Protein Information

Name chlordecone reductase
Synonyms 3 alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 4; CDR; 3 alpha HSD; 3 alpha HSD1; 3 alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I; AKR1C4; Aldo keto reductase A; Aldo keto reductase family 1 member C4…

Compound Information

Name chlordecone
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
8011662 Ciaccio PJ, Tew KD: cDNA and deduced amino acid sequences of a human colon dihydrodiol dehydrogenase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Jun 28;1186(1-2):129-32.


The deduced amino acid sequence was 97%, 81%, and 76% identical to human liver dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (also called bile acid binder), human liver chlordecone reductase, and bovine lung prostaglandin f synthase, respectively.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10619355 Lin HK, Hung CF, Moore M, Penning TM: Genomic structure of rat 3alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD/DD, AKR1C9). J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1999 Nov;71(1-2):29-39.


This genomic structure is nearly identical to the homologous human genes, type 1 3alpha-HSD (chlordecone reductase/DD4, AKR1C4), type 2 3alpha-HSD (AKR1C3) and type 3 3alpha-HSD (bile-acid binding protein, AKR1C2) genes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2427522 Molowa DT, Shayne AG, Guzelian PS: Purification and characterization of chlordecone reductase from human liver. J Biol Chem. 1986 Sep 25;261(27):12624-7.

The toxic organochlorine pesticide, chlordecone (Kepone), is excreted in human bile primarily as a stable, reduced monoalcohol metabolite.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
8172617 Deyashiki Y, Ogasawara A, Nakayama T, Nakanishi M, Miyabe Y, Sato K, Hara A: Molecular cloning of two human liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase isoenzymes that are identical with chlordecone reductase and bile-acid binder. Biochem J. 1994 Apr 15;299 ( Pt 2):545-52.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
8274401 Qin KN, New MI, Cheng KC: Molecular cloning of multiple cDNAs encoding human enzymes structurally related to 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Dec;46(6):673-9.


The sequence of one of the cDNAs is identical to that of the human chlordecone reductase cDNA except that our clone contains a much longer 5'-coding sequence than previously reported.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
10510318 O'connor T, Ireland LS, Harrison DJ, Hayes JD: Major differences exist in the function and tissue-specific expression of human aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase and the principal human aldo-keto reductase AKR1 family members. Biochem J. 1999 Oct 15;343 Pt 2:487-504.


Complementary DNA clones encoding human aflatoxin B (1) aldehyde reductase (AKR7A2), aldehyde reductase (AKR1A1), aldose reductase (AKR1B1), dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 1 (AKR1C1) and chlordecone reductase (AKR1C4) have been expressed in Escherichia coli.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
1530633 Binstock JM, Iyer RB, Hamby CV, Fried VA, Schwartz IS, Weinstein BI, Southren AL: Human hepatic 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: possible identity with human hepatic chlordecone reductase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Sep 16;187(2):760-6.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
11158055 Dufort I, Labrie F, Luu-The V: Human types 1 and 3 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases: differential lability and tissue distribution. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Feb;86(2):841-6.


3 alpha-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3 alpha-HSDs) catalyze the conversion of 3-ketosteroids to 3 alpha-hydroxy compounds.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
7789999 Khanna M, Qin KN, Klisak I, Belkin S, Sparkes RS, Cheng KC: Localization of multiple human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase (DDH1 and DDH2) and chlordecone reductase (CHDR) genes in chromosome 10 by the polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomics. 1995 Jan 20;25(2):588-90.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
2187532 Winters CJ, Molowa DT, Guzelian PS: Isolation and characterization of cloned cDNAs encoding human liver chlordecone reductase. Biochemistry. 1990 Jan 30;29(4):1080-7.

Chlordecone (Kepone), a toxic organochlorine pesticide, undergoes bioreduction to chlordecone alcohol in human liver.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9716498 Shiraishi H, Ishikura S, Matsuura K, Deyashiki Y, Ninomiya M, Sakai S, Hara A: Sequence of the cDNA of a human dihydrodiol dehydrogenase isoform (AKR1C2) and tissue distribution of its mRNA. Biochem J. 1998 Sep 1;334 ( Pt 2):399-405.


