11981770 | Clemens DL, Forman A, Jerrells TR, Sorrell MF, Tuma DJ: Relationship between levels and cell survival in -metabolizing hepatoma cells. Hepatology. 2002 May;35(5):1196-204. Furthermore, treatment of -metabolizing VA cells with the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor, cyanamide, increased the levels of and resulted in an additional reduction in cell number. We have created a number of recombinant Hep G2 cell lines, designated VA cells, that constitutively express alcohol dehydrogenase. |
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| 7840616 | Hartley DP, Ruth JA, Petersen DR: The hepatocellular metabolism of by alcohol dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and glutathione S-transferase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Jan 10;316(1):197-205. The presence of 4-methylpyrazole or cyanamide abolished formation of the reductive metabolite 1,4-dihydroxy-2-nonene or the oxidative metabolite 4--2-nonenoic acid in hepatocyte suspensions. |
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| 4038270 | Cronholm T: Incorporation of the 1-pro-R and 1-pro-S atoms of in the reduction of acids in the liver of intact rats and in isolated hepatocytes. Biochem J. 1985 Jul 15;229(2):323-31. Additions known to increase elimination, and cyanamide, which decreases it, had no marked effect on the 2H incorporation. This indicates equilibration of the bound to alcohol dehydrogenase with free |
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| 3178876 | Kera Y, Ohbora Y, Komura S: The metabolism of and not itself is responsible for in vivo -induced lipid peroxidation in rats. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Oct 1;37(19):3633-8. The pretreatment with alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor, 4-methylpyrazole (1 mmol/kg) caused approximately 50% inhibition of the hepatic ADH activity and abolished this -induced lipid peroxidation. The cyanamide treatment (15 mg/kg) effectively decreased 83% of the low Km and 70% of the high Km ALDH in the liver. |
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| 9113267 | Hartley DP, Petersen DR: Co-metabolism of -derived and in isolated rat hepatocytes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1997 Apr;21(2):298-304. To determine further if 4-HNE and are metabolized through the same metabolic pathways, cells were preincubated with either 4-methylpyrazole or cyanamide to inhibit alcohol dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.1.1.1.) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (E.C. 1.2.1.2.), respectively. |
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| 8442754 | Cronholm T: metabolism in isolated hepatocytes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Feb 9;45(3):553-8. Effects of methylene blue, cyanamide and penicillamine on the redox state of the bound coenzyme and on the substrate exchange at alcohol dehydrogenase.. |
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| 3218384 | Nanikawa R, Moriya F, Hashimoto Y: Experimental studies on the mechanism of formation in corpses. Z Rechtsmed. 1988;101(1):21-6. Pyrazole, cyanamide, and disulfiram completely inhibited the production of When alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and were added, production was slightly increased. |
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| 9972923 | Lee JY, Chung SM, Lee MY, Chung JH: co-exposure increases lethality of allyl in male Sprague-Dawley rats. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1999 Jan 22;56(2):121-30. Since allyl and are both metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), could affect allyl- induced toxicity under in vivo coexposure conditions. |
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| 8135858 | Nikiforov AA, Ostretsova IB: Stimulatory effect of on weak organic acid uptake in rat renal tubules. Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Mar 2;47(5):821-5. The stimulation of fluorescein uptake by (20 mM) was abolished by an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.1), pyrazole (1 mM), or an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (EC 1.2.1.3), cyanamide (0.3 mM), suggesting that oxidation of mediated its effect on the uptake. |
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| 9615272 | Altomare E, Grattagliano I, Didonna D, Gentile A, Vendemiale G: Gastric and intestinal toxicity in the rat. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1998 Feb;30(1):82-90. Cimetidine and cyanamide inhibited by 50% the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase and by 80% aldehyde dehydrogenase, respectively, in the gastric and intestinal mucosa. |
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| 2596853 | Silva JM, O'Brien PJ: Allyl - and acrolein-induced toxicity in isolated rat hepatocytes. . Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Dec;275(2):551-8. Incubation of isolated hepatocytes with allyl results in GSH depletion and subsequent cytotoxicity which is prevented by pyrazole, an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase. However, cytotoxicity of both allyl and acrolein was enhanced by the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors cyanamide and disulfiram. |
