Protein Information

Name alkaline phosphatase
Synonyms ALP 1; Alkaline phosphatase; ALPG; ALPPL; ALPPL 2; ALPPL2; GCAP; Germ cell alkaline phosphatase…

Compound Information

Name cycloheximide
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
15599000 Grewal R, Mahmood A: Coordinated secretion of alkaline phosphatase into serum and intestine in fat-fed rats. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2004 Sep-Oct;23(5):175-7.

Administration of cycloheximide or actinomycin D significantly reduced alkaline phosphatase activity in serum (p < 0.01) and in intestinal mucosa (p < 0.05).
87(1,1,1,7) Details
20332434 Lea MA, Ibeh C, Han L, Desbordes C: Inhibition of growth and induction of differentiation markers by polyphenolic molecules and histone deacetylase inhibitors in colon cancer cells. Anticancer Res. 2010 Feb;30(2):311-8.

Cycloheximide inhibited protein synthesis in the 3 cell types examined but paradoxically, in Caco-2 cells it caused increased specific activities of alkaline phosphatase and dipeptidyl peptidase.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
17036165 Lai YL, Yamaguchi M: Phytocomponent p-hydroxycinnamic acid stimulates bone formation and inhibits bone resorption in rat femoral tissues in vitro. Mol Cell Biochem. 2006 Nov;292(1-2):45-52. Epub 2006 Oct 12.

The effect of HCA (10 (-4),M) in increasing calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity, and DNA content in the diaphyseal or metaphyseal tissues was completely prevented in the presence of cycloheximide (10 (-6),M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
17203194 Uchiyama S, Yamaguchi M: Genistein and zinc synergistically enhance gene expression and mineralization in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Mol Med. 2007 Feb;19(2):213-20.

The effect of genistein (10 (-5) M) plus zinc (10 (-4) M) in enhancing the expression of alpha1 (I) collagen, alkaline phosphatase, or osteocalcin mRNAs in osteoblastic cells was completely prevented with a culture of cycloheximide (10 (-7) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenimidazole (DRB) (10 (-6) M), an inhibitor of transcriptional activity.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
16272706 Uchiyama S, Ishiyama K, Hashimoto K, Yamaguchi M: Synergistic effect of beta-cryptoxanthin and zinc sulfate on the bone component in rat femoral tissues in vitro: the unique anabolic effect with zinc. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Nov;28(11):2142-5.

The effect of the combination of beta-cryptoxanthin (10 (-9) M) plus zinc (10 (-6) M) in increasing calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity, and DNA content in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues was completely prevented in the presence of cycloheximide (10 (-6) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DBR), an inhibitor of transcriptional activity.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
15962303 Uchiyama S, Yamaguchi M: beta-cryptoxanthin stimulates cell differentiation and mineralization in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. J Cell Biochem. 2005 Aug 15;95(6):1224-34.

Culture with beta-cryptoxanthin (10 (-7) or 10 (-6) M) for 3 days caused a significant increase in Runx2 type 1, Runx2 type 2, alpha1 (I) collagen, and alkaline phosphatase mRNA levels in osteoblastic cells.
These increases were completely blocked in the presence of cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB), an inhibitor of transcriptional activity.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
15754031 Uchiyama S, Yamaguchi M: beta-Cryptoxanthin stimulates cell proliferation and transcriptional activity in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Int J Mol Med. 2005 Apr;15(4):675-81.

The stimulatory effect of beta-cryptoxanthin (10 (-6) M) on cellular biochemical components was completely prevented in the presence of cycloheximide (10 (-6) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB; 10 (-9) M), an inhibitor of transcriptional activity.
When osteoblastic cells with subconfluency were cultured for 48 or 72 h in FBS free-medium containing beta-cryptoxanthin (10 (-8) to 10 (-6) M), alkaline phosphatase activity or deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) content in the cells was significantly increased.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15547677 Ishida K, Yamaguchi M: Role of albumin in osteoblastic cells: enhancement of cell proliferation and suppression of alkaline phosphatase activity. Int J Mol Med. 2004 Dec;14(6):1077-81.

