Protein Information

Name c Jun N terminal kinase (protein family or complex)
Synonyms c Jun N terminal kinase; JNK; c Jun NH (2) terminal kinase; Jun N terminal kinase

Compound Information

Name SMA
CAS sodium 2-chloroacetate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19175832 Lin YL, Wu CF, Huang YT: Effects of rhubarb on migration of rat hepatic stellate cells. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Mar;24(3):453-61. Epub 2008 Oct 23.


Phosphorylations of Smad2/3 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, p38, and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), were analyzed with Western blotting.
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18502066 Yang Y, Yang S, Chen M, Zhang X, Zou Y, Zhang X: Compound Astragalus and Salvia miltiorrhiza Extract exerts anti-fibrosis by mediating TGF-beta/Smad signaling in myofibroblasts. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008 Jul 23;118(2):264-70. Epub 2008 Apr 18.


Our experiment further demonstrated that, in vitro, (1) CASE inhibits TGF-beta (1)-dependent Smad2 phosphorylation at C-terminal region and Smad2 and Smad3 phosphorylation at linker region in MFBs in a dose-dependent manner; (2) CASE decreases the level of Smad 2/3/4 complex in MFBs induced by TGF-beta (1) in a dose-dependent manner; (3) CASE inhibits PAI-1 transcriptional activity in MFBs induced by TGF-beta (1) in a dose-dependent manner; and (4) CASE markedly decreases c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in MFBs induced by TGF-beta (1).
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19376089 Szuster-Ciesielska A, Plewka K, Daniluk J, Kandefer-Szerszen M: Zinc supplementation attenuates ethanol- and acetaldehyde-induced liver stellate cell activation by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and by influencing intracellular signaling. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Aug 1;78(3):301-14. Epub 2009 Apr 17.


Intracellular signals such as nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB), C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) induced by ethanol and its metabolite were also assessed.
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18552272 Liu Q, Mao H, Nie J, Chen W, Yang Q, Dong X, Yu X: Transforming growth factor {beta}1 induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by activating the JNK-Smad3 pathway in rat peritoneal mesothelial cells. Perit Dial Int. 2008 Jun;28 Suppl 3:S88-95.


It was reported that C-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was involved in the TGFbeta1/Smad signaling pathway and might regulate the activation of Smad proteins.
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18064666 Okada Y, Tsuzuki Y, Hokari R, Miyazaki J, Matsuzaki K, Mataki N, Komoto S, Watanabe C, Kawaguchi A, Nagao S, Itoh K, Miura S: Pressure loading and ethanol exposure differentially modulate rat hepatic stellate cell activation. J Cell Physiol. 2008 May;215(2):472-80.


Pressure loading alone induced up-regulation of alpha-SMA via the extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways, prolonged extension of marginal length, and increased production of collagen IV.
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