| Name | DR4 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Cell surface glycoprotein; MHC class II antigen; DR4; Leucocyte antigen B; DR 4; DRB 1; DRB1; HLA DRB1… |
| Name | IAA |
|---|---|
| CAS |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20140847 | Kordonouri O, Hartmann R, Charpentier N, Knip M, Danne T, Ilonen J: Genetic Risk Markers Related to Diabetes-Associated Autoantibodies in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes in Berlin, Germany. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2010 Feb 5. METHODS: Blood samples from 243 paediatric patients were genotyped for the high-risk HLA haplotypes DR3-DQ2 (DQA1*05-DQB1*02) and DR4-DQ8 (DRB1*0401/2/4/5-DQB1*0302) and PTPN22 C1858 T polymorphism. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9562346 | Savola K, Bonifacio E, Sabbah E, Kulmala P, Vahasalo P, Karjalainen J, Tuomilehto-Wolf E, Merilainen J, Akerblom HK, Knip M: IA-2 antibodies--a sensitive marker of IDDM with clinical onset in childhood and adolescence. Diabetologia. 1998 Apr;41(4):424-9. The prevalence and level of IA-2A were increased in cases carrying HLA DR4/non-DR3 compared with other DR combinations. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 13680123 | Williams AJ, Norcross AJ, Dix RJ, Gillespie KM, Gale EA, Bingley PJ: The prevalence of insulin autoantibodies at the onset of Type 1 diabetes is higher in males than females during adolescence. Diabetologia. 2003 Oct;46(10):1354-6. Epub 2003 Sep 9. Multivariate analysis showed independent association of IAA with age ( p <0.001), number of DR4 alleles ( p <0.001) and male sex ( p=0.002). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12116176 | Knip M, Kukko M, Kulmala P, Veijola R, Simell O, Akerblom HK, Ilonen J: Humoral beta-cell autoimmunity in relation to HLA-defined disease susceptibility in preclinical and clinical type 1 diabetes. Am J Med Genet. 2002 May 30;115(1):48-54. Among the newly diagnosed patients we observed that those carrying the DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotype had increased levels of insulin autoantibodies (IAA) and IA-2 antibodies (IA-2A), but low levels of GAD antibodies (GADA). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15314696 | Achenbach P, Koczwara K, Knopff A, Naserke H, Ziegler AG, Bonifacio E: Mature high-affinity immune responses to (pro) insulin anticipate the autoimmune cascade that leads to type 1 diabetes. J Clin Invest. 2004 Aug;114(4):589-97. These data are consistent with the concept that type 1 diabetes is associated with sustained early exposure to (pro) insulin in the context of HLA DR4 and show that high-affinity proinsulin-reactive IAAs identify children with the highest diabetes risk. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11679444 | Savola K, Laara E, Vahasalo P, Kulmala P, Akerblom HK, Knip M: Dynamic pattern of disease-associated autoantibodies in siblings of children with type 1 diabetes: a population-based study. Diabetes. 2001 Nov;50(11):2625-32. Positive seroconversions seemed to be associated with a young age of the sibling, HLA DR3/DR4 heterozygosity, HLA identity, and a high initial number of detectable autoantibodies. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12114788 | Kloppel G, Clemens A: Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus: Islet Changes in Relation to Etiology and Pathogenesis. Endocr Pathol. 1997 Winter;8(4):273-282. An important factor appears to be a genetic predisposition (human leukocyte antigen [HLA] DR3/DR4/DQ8) in connection with as-yet-unknown environmental factors (e.g., viruses). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11600541 | Kimpimaki T, Kupila A, Hamalainen AM, Kukko M, Kulmala P, Savola K, Simell T, Keskinen P, Ilonen J, Simell O, Knip M: The first signs of beta-cell autoimmunity appear in infancy in genetically susceptible children from the general population: the Finnish Type 1 Diabetes Prediction and Prevention Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Oct;86(10):4782-8. IAA emerge as the first detectable antibody more commonly than any other antibody specificity, implying that insulin may be the primary antigen in most cases of human type 1 diabetes associated with the DR4-DQB1*0302 haplotype. