Protein Information

Name CTLA 4
Synonyms CD152; GSE; CELIAC 3; CELIAC3; CTLA4; CD152 antigen; CTLA 4; Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4…

Compound Information

Name IAA
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9353155 Van der Auwera BJ, Vandewalle CL, Schuit FC, Winnock F, De Leeuw IH, Van Imschoot S, Lamberigts G, Gorus FK: CTLA-4 gene polymorphism confers susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) independently from age and from other genetic or immune disease markers. Clin Exp Immunol. 1997 Oct;110(1):98-103.

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10916559 Krokowski M, Abel M, Teodorczyk A, Szadkowska A, Pyrzak B, Rymkiewicz-Kluczynska B, Bodalski J: Type 1 diabetes and prediabetic state in a monozygotic triplet. Acta Genet Med Gemellol. 1998;47(3-4):171-6.


Genetic predisposition for IDDM is connected with HLA, CTLA-4 and insulin gene region.
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16025255 Hermann R, Laine AP, Veijola R, Vahlberg T, Simell S, Lahde J, Simell O, Knip M, Ilonen J: The effect of HLA class II, insulin and CTLA4 gene regions on the development of humoral beta cell autoimmunity. Diabetologia. 2005 Sep;48(9):1766-75. Epub 2005 Jul 16.

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16442659 Holmberg H, Vaarala O, Sadauskaite-Kuehne V, Ilonen J, Padaiga Z, Ludvigsson J: Higher prevalence of autoantibodies to insulin and GAD65 in Swedish compared to Lithuanian children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006 Jun;72(3):308-14. Epub 2006 Jan 26.


We analyzed autoantibodies to insulin (IAA), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) and the protein tyrosine phosphatase like IA-2 (IA-2A) as well as risk-associated polymorphisms of HLA, insulin and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) genes.
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16614815 Hermann R, Lipponen K, Kiviniemi M, Kakko T, Veijola R, Simell O, Knip M, Ilonen J: Lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (LYP/PTPN22) Arg620Trp variant regulates insulin autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2006 Jun;49(6):1198-208. Epub 2006 Apr 14.


All subjects were typed for HLA DR-DQ, insulin gene (INS), CTLA4 and PTPN22 C1858T polymorphisms.
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19473815 Lempainen J, Vaarala O, Makela M, Veijola R, Simell O, Knip M, Hermann R, Ilonen J: Interplay between PTPN22 C1858T polymorphism and cow's milk formula exposure in type 1 diabetes. J Autoimmun. 2009 Sep;33(2):155-64. Epub 2009 May 26.


We studied the effect of the INS -23A/T, PTPN22 1858C/T, and CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphisms on the emergence of T1D-associated autoimmunity in children exposed to cow's milk (CM) based formula during early or late infancy.
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