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| 11781286 | Gukovskaya AS, Mouria M, Gukovsky I, Reyes CN, Kasho VN, Faller LD, Pandol SJ: metabolism and transcription factor activation in pancreatic acinar cells in rats. Gastroenterology. 2002 Jan;122(1):106-18. decreased NF-kappa B binding activity in acinar cells, which was potentiated by cyanamide. METHODS: We measured activities of fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) synthase and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), as well as accumulation of metabolites. |
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| 3801056 | Jaeschke H, Kleinwaechter C, Wendel A: The role of acrolein in allyl -induced lipid peroxidation and liver cell damage in mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 1987 Jan 1;36(1):51-7. In vivo-inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase by pyrazole or induction of aldehyde dehydrogenase by phenobarbital abolished AA-induced liver damage as well as depletion and lipid peroxidation, while inhibition of aldehyde dehydrogenase by cyanamide made a subtoxic dose of AA (0.60 mmol/kg) highly toxic. |
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| 7894532 | Pronko P, Zimatkin S, Kuzmich A: Effect of aldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors and on blood and liver ketone bodies in the rat. Pol J Pharmacol. 1994 Sep-Oct;46(5):445-9. The effects of the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitors: cyanamide (CY) and disulfiram (DS) and the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor, pyrazole (PY) and the combination of these drugs with (ET, 3.5 g/kg, ip 6 h before decapitation) on the concentrations of rat blood and liver ketone bodies were studied. |
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| 9632053 | Nosova T, Jokelainen K, Kaihovaara P, Heine R, Jousimies-Somer H, Salaspuro M: Characteristics of aldehyde dehydrogenases of certain aerobic bacteria representing human colonic flora. Alcohol Alcohol. 1998 May-Jun;33(3):273-80. The apparent Michaelis constant (Km) values for were determined in crude extracts of five aerobic bacterial strains, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and ALDH activities of these bacteria at conditions prevailing in the human large intestine after moderate drinking were then compared. The effect of cyanamide, a potent inhibitor of mammalian ALDH, on bacterial ALDH activity was also studied. |
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| 2272522 | Rikans LE, Snowden CD, Moore DR: Influence of aging on and oxidation in female rat liver. Gerontology. 1990;36(4):185-92. Rates of metabolism by alcohol dehydrogenase, the microsomal oxidizing system (MEOS), and catalase were similar in liver preparations from young (4-5 months) and old (24-27 months) female Fischer 344 rats. Results with the ALDH inhibitor cyanamide indicated that a decline in ALDH activity of this magnitude would not increase acute hepatotoxicity. |
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| 17989515 | Tambour S, Closon C, Tirelli E, Quertemont E: Effects of cyanamide and accumulation on the locomotor stimulant and sedative effects of in mice. Behav Pharmacol. 2007 Dec;18(8):777-84. Additionally, 4-methylpyrazole, an inhibitor of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, prevented these effects of cyanamide. |
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| 3620014 | Spivak K, Aragon CM, Amit Z: Alterations in brain aldehyde dehydrogenase activity modify the locomotor effects produced by in rats. Alcohol Drug Res. 1987;7(5-6):481-91. Concurrent administration with 4-methylpyrazole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, prevents peripheral accumulation of by cyanamide. |
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| 1766365 | Heinstra PW, Geer BW: Metabolic control analysis and enzyme variation: nutritional manipulation of the flux from to lipids in Drosophila. Mol Biol Evol. 1991 Sep;8(5):703-8. The effect that variation in activities of the enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) has on the flux from 14C- to lipids was examined in third-instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans. The activities of ADH and ALDH were also nutritionally manipulated by the inhibitor, cyanamide. |
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| 12960514 | Jamal M, Ameno K, Ameno S, Okada N, Ijiri I: In vivo study of produced by a high concentration of in the striatum and nucleus accumbens of free-moving rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2003 Aug;27(8 Suppl):79S-84S. METHODS: After the insertion of a microdialysis probe, male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were treated with cyanamide (CY, a potent aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor) + (EtOH), CY + 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP, a strong alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) + EtOH, 4-MP + EtOH, CY, and 4-MP. |
