Protein Information

Name glutathione S transferase
Synonyms GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2…

Compound Information

Name imidacloprid
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18399471 Bullangpoti V, Visetson S, Milne J, Milne M, Sudthongkong C, Pronbanlualap S: Effects of alpha-mangostin from mangosteen pericarp extract and imidacloprid on Nilaparvata lugens (Stal.) and non-target organisms: toxicity and detoxification mechanism. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2007;72(3):431-41.

In vitro detoxification enzyme activities of carboxylesterase, acetylcholinesterase and glutathione-s-transferase from BPH after 24 hours exposure were also observed.
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14635178 Rauch N, Nauen R: Identification of biochemical markers linked to neonicotinoid cross resistance in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2003 Dec;54(4):165-76.

Target site resistance to imidacloprid using [(3) H] imidacloprid in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) binding assays could not be detected in any of these highly resistant strains.
The impact of metabolizing enzymes such as esterases, glutathione S-transferases, and cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases in neonicotinoid resistance was studied biochemically with artificial substrates.
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19419775 Riaz MA, Poupardin R, Reynaud S, Strode C, Ranson H, David JP: Impact of glyphosate and benzo [a] pyrene on the tolerance of mosquito larvae to chemical insecticides. Aquat Toxicol. 2009 Jun 4;93(1):61-9. Epub 2009 Mar 31.

The effect of exposure of Aedes aegypti larvae for 72h to sub-lethal concentrations of the herbicide glyphosate and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo [a] pyrene on their subsequent tolerance to the chemical insecticides imidacloprid, permethrin and propoxur, detoxification enzyme activities and transcription of detoxification genes was investigated.
Larval glutathione S-transferases activities were strongly induced after exposure to propoxur and moderately induced after exposure to benzo [a] pyrene and glyphosate.
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19937914 Feng Y, Wu Q, Wang S, Chang X, Xie W, Xu B, Zhang Y: Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Pest Manag Sci. 2010 Mar;66(3):313-8.


Compared with the susceptible strain (TH-S), the selected TH-R strain showed obvious cross-resistance to imidacloprid (47.3-fold), acetamiprid (35.8-fold), nitenpyram (9.99-fold), abamectin (5.33-fold) and carbosulfan (4.43-fold).
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19505710 Tisler T, Jemec A, Mozetic B, Trebse P: Hazard identification of imidacloprid to aquatic environment. Chemosphere. 2009 Aug;76(7):907-14. Epub 2009 Jun 7.

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14667058 Zewen L, Zhaojun H, Yinchang W, Lingchun Z, Hongwei Z, Chengjun L: Selection for imidacloprid resistance in Nilaparvata lugens: cross-resistance patterns and possible mechanisms. Pest Manag Sci. 2003 Dec;59(12):1355-9.

We concluded that esterase and glutathione S-transferase play little role in imidacloprid detoxification.
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18190949 Drobne D, Blazic M, Van Gestel CA, Leser V, Zidar P, Jemec A, Trebse P: Toxicity of imidacloprid to the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber (Isopoda, Crustacea). Chemosphere. 2008 Apr;71(7):1326-34. Epub 2008 Jan 10.

We therefore assessed the effects of imidacloprid on survival, weight gain, feeding rate, total protein content, glutathione S-transferase activity (GST), and digestive gland epithelial thickness in juveniles and adults of the terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber.
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