Also, the stimulating effect of albumin on cell proliferation was completely prevented in the presence of cycloheximide (10 (-7) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB), an inhibitor of transcriptional activity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17113042 Hsu YL, Chang JK, Tsai CH, Chien TT, Kuo PL: Myricetin induces human osteoblast differentiation through bone morphogenetic protein-2/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Feb 15;73(4):504-14. Epub 2006 Oct 26.


By means of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, osteocalcin, and type I collagen enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), we have shown that myricetin exhibits a significant induction of differentiation in MG-63 and hFOB human osteoblasts.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17368935 Choi EM: Modulatory effects of luteolin on osteoblastic function and inflammatory mediators in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Cell Biol Int. 2007 Sep;31(9):870-7. Epub 2007 Feb 11.

Luteolin (1microM) caused a significant elevation of collagen content, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and osteocalcin secretion in the cells (P <0.05).
The effect of luteolin in increasing collagen content and ALP activity was completely prevented by the presence of 10 (-6) M cycloheximide and 10 (-6) M tamoxifen, suggesting that luteolin's effect results from a newly synthesized protein component and might be partly involved in estrogen action.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15922308 Choi EM: The licorice root derived isoflavan glabridin increases the function of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2005 Aug 1;70(3):363-8.

Glabridin (1-10microM) significantly increased the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells and caused a significant elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen content and osteocalcin secretion in the cells (P <0.05).
The effect of glabridin (10microM) in increasing ALP activity and collagen content was completely prevented by the presence of 10 (-6) M cycloheximide and 10 (-6) M tamoxifen, suggesting that glabridin's effect results from a newly synthesized protein component and might be partly involved in estrogen action.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17512555 Kawabata N, Kamiya N, Suzuki N, Matsumoto M, Takagi M: Changes in extracellular activin A:follistatin ratio during differentiation of a mesenchymal progenitor cell line, ROB-C26 into osteoblasts and adipocytes. Life Sci. 2007 Jun 13;81(1):8-18. Epub 2007 Apr 21.

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) mRNA expression and its activity in the confluent C26 cells were dose- and time-dependently stimulated by BMP-2, but inhibited by Dex.
Cycloheximide pre-treatment indicated that FS and activin A expressions appear to be the direct target of BMP-2 and Dex signaling.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16350840 Kirimoto A, Takagi Y, Ohya K, Shimokawa H: Effects of retinoic acid on the differentiation of chondrogenic progenitor cells, ATDC5. J Med Dent Sci. 2005 Sep;52(3):153-62.

In this study, we show that RA suppresses the cell growth, cartilage nodule formation, accumulation of proteoglycan, alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity and mineralization and that RA dose dependently upregulates the levels of type X collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) mRNA which are marker proteins of hypertrophic chondrocytes, in ATDC5 cells.
The addition of protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide (CHX), partially inhibits the induction of type X collagen and MMP-13 mRNA by RA.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16883635 Lee KH, Choi EM: Rubus coreanus Miq. extract promotes osteoblast differentiation and inhibits bone-resorbing mediators in MC3T3-E1 cells. Am J Chin Med. 2006;34(4):643-54.

RCE (10approximately50 microg/ml) caused a significant elevation in cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen content, and osteocalcin secretion in the cells.
The effect of RCE (50 microg/ml) in increasing cell viability, ALP activity, and collagen content was prevented by the presence of 10 (-6) M cycloheximide and 10 (-6) M tamoxifen, suggesting that RCE's effect results from a newly synthesized protein component and might be partly involved in estrogen action.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17899321 Uchiyama S, Yamaguchi M: Anabolic effect of beta-cryptoxanthin in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells is enhanced with 17beta-estradiol, genistein, or zinc sulfate in vitro: the unique effect with zinc on Runx2 and alpha1 (I) collagen mRNA expressions. Mol Cell Biochem. 2008 Jan;307(1-2):209-19. Epub 2007 Sep 25.