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| 3508430 | Younes M, Strubelt O: -induced hepatotoxicity: a role for free radicals. Free Radic Res Commun. 1987;3(1-5):19-26. Inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase by 4-methylpyrazole or of aldehyde dehydrogenase by cyanamide totally abolished hepatotoxicity despite of a severalfold increase in concentration in the perfusate. |
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| 8861782 | Khan S, Sood C, O'Brien PJ: The involvement of cytochrome P4502E1 in 2-bromoethanol-induced hepatocyte cytotoxicity. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1996 Apr;78(4):241-8. Furthermore, aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors-cyanamide or chloral hydrate increased 2-bromoethanol dependent hepatocyte susceptibility. Alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors, methyl pyrazole or only partly prevented 2-bromoethanol induced GSH depletion, lipid peroxidation and cytotoxicity. |
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| 2807159 | Lin RC, Lumeng L: Further studies on the 37 kD liver protein- adduct that forms in vivo during chronic ingestion. Hepatology. 1989 Nov;10(5):807-14. When immunoblotted with anti-alcohol dehydrogenase and anti-aldehyde dehydrogenase antibodies, the alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase bands in liver of -fed rats showed identical intensities before and after immunosorption.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) Addition of cyanamide, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor, to the AIN'76 diet greatly increased the intensity of the 37-kD protein- adduct band on electroimmunotransblot but did not produce other bands. |
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| 10723960 | Ijiri I: [Biological actions of . Nihon Hoigaku Zasshi. 1999 Nov;53(3):285-95. After pretreatment with cyanamide (CY), a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, or pyrazole (PY), a potent inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, a 17% EtOH solution (0.4 g/kg) was administered into the jejunum segment, and 150 min after the administration of EtOH, the fluid from the segment was collected to determine its volume and EtOH concentration. |
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| 11022051 | Galli A, Pinaire J, Fischer M, Dorris R, Crabb DW: The transcriptional and DNA binding activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha is inhibited by metabolism. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jan 5;276(1):68-75. This effect of was abolished by the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole and augmented by the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide, indicating that was responsible for the action of |
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| 7010034 | Sharkawi M: Inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase by disulfiram; possible relation to the disulfiram- reaction. Life Sci. 1980 Nov 24;27(21):1939-45. |
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| 9010546 | Nosova T, Jokelainen K, Kaihovaara P, Jousimies-Somer H, Siitonen A, Heine R, Salaspuro M: Aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and production by aerobic bacteria representing the normal flora of human large intestine. Alcohol Alcohol. 1996 Nov;31(6):555-64. We have recently proposed the existence of a bacteriological pathway for oxidation, i.e. is oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase of intestinal bacteria resulting in high intracolonic levels of reactive and toxic In addition, aerobic bacteria metabolized effectively in vitro and this could be inhibited by cyanamide in nearly half of the tested strains. |
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| 3324799 | Spivak K, Aragon CM, Amit Z: Alterations in brain aldehyde dehydrogenase activity modify -induced conditioned taste aversion. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1987 Dec;11(6):513-7. Concurrent administration with 4-methylpyrazole (4MP), an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, prevents peripheral accumulation of by cyanamide. |
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| 8394073 | Mattia CJ, Adams JD Jr, Bondy SC: Free radical induction in the brain and liver by products of toluene catabolism. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jul 6;46(1):103-10. Pretreatment of rats in vivo with 4-methylpyrazole, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, or cyanamide, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor, prior to exposure to toluene, caused a significant decrease and increase, respectively, in toluene-stimulated rates of ROS generation in the CNS and liver. |
