Protein Information

Name neuropeptide Y
Synonyms NPY; Neuropeptide Y; Neuropeptide Y precursor; PYY 4; PYY4; Y Neuropeptide; Neuropeptide ies; Neuropeptide Y precursors…

Compound Information

Name chloralose
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
1666019 Stack RK, Patterson RE: Haemodynamic effects of intracoronary neuropeptide Y in dogs: resistance to alpha adrenergic blockade. Cardiovasc Res. 1991 Sep;25(9):757-63.

EXPERIMENTAL MATERIAL: 14 mongrel dogs (n = 7 per group) were anaesthetised with chloralose for a left thoracotomy to measure coronary blood flow, aortic pressure, left ventricular pressure, and heart rate.
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8726091 Verwaerde P, Senard JM, Mazerolles M, Tran MA, Damase-Michel C, Montastruc JL, Montastruc P: Spectral analysis of blood pressure and heart rate, catecholamine and neuropeptide Y plasma levels in a new model of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension in dog. Clin Auton Res. 1996 Apr;6(2):75-82.

The aim of the study was to compare changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) variability, catecholamine and neuropeptide Y (NPY) plasma levels induced by passive head-up tilt in normal and sino-aortic denervated (SAD) chloralose-anaesthetized dogs.
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1323470 Montastruc P, Damase-Michel C, Tavernier G, Tran MA, Montastruc JL: Release of neuropeptide Y and noradrenaline during afferent nerve stimulation. Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 Mar 17;213(1):159-62.

The present study was carried out to investigate the possibility that noradrenaline (NA) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) are co-released after afferent vagal or saphenous stimulation (1, 5, 10 and 20 Hz) in chloralose-anaesthetized dogs.
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7904052 Damase-Michel C, Tavernier G, Giraud P, Montastruc JL, Montastruc P, Tran MA: Effects of clonidine, dihydralazine and splanchnic nerve stimulation on the release of neuropeptide Y, MET-enkephalin and catecholamines from dog adrenal medulla. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1993 Oct;348(4):379-84.

The concurrent release (evaluated by adrenal vein plasma levels) of these neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y (NPY), met-enkephaline (ME)] and catecholamines [adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA)] from the adrenal gland was examined in chloralose-anesthetized dogs after intravenous administration of clonidine (10 micrograms/kg) and dihydralazine (1 mg/kg).
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8088361 Damase-Michel C, Giraud P, Portolan G, Montastruc JL, Montastruc P, Tran MA: Effects of insulin on the release of neuropeptide Y, [Met5] enkephalin and catecholamines from dog adrenal medulla. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Jun 13;258(3):277-9.

The present experiment investigates the co-release of catecholamines and neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y and [Met5] enkephalin) from the adrenal medulla in chloralose-anaesthetized dogs after intravenous administration of insulin (0.3 U/kg).
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7905715 Deschamps A, Fournier A, Magder S: Influence of neuropeptide Y on regional vascular capacitance in dogs. Am J Physiol. 1994 Jan;266(1 Pt 2):H165-70.

To determine the effect of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on regional vascular capacitances, we measured the regional blood volume (Vb), unstressed volume (V0), blood flow distribution, venous compliance (Cv), venous resistance (Rv), and the time constant of venous drainage (tau v) in the splanchnic and extrasplanchnic circulation of 13 dogs anesthetized with chloralose.
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8866369 Williams CA: Neuropeptide Y-like substances are released from the rostral brainstem of cats during the muscle pressor response. J Physiol. 1996 Aug 15;495 ( Pt 1):267-77.

In this study, the release of immunoreactive neuropeptide Y (NPY)-like substances (irNPYs) was measured from the rostral brainstem in response to fatiguing isometric contractions of the hindlimb muscle of cats anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose. 2.
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8129538 Tran MA, Damase-Michel C, Tavernier G, Giraud P, Montastruc JL, Montastruc P: [Co-release of neuropeptides and catecholamines by adrenal medulla] . Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1993 Aug;86(8):1253-6.

The concurrent release of these neuropeptides [neuropeptide Y (NPY), met-enkephalin (ME)] and catecholamines (adrenaline and noradrenaline) from the adrenal gland was examined in chloralose-anesthetized dogs after intravenous administration of dihydralazine (1 mg/kg) and insulin (0.3 U/kg).
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1604044 Heimburger M, Pages N, Davy M, el Rawadi C, Cohen Y, Bohuon C: Effects of chloral, chloralose and pentobarbitone on monoamine and (neuropeptide Y) NPY levels in various tissues in the rat. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1992 May;76(2):183-91.
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8380260 Yang T, Levy MN: Effects of intense antecedent sympathetic stimulation on sympathetic neurotransmission in the heart. Circ Res. 1993 Jan;72(1):137-44.