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16614815 | Hermann R, Lipponen K, Kiviniemi M, Kakko T, Veijola R, Simell O, Knip M, Ilonen J: Lymphoid phosphatase (LYP/PTPN22) Arg620Trp variant regulates insulin autoimmunity and progression to type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia. 2006 Jun;49(6):1198-208. Epub 2006 Apr 14. The strong effect of PTPN22 on disease susceptibility (p = 2.1 x 10 (-8)) was more pronounced in males (p = 0.021) and in subjects with non-DR4-DQ8/low-risk HLA genotypes (p = 0.0004). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16442659 | Holmberg H, Vaarala O, Sadauskaite-Kuehne V, Ilonen J, Padaiga Z, Ludvigsson J: Higher prevalence of autoantibodies to insulin and GAD65 in Swedish compared to Lithuanian children with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2006 Jun;72(3):308-14. Epub 2006 Jan 26. The frequency of the risk haplotype DR4-DQ8 was higher in Swedish than in Lithuanian patients (p = 0.004), as well as the high-risk combination of DR4-DQ8 and DR3-DQ2 haplotypes (p = 0.009). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12445130 | Jones B, Frasse P, Olmos E, Zegzouti H, Li ZG, Latche A, Pech JC, Bouzayen M: Down-regulation of DR12, an auxin-response-factor homolog, in the tomato results in a pleiotropic phenotype including dark green and blotchy ripening fruit. Plant J. 2002 Nov;32(4):603-13. Based on sequence homology, DR1, DR3, DR4 and DR8 are members of the Aux/IAA family, and DR12 belongs to the auxin response factor (ARF) family of transcription factors. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18573919 | Makinen A, Harkonen T, Ilonen J, Knip M: Characterization of the humoral immune response to islet antigen 2 in children with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. Eur J Endocrinol. 2008 Jul;159(1):19-26. Those with an IA-2-restrictive response tested positive more frequently for IgA-IA-2A (P=0.001), had higher titers of IgE-IA-2A (P=0.025), tested positive for more IA-2A isotypes than the broad responders (P=0.04), and carried the high-risk HLA-(DR4)-DQB1*0302 haplotype more frequently than those with a broad antibody response (P=0.019). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10753042 | Colman PG, Steele C, Couper JJ, Beresford SJ, Powell T, Kewming K, Pollard A, Gellert S, Tait B, Honeyman M, Harrison LC: Islet autoimmunity in infants with a Type I diabetic relative is common but is frequently restricted to one autoantibody. Diabetologia. 2000 Feb;43(2):203-9. Of the latter, 10 (2.8% overall) were persistently positive; they had higher frequencies of HLA DR4 (p < 0.01) and HLA DR3, 4 (p < 0.05). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9844045 | Sarugeri E, Dozio N, Belloni C, Meschi F, Pastore MR, Bonifacio E: Autoimmune responses to the beta cell autoantigen, insulin, and the INS VNTR-IDDM2 locus. Clin Exp Immunol. 1998 Dec;114(3):370-6. Both antibody and T cell responses were higher in younger subjects and IAA were more prevalent in patients with the HLA-DR4 allele. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10229311 | Rodriguez-Villar C, Conget I, Casamitjana R, Ercilla G, Gomis R: Effects of insulin administration in a group of high-risk, non-diabetic, first-degree relatives of Type 1 diabetic patients: an open pilot trial. Diabet Med. 1999 Feb;16(2):160-3. All subjects who developed diabetes were positive for antibodies to GAD and expressed the HLA-DR3 or DR4 alleles, whereas only one of the non-progressors had these parameters (P < 0.05). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10714434 | Kretowski A, Maciej K, Ida K: The analysis of in vitro transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) production by peripheral blood in overt and pre-clinical type 1 diabetes mellitus. Immunol Lett. 2000 Feb 1;71(2):85-9. In the first degree relatives HLA typing (for DR3, DR4 and DQB1*0602 alleles), measurements of anti-pancreatic antibodies (ICA, GADA, IA-2A, IAA) and intravenous tolerance tests were performed. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |