Protein Information

Name tyrosine hydroxylase
Synonyms Putative tyrosine hydroxylase variant; TH; TH protein; TYH; Truncated tyrosine hydroxylase; Tyrosine 3 hydroxylase; Tyrosine 3 monooxygenase; Tyrosine hydroxylase…

Compound Information

Name chlorpyrifos
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19318502 Dodd CA, Klein BG: Pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticide exposure in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine mouse model of Parkinson's disease: an immunohistochemical analysis of tyrosine hydroxylase and glial fibrillary acidic protein in dorsolateral striatum. Toxicol Ind Health. 2009 Feb;25(1):25-39.

The pyrethroid insecticide permethrin and the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos can experimentally produce Parkinson's disease (PD)-associated changes in the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway, short of frank degeneration, although at doses considerably higher than from a likely environmental exposure.
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19539729 Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ: Benzo [a] pyrene impairs neurodifferentiation in PC12 cells. Brain Res Bull. 2009 Aug 28;80(1-2):17-21. Epub 2009 Jun 17.

In order to determine if BaP directly affects neurodevelopment, we compared its effects to those of the organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos (CPF), in undifferentiated and differentiating neuronotypic PC12 cells, evaluating indices of cell replication, cell number, neurite outgrowth and phenotypic differentiation.
We directly confirmed BaP impairment of neurodifferentiation by measuring markers for the two neurotransmitter phenotypes expressed by PC12 cells: tyrosine hydroxylase (dopamine phenotype) and choline acetyltransferase (acetylcholine phenotype).
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16675418 Jameson RR, Seidler FJ, Qiao D, Slotkin TA: Chlorpyrifos affects phenotypic outcomes in a model of mammalian neurodevelopment: critical stages targeting differentiation in PC12 cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 May;114(5):667-72.

At the same time, CPF increased the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the enzymatic marker for the catecholamine phenotype, without affecting choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the corresponding marker for the cholinergic phenotype.
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