Protein Information

Name cytochrome P450 reductase
Synonyms CPR; CYPOR; Cytochrome P 450 reductase; Cytochrome P450 reductase; NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase; NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase; P450 (cytochrome) oxidoreductase; P450R…

Compound Information

Name piperonyl butoxide
CAS 5-[[2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethoxy]methyl]-6-propyl-1,3-benzodioxole

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18615616 Boonsuepsakul S, Luepromchai E, Rongnoparut P: Characterization of Anopheles minimus CYP6AA3 expressed in a recombinant baculovirus system. Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2008 Sep;69(1):13-21.

The enzymatic activity of CYP6AA3 in deltamethrin metabolism was characterized after being reconstituted with An. minimus NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase and a NADPH-regenerating system.
Deltamethrin degradation and formation of metabolites were NADPH-dependent and inhibited by piperonyl butoxide.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8386241 Berson A, Wolf C, Chachaty C, Fisch C, Fau D, Eugene D, Loeper J, Gauthier JC, Beaune P, Pompon D, et al.: Metabolic activation of the nitroaromatic antiandrogen flutamide by rat and human cytochromes P-450, including forms belonging to the 3A and 1A subfamilies. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1993 Apr;265(1):366-72.


Covalent binding required oxygen and NADPH, and was decreased by the nucleophile glutathione and by the cytochrome P-450 inhibitors SKF 525-A, piperonyl butoxide and troleandomycin (an inhibitor of the cytochrome P-450 3A subfamily).
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10333321 Kotze AC: Peroxide-supported in-vitro cytochrome P450 activities in Haemonchus contortus. Int J Parasitol. 1999 Mar;29(3):389-96.


Larval activity was inhibited by typical cytochrome P450 inhibitors (piperonyl butoxide, SKF-525A, chloramphenicol, metyrapone, n-octylamine) and was unaffected by the peroxidase inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid.
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2841540 Chakraborty C, Davis DL, Dey SK: Characteristics of estrogen-2/4-hydroxylase in pig blastocysts: inhibition by steroidal and nonsteroidal agents. J Steroid Biochem. 1988 Aug;31(2):231-5.


Although alpha-naphthoflavone and aminoglutethimide did not affect E-2/4-H activity in vitro, inhibition by CO (95% CO + 5% O2), SKF-525A, piperonyl butoxide, and antibody to cytochrome P-450 reductase provides evidence for the involvement of cytochrome P-450 in E-2/4-H activity in pig blastocysts.
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2155354 Chakraborty C, Davis DL, Dey SK: Estradiol-15 alpha-hydroxylation: a new avenue of estrogen metabolism in peri-implantation pig blastocysts. J Steroid Biochem. 1990 Feb;35(2):209-18.

The enzyme activity was inhibited by different steroidal compounds and non-steroidal estrogens, as well as by CO, SKF-525A, piperonyl butoxide and antibody to cytochrome P450 reductase.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
2691105 Madyastha KM, Moorthy B: Pulegone mediated hepatotoxicity: evidence for covalent binding of R (+)-[14C] pulegone to microsomal proteins in vitro. Chem Biol Interact. 1989;72(3):325-33.

Covalent binding was drastically inhibited (93%) in the presence of piperonyl butoxide.
Antibodies to phenobarbital-induced cytochrome P-450 and NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase inhibited covalent binding to an extent of 72% and 47%, respectively.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3983973 Levi PE, Hodgson E: Oxidation of pesticides by purified cytochrome P-450 isozymes from mouse liver. Toxicol Lett. 1985 Feb-Mar;24(2-3):221-8.

5 cytochrome P-450 isozymes were purified from the livers of uninduced mice and reconstituted with purified NADPH cytochrome P-450 reductase and phospholipid.
All fraction metabolized the pesticide synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO) to form an inhibitory cytochrome P-450-PBO-metabolite complex.
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