Protein Information

Name hemoglobin (protein family or complex)
Synonyms Hemoglobin; Hemoglobins

Compound Information

Name nicotine
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19700523 Roethig HJ, Munjal S, Feng S, Liang Q, Sarkar M, Walk RA, Mendes PE: Population estimates for biomarkers of exposure to cigarette smoke in adult U.S. cigarette smokers. Nicotine Tob Res. 2009 Oct;11(10):1216-25. Epub 2009 Aug 21.

The population estimates for smokers and nonsmokers for nontobacco-specific biomarkers were 1-hydroxypyrene 317 (6.8) and 110 (7.1) ng/24 hr, 4-aminobiphenyl Hb adducts 43.1 (1.04) and 11.4 (1.5) pg/g Hb, carboxyhemoglobin 5.26 (0.04) in percent of hemoglobin saturation and 1.45 (0.02), 3-hydroxypropylmercapturic acid 2,030 (24) and 458 (17) microg/24 hr, monohydroxy-butenyl-mercapturic acid 3.61 (0.1) and 0.30 (0.02) microg/24 hr, and dihydroxy-butyl-mercapturic acid 556 (4.9) and 391 (5.5) microg/24 hr.
RESULTS: The adult smoker population estimates for tobacco-specific biomarkers were nicotine equivalents 13.3 mg/24 hr (SE 0.14), serum cotinine 184 ng/ml (1.8), and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol 439 ng/24 hr (5.5).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19022425 Khorram O, Han G, Magee T: Cigarette smoke inhibits endometrial epithelial cell proliferation through a nitric oxide-mediated pathway. Fertil Steril. 2010 Jan;93(1):257-63. Epub 2008 Nov 19.

Cigarette smoking and nicotine stimulated the expression of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) whereas benzo [a] pyrene (BP) only stimulated the expression of eNOS in HES cells.
The inhibitory effect of CS was blocked by hemoglobin and enhanced by L-arginine (L-Arg).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19175368 Calapai G, Caputi AP, Mannucci C, Russo GA, Gregg E, Puntoni R, Lowe F, McEwan M, Bassi A, Morandi S, Nunziata A: Cardiovascular biomarkers in groups of established smokers after a decade of smoking. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009 Apr;104(4):322-8. Epub 2009 Jan 20.


Analysis of exhaled CO and other smoke exposure biomarker (nicotine and its metabolites) data showed a statistically significant increase in all groups of smokers with a trend related to the number of cigarettes smoked per day.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
19481578 Mendes P, Liang Q, Frost-Pineda K, Munjal S, Walk RA, Roethig HJ: The relationship between smoking machine derived tar yields and biomarkers of exposure in adult cigarette smokers in the US. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2009 Oct;55(1):17-27. Epub 2009 May 28.

Biomarkers were measured in blood (carboxyhemoglobin, 4-aminobiphenyl-hemoglobin (4-ABP-Hb)-adducts, serum cotinine) and 24h urine (nicotine and five metabolites, calculated as nicotine equivalents (NE), NNAL, 1-OH-pyrene, 3-HPMA, MHBMA and DHBMA).
31(0,1,1,1) Details
19202948 Zawadzki M, Gac P, Poreba R, Murawska-Cialowicz E, Wielkoszynski T, Januszewska L, Pawlas K, Andrzejak R: Levels of hemoglobin and lipid peroxidation metabolites in blood, catalase activity in erythrocytes and peak expiratory flow rate in subjects with passive exposure to tobacco smoke. Pol Arch Med Wewn. 2008 Dec;118(12):705-12.

Markers of tobacco smoke exposure are nicotine metabolites, i.e. cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
19665325 Senn M, Baiwog F, Winmai J, Mueller I, Rogerson S, Senn N: Betel nut chewing during pregnancy, Madang province, Papua New Guinea. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2009 Nov 1;105(1-2):126-31. Epub 2009 Aug 7.

It has similarities in terms of use and complications of use to chewing tobacco (=smokeless tobacco), as its active agent, arecoline is similar to nicotine.
METHODS: In a cross-sectional survey 310 pregnant women attending Alexishafen Health Centre (Madang Province) were interviewed with a survey measuring: detailed demographic data, betel nut chewing habits, other potential addictions (smoking, alcohol and drug use) and a medical examination (weight, height, blood pressure and hemoglobin level were recorded).
1(0,0,0,1) Details