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| 2312053 | Lin RC, Fillenwarth MJ, Minter R, Lumeng L: Formation of the 37-kD protein- adduct in primary cultured rat hepatocytes exposed to Hepatology. 1990 Mar;11(3):401-7. When cultured in hormone-enriched and trace metal-enriched Waymouth's medium, alcohol dehydrogenase activities in hepatocytes decreased only about 30% during 6 days of culture. Although the maximal intensity was obtained at approximately 10 to 40 mmol/L addition of cyanamide (an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase) further increased the intensity of this protein- adduct band by more than twofold. |
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| 8365577 | Smialowicz RJ, Riddle MM, Williams WC: Methoxyacetaldehyde, an intermediate metabolite of 2-methoxyethanol, is immunosuppressive in the rat. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Jul;21(1):1-7. Rats pretreated with the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors disulfiram (2 mmol/kg) or cyanamide (0.48 mmol/kg) followed by oral dosing with ME (2.64 mmol/kg) resulted in suppressed PFC responses equivalent to the suppressed responses of rats dosed with ME alone. In contrast, coadministration of the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor 4-methylpyrazole (1.2 mmol/kg) with ME or MEA blocked suppression of the PFC response following exposure to ME or MEA alone. |
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| 19719790 | Closon C, Didone V, Tirelli E, Quertemont E: and the hypothermic effects of in mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2009 Nov;33(11):2005-14. Epub 2009 Aug 31. In experiments 3 and 4, mice received a combined pretreatment with cyanamide and the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor 4-Methylpyrazole (10 mg/kg) before the injection of or |
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| 6612730 | Hillbom ME, Sarviharju MS, Lindros KO: Potentiation of toxicity by cyanamide in relation to accumulation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 Aug;70(1):133-9. Although administration of the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP, 10 mg/kg), prevented the accumulation of it only partly counteracted the effect of cyanamide on mortality. |
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| 2886987 | Penttila KE, Makinen J, Lindros KO: Allyl liver injury: suppression by and relation to transient depletion. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1987 May;60(5):340-4. Inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase by 4-methyl pyrazole completely counteracted these effects. On the other hand, attempts to potentiate the toxicity of acrolein by the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide enhanced only the release of alanine aminotransferase. |
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| 6347204 | Dawson AG: oxidation in systems containing soluble and mitochondrial fractions of rat liver. Biochem Pharmacol. 1983 Jul 15;32(14):2157-65. The rate of oxidation in these systems was much lower than the measured maximum activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and it was concluded that ADH was inhibited by the accumulated Cyanamide, an inhibitor of mitochondrial ALDH, blocked the stimulatory effect of mitochondria on oxidation. |
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| 8453736 | Siddiq T, Richardson PJ, Mitchell WD, Teare J, Preedy VR: -induced inhibition of ventricular protein synthesis in vivo and the possible role of Cell Biochem Funct. 1993 Mar;11(1):45-54. Two metabolic inhibitors of metabolism were also used namely 4-methylpyrazole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) and cyanamide dehydrogenase inhibitor) which in -dosed rats have been shown to either decrease or increase formation, respectively. |
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| 6434593 | Perez HD, Roll FJ, Bissell DM, Shak S, Goldstein IM: Production of chemotactic activity for polymorphonuclear leukocytes by cultured rat hepatocytes exposed to J Clin Invest. 1984 Oct;74(4):1350-7. It was undetectable in the absence of and was reduced in the presence of either the alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor, 4-methylpyrazole, or the dehydrogenase inhibitor, cyanamide. |
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| 2264608 | Lin RC, Lumeng L: Formation of the 37KD protein- adduct in liver during treatment is dependent on alcohol dehydrogenase activity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1990 Oct;14(5):766-70. In this report, we have examined the effects of pyrazole (an ADH inhibitor) and cyanamide (an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor) on the formation of the 37KD liver protein-AA in vivo and in vitro. |