We studied the effects of intense sympathetic stimulation on the chronotropic responses of the heart to subsequent test stimulations of the cardiac autonomic nerves in dogs anesthetized with alpha-chloralose.
Such intense sympathetic stimulations (which we refer to as "release stimulations") are known to release neuropeptide Y as well as norepinephrine.
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7611469 Kralios FA, Anderson FL, Hanson GR, Kralios AC: Myocardial electrophysiological effects of neuropeptide Y in dogs. Am J Physiol. 1995 Jun;268(6 Pt 2):H2195-201.

To test whether NPY also exerts regional myocardial electrophysiological effects, dose-response and time course changes resulting from intravenous and regional intracoronary infusions of NPY were obtained in 14 alpha-chloralose-anesthetized dogs.
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1590479 Dunbar JC, Ergene E, Anderson GF, Barraco RA: Decreased cardiorespiratory effects of neuropeptide Y in the nucleus tractus solitarius in diabetes. Am J Physiol. 1992 May;262(5 Pt 2):R865-71.

Normal and streptozocin-diabetic rats were anesthetized with urethan and alpha-chloralose, instrumented for cardiovascular and respiratory monitoring, and positioned in a stereotaxic apparatus.
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8429923 Williams CA, Holtsclaw LI, Chiverton JA: Release of immunoreactive neuropeptide Y from brainstem sites in the cat during isometric contractions. Neuropeptides. 1993 Jan;24(1):53-61.

Fatiguing isometric contractions of the left hind-limb muscles in cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose caused mean arterial pressure to increase by 82 +/- 18 mmHg above resting and post-contraction levels and heart rates to increase by 15 +/- 5 beats/min.
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1302259 Thoresen M, Dahlin I, Lundberg JM, Lagercrantz H: Neuropeptide Y and catecholamine release in the piglet during hypoxia: enhancement by theophylline. J Dev Physiol. 1992 Oct;18(4):187-91.

The piglets were anaesthetized with chloralose/urethane, tracheostomized, paralyzed with gallamine and artificially ventilated.
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8536296 Edvinsson L, Jansen Olesen I, Kingman TA, McCulloch J, Uddman R: Modification of vasoconstrictor responses in cerebral blood vessels by lesioning of the trigeminal nerve: possible involvement of CGRP. Cephalalgia. 1995 Oct;15(5):373-83.

The functional role of the trigeminal system has been addressed in experiments on the cortical surface of alpha-chloralose anaesthetized cats.
The cortical arteriolar responses to subarachnoid microinjections of acidic (pH 6.8) and basic CSF (pH 7.6) as well as noradrenaline (10 (-4) M), neuropeptide Y (10 (-7) M), prostaglandin F2x (10 (-6 M), barium chloride (10 (-4) M), and autologous blood (5 microl) were examined in anaesthetized cats with lesions of the trigeminal nerve, and were compared with their effects in sham-operated animals.
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1354006 Oppenheimer SM, Saleh T, Cechetto DF: Lateral hypothalamic area neurotransmission and neuromodulation of the specific cardiac effects of insular cortex stimulation. Brain Res. 1992 May 22;581(1):133-42.

Met-enkephalin (3.5 mM) was without effect on this response whereas Leu-enkephalin (3.5 mM) and neuropeptide Y (0.01 mM) (NPY) doubled the magnitude of the tachycardia.
Insular tachycardia sites in 28 chloralose-anesthetised male Wistar rats were phasically stimulated once with each cardiac cycle using 500 microA for 1 min before and after microinfusions (390 nl) into the LHA.
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8564881 Notarius CF, Erice F, Stewart D, Magder S: Effect of baroreceptor activation and systemic hypotension on plasma endothelin 1 and neuropeptide Y. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1995 Aug;73(8):1136-43.

To determine whether endothelin (ET-1) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) release are controlled by the carotid sinus (CS) baroreceptor or local endothelial mechanisms, we isolated and pump perfused the CS in eight chloralose-anesthetized dogs and controlled systemic arterial pressure (SAP) with an elevated reservoir connected to both femoral arteries.
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1506358 Lang SA, Maron MB, Maender KC, Pilati CF: Circulating neuropeptide Y does not produce pulmonary hypertension during massive sympathetic activation. J Appl Physiol. 1992 Jul;73(1):117-22.

We tested the possibility that neuropeptide Y (NPY) may contribute to the pulmonary hypertension that occurs after massive sympathetic activation produced by intracisternal veratrine administration in the chloralose-anesthetized dog.
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