Protein Information

Name enkephalin
Synonyms Met enkephalin; enkephalin; M enkephalin

Compound Information

Name chloralose
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9369314 Armstead WM: Role of impaired cAMP and calcium-sensitive K+ channel function in altered cerebral hemodynamics following brain injury. Brain Res. 1997 Sep 12;768(1-2):177-84.

Moreover, FPI attenuated PACAP, methionine enkephalin, leucine enkephalin, and dynorphin induced elevations in CSF cAMP concentration (940 +/- 2, 1457 +/- 50, and 2191 +/- 53 vs. 810 +/- 17, 1033 +/- 36, and 1218 +/- 49 fmol/ml for control, PACAP 10 (-8), 10 (-6) M before and after FPI, respectively, n = 8).
Chloralose-anesthetized piglets equipped with a closed cranial window were connected to a percussion device consisting of a saline-filled cylindrical reservoir and a metal pendulum.
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2068583 Zhu WJ, Zhang RB: [Spinal mechanism of the inhibitory effect of somatic input on the cardiac ischemia induced by hypothalamus stimulation]. Sheng Li Xue Bao. 1991 Apr;43(2):141-8.

Experiments were carried out on 58 urethane-chloralose anaesthetized, gallamine triethiodide immobilized and vagotomized rabbits under artificial ventilation.
In intact rabbits, it was demonstrated that L-enkephalin (LENK) immunoreactive material was increased in the left or right intermediolateral cell column (IML) of T2-5 spinal cord after stimulation of left MN or DPN for five minutes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1407679 Williams CA, Holtsclaw LI, Chiverton JA: Release of immunoreactive enkephalinergic substances in the periaqueductal grey of the cat during fatiguing isometric contractions. Neurosci Lett. 1992 May 11;139(1):19-23.

Antibody-coated microprobes were used to determine whether immunoreactive enkephalins were released in response to fatiguing isometric contractions of the hind-limb muscles in cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose.
It is possible that isometric muscle contraction causes the release of Met-enkephalin-like substances in the periaqueductal grey.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8088361 Damase-Michel C, Giraud P, Portolan G, Montastruc JL, Montastruc P, Tran MA: Effects of insulin on the release of neuropeptide Y, [Met5] enkephalin and catecholamines from dog adrenal medulla. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Jun 13;258(3):277-9.

The present experiment investigates the co-release of catecholamines and neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y and [Met5] enkephalin) from the adrenal medulla in chloralose-anaesthetized dogs after intravenous administration of insulin (0.3 U/kg).
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8129538 Tran MA, Damase-Michel C, Tavernier G, Giraud P, Montastruc JL, Montastruc P: [Co-release of neuropeptides and catecholamines by adrenal medulla] . Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1993 Aug;86(8):1253-6.

The concurrent release of these neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y (NPY), met-enkephalin (ME)] and catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) from the adrenal gland was examined in chloralose-anesthetized dogs after intravenous administration of dihydralazine (1 mg/kg) and insulin (0.3 U/kg).
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1354006 Oppenheimer SM, Saleh T, Cechetto DF: Lateral hypothalamic area neurotransmission and neuromodulation of the specific cardiac effects of insular cortex stimulation. Brain Res. 1992 May 22;581(1):133-42.

Met-enkephalin (3.5 mM) was without effect on this response whereas Leu-enkephalin (3.5 mM) and neuropeptide Y (0.01 mM) (NPY) doubled the magnitude of the tachycardia.
Insular tachycardia sites in 28 chloralose-anesthetised male Wistar rats were phasically stimulated once with each cardiac cycle using 500 microA for 1 min before and after microinfusions (390 nl) into the LHA.
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10350539 Chu X, Xu N, Li P, Mao L, Wang JQ: Inhibition of cardiovascular activity following microinjection of novel opioid-like neuropeptide nociceptin (orphanin FQ) into the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla. Brain Res. 1999 May 22;829(1-2):134-42.


In this study, centrally mediated cardiovascular actions of this peptide were investigated in the alpha-chloralose/urethane-anesthetized rats.
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1564731 Barron BA, Gu H, Gaugl JF, Caffrey JL: Screening for opioids in dog heart. . J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1992 Jan;24(1):67-77.

Total opioids, and specific peptides (methionine-enkephalin, methionine-enkephalin-arg6-gly7-leu8) were determined by radioreceptor and radioimmunoassay, respectively.
The effects of anesthetic agents (pentobarbital, alpha-chloralose), hemorrhage and ganglionic blockade (hexamethonium and atropine) were evaluated.
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8799956 Aneman A, Medbak S, Watson D, Haglind E: Met-enkephalin and catecholamine release during feline intestinal ischemia-reperfusion. Shock. 1996 Jun;5(6):434-9.

Chloralose anesthetized cats were randomized to a control group (C, n = 7), 20 cm segmental (S, n = 7), or complete intestinal ischemia (l, n = 7) for 90 min followed by reperfusion for 180 min.
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7904052 Damase-Michel C, Tavernier G, Giraud P, Montastruc JL, Montastruc P, Tran MA: Effects of clonidine, dihydralazine and splanchnic nerve stimulation on the release of neuropeptide Y, MET-enkephalin and catecholamines from dog adrenal medulla. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Oct;348(4):379-84.

The concurrent release (evaluated by adrenal vein plasma levels) of these neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y (NPY), met-enkephaline (ME)] and catecholamines [adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA)] from the adrenal gland was examined in chloralose-anesthetized dogs after intravenous administration of clonidine (10 micrograms/kg) and dihydralazine (1 mg/kg).
1(0,0,0,1) Details