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| 8986222 | Fujimiya T, Li YJ, Uemura K, Ohbora Y, Komura S: Noncompetitive-like inhibition of elimination by cyanamide treatment: pharmacokinetic study. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1996 Dec;20(9 Suppl):278A-283A. The product, or competitive, inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase by had been reported in enzymological study. |
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| 18324412 | Halaly T, Pang X, Batikoff T, Crane O, Keren A, Venkateswari J, Ogrodovitch A, Sadka A, Lavee S, Or E: Similar mechanisms might be triggered by alternative external stimuli that induce dormancy release in grape buds. Planta. 2008 Jun;228(1):79-88. Epub 2008 Mar 7. We compared the effects of heat shock (HS) and cyanamide (HC) and demonstrated that HS leads to earlier and higher bud-break levels. Changes in transcript levels of catalase, alcohol dehydrogenase and decarboxylase were induced following both treatments. |
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| 16540368 | Gyamfi MA, Wan YJ: The effect of metabolizing enzyme inhibitors, and on regulating glutathione S-transferase, and in mouse primary hepatocyte. Hepatol Res. 2006 May;35(1):53-61. Epub 2006 Mar 15. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), assessed by the thiobarbituric acid assay, increased to 221% of control by and was potentiated by cyanamide, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor. The changes in LPO, cytosolic GST activity, GSH levels and /SAH ratio in exposed hepatocytes were completely or partially reversed by either or 4-methylpyrazole, an alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitor. |
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| 17597213 | Jamal M, Ameno K, Uekita I, Kumihashi M, Wang W, Ijiri I: Catalase mediates formation in the striatum of free-moving rats. Neurotoxicology. 2007 Nov;28(6):1245-8. Epub 2007 May 13. Rats received intraperitoneal EtOH (1g/kg) alone or in combination with 4-methylpyrazole (MP, 82 mg/kg, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor), and/or catalase inhibitor azide (AZ, 10mg/kg) or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT, 1g/kg), and/or cyanamide (CY, 50mg/kg, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor). |
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| 13861343 | ANDO H, FUWA I: Effects of cyanamide on alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. J Chromatogr. 1961 Nov;50:416-8. |
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| 6861004 | Loomis CW, Brien JF: Specificity of hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibition by carbimide cyanamide) in the rat. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1983 Apr;61(4):431-5. |
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| 18317950 | Vary TC, Lang CH: Differential phosphorylation of translation initiation regulators 4EBP1, S6k1, and Erk 1/2 following inhibition of metabolism in mouse heart. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2008 Mar;8(1):23-32. Epub 2008 Mar 4. Pretreatment with cyanamide, an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, did not attenuate the -induced decrease in phosphorylation S6k1 (389)), but partially prevented the -induced lowering of 4EBP1 phosphorylation. |
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| 8707122 | Altomare E, Grattagliano I, Vendemiale G, Palmieri V, Palasciano G: Acute administration induces oxidative changes in rat pancreatic tissue. Gut. 1996 May;38(5):742-6. Pretreatment with cyanamide (an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase) but not with 4-methylpyrazole (an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) caused higher production of GSSG and MDA. |
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| 7646056 | Clemens DL, Halgard CM, Miles RR, Sorrell MF, Tuma DJ: Establishment of a recombinant hepatic cell line stably expressing alcohol dehydrogenase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1995 Aug 20;321(2):311-8. Furthermore, the level of produced during oxidation was augmented by cyanamide, an inhibitor of oxidation, while the ability of these cells to metabolize was inhibited by pyrazole, an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase. |
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| 4038269 | Cronholm T: transfer between molecules during oxidoreduction in vivo. Biochem J. 1985 Jul 15;229(2):315-22. In cyanamide-treated rats, the elimination of was slow but the rates in the oxidoreduction were high, indicating more complete rate-limitation by the oxidation of Rates of exchange catalysed by alcohol dehydrogenase were determined in vivo in order to find rate-limiting steps in metabolism. |
