| 19337690 |
Nincheri P, Luciani P, Squecco R, Donati C, Bernacchioni C, Borgognoni L, Luciani G, Benvenuti S, Francini F, Bruni P: Sphingosine 1-phosphate induces differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells towards smooth muscle cells. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2009 May;66(10):1741-54.
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid which regulates multiple biological parameters in a number of cell types, including stem cells. Here we report, for the first time, that S1P dose-dependently stimulates differentiation of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASMC) towards smooth muscle cells. Indeed, S1P not only induced the expression of smooth muscle cell-specific proteins such as alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha SMA) and transgelin, but also profoundly affected ASMC morphology by enhancing cytoskeletal F-actin assembly, which incorporated alpha SMA. More importantly, S1P challenge was responsible for the functional appearance of Ca (2+) currents, characteristic of differentiated excitable cells such as smooth muscle cells. By employing various agonists and antagonists to inhibit S1P receptor subtypes, S1P (2) turned out to be critical for the pro-differentiating effect of S1P, while S1P (3) appeared to play a secondary role. This study individuates an important role of S1P in AMSC which can be exploited to favour vascular regeneration. |
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