Protein Information

Name aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Synonyms AHR; Ah receptor; AhR; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor; Aryl hydrocarbon receptor precursor; Dioxin receptor; Ah receptors; AhRs…

Compound Information

Name cycloheximide
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18729741 Shizu M, Itoh Y, Sunahara R, Chujo S, Hayashi H, Ide Y, Takii T, Koshiko M, Chung SW, Hayakawa K, Miyazawa K, Hirose K, Onozaki K: Cigarette smoke condensate upregulates the gene and protein expression of proinflammatory cytokines in human fibroblast-like synoviocyte line. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2008 Aug;28(8):509-21.


Cycloheximide treatment indicated that the augmenting effect of CSC on IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and IL-8, but not IL-6 and CYP1A1, mRNA expression requires de novo protein synthesis.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
19302817 N'Diaye M, Le Ferrec E, Kronenberg F, Dieplinger H, Le Vee M, Fardel O: TNFalpha- and NF-kappaB-dependent induction of the chemokine CCL1 in human macrophages exposed to the atherogenic lipoprotein (a). Life Sci. 2009 Mar 27;84(13-14):451-7. Epub 2009 Feb 2.

KEY FINDINGS: Using the AhR antagonist alpha-napthtoflavone, the translational inhibitor cycloheximide and anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) neutralizing antibodies, we demonstrated that Lp (a)-mediated mRNA induction of CCL1 occurs in an AhR-independent manner and requires de novo protein synthesis of TNFalpha.
34(0,1,1,4) Details
16226227 Pollenz RS, Popat J, Dougherty EJ: Role of the carboxy-terminal transactivation domain and active transcription in the ligand-induced and ligand-independent degradation of the mouse Ahb-1 receptor. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Nov 25;70(11):1623-33. Epub 2005 Oct 13.

To assess the importance of transactivation domains (TAD), DNA binding and transcription on the degradation of the AH receptor (AHR), Hepa-1 cells were pre-treated with actinomycin D (AD) or cycloheximide (CHX) and exposed to 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD).
31(0,1,1,1) Details
16446372 Caruso JA, Mathieu PA, Joiakim A, Zhang H, Reiners JJ Jr: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor modulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis and lysosomal disruption in a hepatoma model that is caspase-8-independent. J Biol Chem. 2006 Apr 21;281(16):10954-67. Epub 2006 Jan 30.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
17599377 Khan S, Liu S, Stoner M, Safe S: Cobaltous chloride and hypoxia inhibit aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated responses in breast cancer cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Aug 15;223(1):28-38. Epub 2007 May 25.

Cotreatment of ZR-75 cells with TCDD plus the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide for 6 h enhanced CYP1A1 expression in cells grown under hypoxia and normoxia.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
17257637 Akintobi AM, Villano CM, White LA: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure of normal human dermal fibroblasts results in AhR-dependent and -independent changes in gene expression. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Apr 1;220(1):9-17. Epub 2006 Dec 15.

TCDD-repression of Id-1 and -3 is independent of de novo protein synthesis; co-treatment with cycloheximide has no effect on TCDD inhibition of Id-1 and Id-3.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
16466815 Aluru N, Vijayan MM: Resveratrol affects CYP1A expression in rainbow trout hepatocytes. . Aquat Toxicol. 2006 May 10;77(3):291-7. Epub 2006 Feb 8.

Resveratrol (RVT), a polyphenolic phytoalexin found in a variety of food products, including grapes and peanuts, is a well-characterized aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist in mammalian cell lines.
This higher protein response with RVT was completely abolished with actinomycin D and cycloheximide suggesting transcriptional and translational regulation of CYP1A induction.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
20108032 Chopra M, Gahrs M, Haben M, Michels C, Schrenk D: Inhibition of apoptosis by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin depends on protein biosynthesis. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2010 Jan 27.

Most of the toxic effects of TCDD are believed to be mediated by high-affinity binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and subsequent effects on gene transcription and protein expression.
In this study, we examined the effects of TCDD on apoptosis induced by UV-C light, ochratoxin A (OTA), and cycloheximide (CHX) in primary rat hepatocytes.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
18055878 Murray IA, Perdew GH: Omeprazole stimulates the induction of human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 through aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008 Mar;324(3):1102-10. Epub 2007 Nov 30.

