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Yeh JY, Cheng LC, Liang YC, Ou BR: Modulation of the arsenic effects on cytotoxicity, viability, and cell cycle in porcine endothelial cells by selenium. Endothelium. 2003;10(3):127-39.
The differential effects of arsenic compounds and the effect of selenium on arsenic-induced changes in cytotoxicity, viability, and cell cycle of porcine aorta endothelial cells (PAECs) were investigated. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay indicated that arsenic trioxide (As (2) O (3)) and sodium arsenite (NaAsO (2)) showed similar cytotoxicity, whereas sodium arsenate (Na (2) HAsO (4)) did not show cytotoxicity in PAECs. As (2) O (3) and NaAsO (2) at 20 microM decreased PAEC viability, decreased G0/G1 phase, and increased apoptosis. An increased G2/M phase was observed in NaAsO (2)-treated PAECs, whereas an increase in secondary necrosis (late apoptosis) was observed in As (2) O (3)-treated PAECs. As (2) O (3)-induced apoptosis was associated with upregulation of p53 and caspase 3, whereas NaAsO (2)-induced apoptosis was associated with p53 upregulation. Sodium selenite (Na (2) SeO (3)) at 1 nM reduced 20 microM As (2) O (3)-induced cytotoxicity, but not apoptosis, at 24 h. Increased glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity by Na (2) SeO (3) pretreatment in 20 microM As (2) O (3)-treated PAECs suggests that Na (2) SeO (3) modulates As (2) O (3)-induced cytoxicity by GPX modulation. |
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