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| 14615007 | Moncada C, Fuentes N, Lladser A, Encina G, Sapag A, Karahanian E, Israel Y: Use of an clamp" in the determination of low-KM aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in H4-II-E-C3 rat hepatoma cells. Alcohol. 2003 Aug-Oct;31(1-2):19-24. We showed that (1) production is linear for 120 min, (2) addition of 160 microM cyanamide to the culture medium leads to a 75%-80% reduction of generated, and (3) ALDH2 activity is dependent on cell-to-cell contact and increases after cells reach confluence. The clamp is attained by addition of excess yeast alcohol dehydrogenase, 14C- and oxidized form of (NAD (+)) to the hepatoma cell culture medium. |
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| 2932116 | Ryle PR, Chakraborty J, Thomson AD: The roles of the hepatocellular redox state and the hepatic concentration in determining the elimination rate in fasted rats. Biochem Pharmacol. 1985 Oct 1;34(19):3577-83. Pretreatment of animals with the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor, cyanamide (1 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg p.o. one hour before caused increases of up to 23-fold in the hepatic level, without influencing the cytosolic NAD+:NADH ratio in dosed rats, while significantly reducing the elimination rate by up to 44%, compared with controls. These results suggest that oxidation by cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase may be regulated in part by the hepatic concentration achieved during metabolism rather than reoxidation, either to supply NAD for the dehydrogenase, or to reduce inhibition of the enzyme by being a rate-limiting factor in metabolism in fasted rats. |
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| 6884350 | Muller A, Sies H: Ethane release during metabolism of aldehydes and monoamines in perfused rat liver. Eur J Biochem. 1983 Aug 15;134(3):599-602. Compounds which metabolically generate aldehydes such as monoamines (benzylamine, phenylethylamine) as substrates for monoamine oxidase or as substrate for alcohol dehydrogenase [A. Results obtained with inhibitors of hepatic metabolism (pargyline or cyanamide) or of monamine oxidase (pargyline or tranylcypromine) suggest that metabolism of the aldehydes is required for ethane production. |
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| 3606666 | Carmichael FJ, Israel Y, Saldivia V, Giles HG, Meggiorini S, Orrego H: Blood and the -induced increase in splanchnic circulation. Biochem Pharmacol. 1987 Aug 15;36(16):2673-8. As earlier studies have indicated that this effect is maximal at concentrations of that saturate the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) system and is blocked by the ADH inhibitor 4-methylpyrazol, we investigated the possible role of a product in the ADH reaction, as a mediator of this effect. In the first series of experiments it was shown that, contrary to expectations, cyanamide administration prior to suppressed fully the effect of on portal blood flow without altering it in the absence of = 69.5 +/- 5.6; + cyanamide 42.9 +/- 2.4; control = 43.0 +/- 3.0; cyanamide = 55.1 +/- 3.7 ml X min-1 X (kg body wt)-1]. |
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| 12394292 | Kumar V, Silvis C, Nystrom G, Deshpande N, Vary TC, Frost RA, Lang CH: -induced increases in insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 are partially mediated by TNF. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002 Oct;26(10):1574-83. Separate groups of rats were also pretreated with 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP; alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor), cyanamide (inhibitor of metabolism), RU486 (glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) or the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist (TNF (BP)) prior to EtOH administration. Separate groups of rats were also pretreated with 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP; alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor), cyanamide (inhibitor of metabolism), RU486 (glucocorticoid receptor antagonist) or the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonist (TNF (BP)) prior to EtOH administration. |
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| 12036955 | You M, Fischer M, Deeg MA, Crabb DW: induces fatty acid synthesis pathways by activation of sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP). J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 9;277(32):29342-7. Epub 2002 May 29. This effect is likely mediated by because the effect was only seen in cell lines expressing alcohol dehydrogenase, and inhibition of oxidation by 4-methylpyrazole blocked the effect in the hepatoma cells. Furthermore, the aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide enhanced the effect of in the hepatoma cells. |
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| 1845547 | Lin RC, Lumeng L: Formation of the 37KD liver protein- adduct in vivo and in vitro. Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1991;1:265-9. However, under certain circumstances e.g. when fed an -containing liquid diet supplemented with cyanamide (an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor that raises blood concentrations), this 37KD protein- adduct (protein-AA) becomes incorporated into liver plasma membranes. |