Cotreatment with cycloheximide further suggests a direct transcriptional role for hAhR at the hIGFBP-1 promoter.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16093525 Korashy HM, El-Kadi AO: Regulatory mechanisms modulating the expression of cytochrome P450 1A1 gene by heavy metals. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Nov;88(1):39-51. Epub 2005 Aug 10.

The protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, and 26S proteasome inhibitor, carbobenzoxy-L-leucyl-L-leucyl-leucinal (MG-132), super-induced the metal-mediated induction of Cyp1a1 mRNA.
In addition, all three metals induced aryl hydrocarbon receptor/xenobiotic-responsive element (AhR/XRE) binding, suggesting an AhR-dependent mechanism.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16426572 Zhang ZY, Pelletier RD, Wong YN, Sugawara M, Zhao N, Littlefield BA: Preferential inducibility of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 by TCDD: differential regulation in primary human hepatocytes versus transformed human cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Mar 10;341(2):399-407. Epub 2006 Jan 11.

Cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) induction, a marker of aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor activation, has been associated with carcinogenicity of the environmental agent 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD).
Moreover, while both genes were up-regulated by TCDD in primary hepatocytes and HepG2 cells, the induction of CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 at the mRNA level was distinguishable, indicated by the marked differences in activation kinetics and the response to the protein synthesis inhibitors, anisomycin and cycloheximide.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15837795 Beischlag TV, Perdew GH: ER alpha-AHR-ARNT protein-protein interactions mediate estradiol-dependent transrepression of dioxin-inducible gene transcription. J Biol Chem. 2005 Jun 3;280(22):21607-11. Epub 2005 Apr 18.

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) form a heterodimeric transcription factor upon binding a wide variety of environmental pollutants, including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD).
Both AHR and ARNT were capable of interacting directly with ER alpha, as ascertained by glutathione S-transferase pull-down. 17Beta-estradiol repressed TCDD-activated Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 gene transcription in MCF-7 cells in the presence of cycloheximide, as determined by reverse transcription/real-time PCR.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17606337 Elbekai RH, El-Kadi AO: Transcriptional activation and posttranscriptional modification of Cyp1a1 by arsenite, cadmium, and chromium. Toxicol Lett. 2007 Aug;172(3):106-19. Epub 2007 May 24.

Heavy metals alter the carcinogenicity of AhR ligands by modulating the induction of the Cyp1a1 enzyme, but the mechanism (s) remain unresolved.
The metal-mediated induction of Cyp1a1 mRNA was further potentiated by the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide and the 26S proteasome inhibitor, MG-132, but completely inhibited by the RNA transcription inhibitor, actinomycin-D, implying a transcriptional regulation of the Cyp1a1 gene by the heavy metals.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15608132 Gharavi N, El-Kadi AO: tert-Butylhydroquinone is a novel aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand. . Drug Metab Dispos. 2005 Mar;33(3):365-72. Epub 2004 Dec 17.

The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide superinduced the tBHQ-mediated induction of Cyp1a1 mRNA and completely prevented the increase in Cyp1a1 activity, indicating that the induction of enzyme activity by tBHQ is dependent on de novo protein synthesis.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18474416 Elbekai RH, El-Kadi AO: Arsenite and cadmium, but not chromium, induce NAD (P) H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 through transcriptional mechanisms, in spite of post-transcriptional modifications. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Aug;22(5):1184-90. Epub 2008 Mar 31.

Metals alter the carcinogenicity of AhR ligands, such as TCDD, by modulating the induction of Nqo1, but the mechanism (s) remain unresolved.
Furthermore, the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide decreased Nqo1 mRNA induction, suggesting a role for a labile protein in the transcriptional induction of Nqo1 mRNA by metals.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19667482 Saito K, Matsunaga H, Ohmura A, Takekuma M, Matsuki Y, Nakazawa H: Highly sensitive reporter gene assay for dioxins in human plasma by using cycloheximide as an enhancer substance. Anal Sci. 2009 Aug;25(8):1029-32.

Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) binding affinity factors (AhR-BAF), calculated from the effect concentration 50 (EC (50)) value, showed approximately the same values as those in WHO-TEF (2006).
1(0,0,0,1) Details