Such an effect was not seen in the presence of cycloheximide (10 (-7) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D: -ribofuranosyl-benzimidazole (DRB; 10 (-6) M), an inhibitor of transcriptional activity.
Protein content or alkaline phosphatase activity in osteoblastic cells were significantly increased after culture with CRP (10 (-7) or 10 (-6) M), 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (3) (VD (3); 10 (-9) or 10 (-8) M), 17beta-estradiol (E (2); 10 (-9) M), genistein (10 (-7) or 10 (-6) M), or menaquinone-7 (MK-7; 10 (-7) or 10 (-6) M).
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16327168 Lai YL, Yamaguchi M: Effects of copper on bone component in the femoral tissues of rats: anabolic effect of zinc is weakened by copper. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Dec;28(12):2296-301.

Culture with zinc sulfate (10 (-4) M) caused a significant increase in calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity in the diaphyseal and metaphyseal tissues.
The effects of zinc (10 (-4) M) in increasing femoral calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity were not seen in the presence of cycloheximide (10 (-6) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, suggesting that the effects of zinc are involved in newly synthesized protein components.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16820941 Otomo Y, Yamaguchi M: Regulatory effect of exogenous regucalcin on cell function in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells: involvement of intracellular signaling factor. Int J Mol Med. 2006 Aug;18(2):321-7.

The results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis with specific primers showed that the expression of Runx 2 (Cbfa 1) and alkaline phosphatase mRNAs in osteoblastic cells was significantly suppressed in the presence of regucalcin (10 (-10) or 10 (-9) M).
The presence of regucalcin did not have a significant effect on protein and DNA contents in the cells cultured with cycloheximide (10 (-7) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro -1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (10 (-6) M), an inhibitor of transcription activity; which each inhibitor caused a significant decrease in those contents.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17416199 Choi EM: Apigenin increases osteoblastic differentiation and inhibits tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced production of interleukin-6 and nitric oxide in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Pharmazie. 2007 Mar;62(3):216-20.

Apigenin (0.01 microM) significantly increased the growth of MC3T3-E1 cells and caused a significant elevation of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and collagen content in the cells (P < 0.05).
The effect of apigenin in increasing ALP activity and collagen content was completely prevented by the presence of 10 (-6) M cycloheximide and 10-6 M tamoxifen, suggesting that apigenin's effect results from a newly synthesized protein component and might be partly involved in estrogen action.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16204952 Lee KH, Choi EM: Biochanin A stimulates osteoblastic differentiation and inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced production of inflammatory mediators in MC3T3-E1 cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Oct;28(10):1948-53.

Biochanin A (1-50 microM) caused a significant elevation of cell growth, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, collagen content, and osteocalcin secretion in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells (p <0.05).
The effect of biochanin A (10 microM) in increasing ALP activity and collagen content was completely prevented by the presence of 10 (-6) M cycloheximide and 10 (-6) M tamoxifen, suggesting that biochanin A's effect results from a newly synthesized protein component and might be partly involved in estrogen action.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18266973 Gressner OA, Lahme B, Siluschek M, Rehbein K, Herrmann J, Weiskirchen R, Gressner AM: Activation of TGF-beta within cultured hepatocytes and in liver injury leads to intracrine signaling with expression of connective tissue growth factor. J Cell Mol Med. 2008 Dec;12(6B):2717-30. Epub 2008 Feb 4.

In alkaline phosphatase monoclonal anti-alkaline phosphatase complex (APAAP)-staining of cultured hepatocytes it was demonstrated that latent TGF-beta within the hepatocytes becomes rapidly detectable during culture indicating an intracellular demasking of the mature TGF-beta antigen.
Cycloheximide did not abolish the rapid immunocytochemical appearance of mature TGF-beta, but calpain inhibitors partially suppressed intracellular TGF-beta activation and subsequently CTGF up-regulation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details