Protein Information

Name ace 1
Synonyms ACE; ACE 1; ACE T; ACE1; Angiotensin I converting enzyme; Angiotensin I converting enzyme protein; CD143; CD143 antigen…

Compound Information

Name chlorpyrifos
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
10593083 Pasteur N, Marquine M, Ben Cheikh H, Bernard C, Bourguet D: A new mechanism conferring unprecedented high resistance to chlorpyrifos in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 1999 Nov;36(6):794-802.

Chlorpyrifos resistance in the G strain was caused by a major gene (or group of genes) tightly linked to the Ace-1 gene (coding AChE-1 enzyme).
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16363165 Liu H, Xu Q, Zhang L, Liu N: Chlorpyrifos resistance in mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus. J Med Entomol. 2005 Sep;42(5):815-20.

The single mutation, G119S, resulting from a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), G to A, in ace-1 acetylcholinesterase gene was present in HAmCq and MAmCq mosquitoes.
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15311466 Yebakima A, Marquine M, Rosine J, Yp-Tcha MM, Pasteur N: Evolution of resistance under insecticide selection pressure in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (Diptera, Culicidae) from Martinique. J Med Entomol. 2004 Jul;41(4):718-25.

Larval samples collected in 1999 displayed resistance to the four tested insecticides: permethrin, propoxur, temephos, and chlorpyrifos.
This increased resistance to organophosphorus insecticides was associated with a sharp decrease of susceptible genotypes at two loci (Ester and ace-1), as well as to an allele replacement at the Ester locus.
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17017223 Cui F, Raymond M, Berthomieu A, Alout H, Weill M, Qiao CL: Recent emergence of insensitive acetylcholinesterase in Chinese populations of the mosquito Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). J Med Entomol. 2006 Sep;43(5):878-83.

According to previous findings, a unique mutation, G119S in the ace-1 gene, explained this high insensitivity.
Bioassays performed with a purified G119S strain indicated that this substitution was associated with high levels of resistance to chlorpyrifos, fenitrothion, malathion, and parathion, but low levels of resistance to dichlorvos, trichlorfon, and fenthion.
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