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| 3702591 | Guerri C, Sanchis R: and in rat's milk following administration. Life Sci. 1986 Apr 28;38(17):1543-56. The time course of and concentration in blood and milk were determined in normal lactating rats after cyanamide (40 mg/kg) and administration (2 or 4 g/kg). |
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| 6353979 | Kupari M, Lindros K, Hillbom M, Heikkila J, Ylikahri R: Cardiovascular effects of accumulation after ingestion: their modification by beta-adrenergic blockade and alcohol dehydrogenase inhibition. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1983 Summer;7(3):283-8. Left ventricular function was examined by echocardiography and systolic time intervals in nine healthy male volunteers, who ingested 0.35 g/kg 4 hr after a 50-mg peroral dose of cyanamide, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor. |
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| 3426694 | Vind C, Grunnet N: Rate determining factors of oxidation in hepatocytes from starved and fed rats: effect of concentration on the rate of oxidation catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase. Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1987;1:295-9. The concentration of the substrates of the two dehydrogenases were varied by addition of and cyanamide. |
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| 7030108 | Lindros KO, Stowell A, Pikkarainen P, Salaspuro M: The disulfiram (Antabuse)- reaction in male alcoholics: its efficient management by 4-methylpyrazole. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1981 Fall;5(4):528-30. 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP), an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, rapidly abolished the accumulation of following ingestion both in volunteers pretreated with the Antabuse analog carbimide and in an antabuse-treated alcoholic. 4-MP also attenuated other typical symptoms, including facial flushing and tachycardia, thus suggesting its usefulness in the acute treatment of severe disulfiram- reactions. |
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| 12711651 | Jamal M, Ameno K, Kubota T, Ameno S, Zhang X, Kumihashi M, Ijiri I: In vivo formation of induced by high concentration in rat striatum employing microdialysis. Alcohol Alcohol. 2003 May-Jun;38(3):197-201. AIMS: The in vivo formation of (1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquionoline), an endogeneous condensation product of (DA) with (AcH), was examined following the administration of cyanamide (CY) plus (EtOH) using microdialysis-high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. METHODS: After the insertion of a microdialysis probe into the striatum, rats were treated with CY (a potent inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, 50 mg/kg), 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP, a strong inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase, 82 mg/kg), and CY + 4-MP, followed 1 h later by EtOH (1 g/kg), CY and 4-MP only by intraperitoneal administration. |
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| 9794917 | Bailey SM, Cunningham CC: Acute and chronic increases reactive species generation and decreases viability in fresh, isolated rat hepatocytes. Hepatology. 1998 Nov;28(5):1318-26. Acute exposure stimulated ROS production, increased the cellular /NAD+ ratio, and decreased hepatocyte viability slightly, which was prevented by pretreatment with 4-methylpyrazole (4-MP), an inhibitor of alcohol dehydrogenase. Incubation with an -oxidizing compound, and cyanamide, an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase, significantly decreased ROS levels in acute -treated hepatocytes. |
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| 1443429 | Gill K, Menez JF, Lucas D, Deitrich RA: Enzymatic production of from in rat brain tissue. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1992 Oct;16(5):910-5. On the other hand, treatment with the catalase inhibitors azide, cyanamide, or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole blocked the production of AcHO while the addition of exogenous peroxide or a peroxide-generating system enhanced the production of AcHO. |
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| 8032311 | Fujita M, Sano M, Yoshino K, Tomita I: Effects of aldehyde dehydrogenase and on the degradation of (E)- and N-hexanal in rat liver. Biochem Mol Biol Int. 1994 Mar;32(3):429-34. When lipid peroxidation was induced by t-butyl hydroperoxide, the ratio of HA to 4HN production in the liver of rats pretreated with the ALDH inhibitor, cyanamide (100 mg/kg, i.p.) was higher than that in controls, whereas the ratio was lower in the liver of rats pretreated with the -depleting agent, phorone (250 mg/kg, i.p.). |
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