Protein Information

ID 4191
Name XL1
Synonyms DMXL 1; DMXL1; Dmx like 1; Protein DmX like 1; X like 1 protein; XL1; Dmx like 1s; Protein DmX like 1s…

Compound Information

ID 1296
Name eugenol
CAS 2-methoxy-4-(2-propen-1-yl)phenol

Reference

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
14602615 Overhage J, Steinbuchel A, Priefert H: Highly efficient biotransformation of eugenol to ferulic acid and further conversion to vanillin in recombinant strains of Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2003 Nov;69(11):6569-76.
The vaoA gene from Penicillium simplicissimum CBS 170.90, encoding vanillyl alcohol oxidase, which also catalyzes the conversion of eugenol to coniferyl alcohol, was expressed in Escherichia coli XL1-Blue under the control of the lac promoter, together with the genes calA and calB, encoding coniferyl alcohol dehydrogenase and coniferyl aldehyde dehydrogenase of Pseudomonas sp. strain HR199, respectively. Resting cells of the corresponding recombinant strain E. coli XL1-Blue (pSKvaomPcalAmcalB) converted eugenol to ferulic acid with a molar yield of 91% within 15 h on a 50-ml scale, reaching a ferulic acid concentration of 8.6 g liter (-1). This biotransformation was scaled up to a 30-liter fermentation volume. The maximum production rate for ferulic acid at that scale was 14.4 mmol per h per liter of culture. The maximum concentration of ferulic acid obtained was 14.7 g liter (-1) after a total fermentation time of 30 h, which corresponded to a molar yield of 93.3% with respect to the added amount of eugenol. In a two-step biotransformation, E. coli XL1-Blue (pSKvaomPcalAmcalB) was used to produce ferulic acid from eugenol and, subsequently, E. coli (pSKechE/Hfcs) was used to convert ferulic acid to vanillin (J. Overhage, H. Priefert, and A. Steinbuchel, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65:4837-4847, 1999). This process led to 0.3 g of vanillin liter (-1), besides 0.1 g of vanillyl alcohol and 4.6 g of ferulic acid liter (-1). The genes ehyAB, encoding eugenol hydroxylase of Pseudomonas sp. strain HR199, and azu, encoding the potential physiological electron acceptor of this enzyme, were shown to be unsuitable for establishing eugenol bioconversion in E. coli XL1-Blue.
149(1,3,4,4)