Human liver contains three isoforms (DD1, DD2 and DD4) of dihydrodiol dehydrogenase with 20alpha- or 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity; the dehydrogenases belong to the aldo-oxo reductase (AKR) superfamily. cDNA species encoding DD1 and DD4 have been identified.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7626489 Khanna M, Qin KN, Cheng KC: Distribution of 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in rat brain and molecular cloning of multiple cDNAs encoding structurally related proteins in humans. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1995 Jun;53(1-6):41-6.


One of the cDNAs is identical to that of the human chlordecone reductase cDNA except that our clone contains a much longer 5'-coding sequence than previously reported.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8543560 Deyashiki Y, Tamada Y, Miyabe Y, Nakanishi M, Matsuura K, Hara A: Expression and kinetic properties of a recombinant 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid/dihydrodiol dehydrogenase isoenzyme of human liver. J Biochem. 1995 Aug;118(2):285-90.


In addition, the recombinant isoenzyme efficiently reduced 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone and 5 beta-dihydrocortisone, the known substrates of human liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and chlordecone reductase previously purified, which suggests that these human liver enzymes are identical.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8172618 Miura R, Shiota K, Noda K, Yagi S, Ogawa T, Takahashi M: Molecular cloning of cDNA for rat ovarian 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD1). Biochem J. 1994 Apr 15;299 ( Pt 2):561-7.


The sequence showed high similarity with those of rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3 alpha-HSD), bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase (PGFS), human liver chlordecone reductase (CDR), frog lens rho-crystallin and aldose reductases, indicating that 20 alpha-HSD belongs to the aldo-keto reductase family.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9310340 Jez JM, Flynn TG, Penning TM: A new nomenclature for the aldo-keto reductase superfamily. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Sep 15;54(6):639-47.


For example, human 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3apha-HSD) type I is also known as dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 4 and chlordecone reductase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1922097 Cheng KC, White PC, Qin KN: Molecular cloning and expression of rat liver 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Jun;5(6):823-8.


The predicted amino acid sequence of 3 alpha HSD was related to sequences of several other enzymes, including bovine prostaglandin F synthase, human chlordecone reductase, human aldose reductase, human aldehyde reductase, and frog lens epsilon-crystalline, suggesting that these proteins belong to the same gene family.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8194472 Albarracin CT, Parmer TG, Duan WR, Nelson SE, Gibori G: Identification of a major prolactin-regulated protein as 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase: coordinate regulation of its activity, protein content, and messenger ribonucleic acid expression. Endocrinology. 1994 Jun;134(6):2453-60.


The 37K protein showed sequence similarity with rabbit 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (20 alpha HSD), chlordecone reductase, prostaglandin synthase, and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which are members of the aldo-keto reductase group of enzymes that catalyze the NADPH-dependent reduction of carbonyl compounds.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8446108 Lacy WR, Washenick KJ, Cook RG, Dunbar BS: Molecular cloning and expression of an abundant rabbit ovarian protein with 20 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity. Mol Endocrinol. 1993 Jan;7(1):58-66.


Amino acid sequence data indicate a similarity to human chlordecone reductase, bovine lung prostaglandin F synthase, human aldose reductase, human aldehyde reductase, and frog lens rho-crystallin, placing rabbit ovarian 20 alpha HSD in the aldo-keto reductase family of proteins.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8486699 Stolz A, Hammond L, Lou H, Takikawa H, Ronk M, Shively JE: cDNA cloning and expression of the human hepatic bile acid-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 1993 May 15;268(14):10448-57.


Significant amino acid sequence homology was found with the human chlordecone reductase, bovine prostaglandin F synthetase, and rat hepatic-3 alpha-HSD suggesting, that HBAB is also a member of the recently identified, monomeric oxidoreductase gene family.
1(0,0,0,1) Details