Protein Information

Name demethylase
Synonyms DMTase; Demethylase; MBD 2; MBD2; Methyl CpG binding domain protein 2; Methyl CpG binding protein MBD2; NY CO 41; Demethylases…

Compound Information

Name hexachlorobenzene
CAS 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorobenzene

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
577371 Dybing E, Aune T: Hexachlorobenzene induction of 2,4-diaminoanisole mutagenicity in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1977 May;40(5):575-83.

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB)-pretreatment of rats leads to an increase in liver microsomal 2,4-diaminoanisole activation to a mutagen after a dose of 10 mg/kg intraperitoneally and to an increase in ethylmorphine N-demethylase after a dose of 50 mg/kg intraperitoneally. 2,4-Diaminoanisole mutagenicity was increased 24 hrs after HCB-pretreatment, whereas ethylmorphine N-demethylase first increased after 48 hrs.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
2425856 Gutkina NI, Mishin VM, Liakhovich VV: [Induction of the phenobarbital form of cytochrome P-450 by chemically unrelated compounds]. Biokhimiia. 1986 Jul;51(7):1223-9.

The induction of the phenobarbital form of cytochrome P-450 by xenobiotics (phenobarbital, PB, hexachlorobenzene, HCB; hexachlorocyclohexane.
It was demonstrated that administration of these compounds to animals is accompanied by an increase in the total cytochrome P-450, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase, benzphetamine-N-demethylase and aldrin-epoxidase activities.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
6286155 Goldstein JA, Linko P, Huckins JN, Stalling DL: Structure-activity relationships of chlorinated benzenes as inducers of different forms of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver. Chem Biol Interact. 1982 Aug;41(2):131-9.

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) produced increases in ethoxyresorufin (ERR) O-deethylase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities in rat liver phenobarbital which were intermediate between those produced by phenobarbital and 3,4-benzpyrene (BP), alpha-Naphthoflavone (ANF) selectivity inhibited ERR activity in BP and HCB-induced microsomes (94% and 88%).
31(0,1,1,1) Details
6640429 Denomme MA, Leece B, Gyorkos J, Homonko K, Safe S: Polychlorinated benzene and phenol congeners as inducers of rat hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in immature male Wistar rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1983 Sep;61(9):1063-70.

Hexachlorobenzene induced DMAP N-demethylase and aldrin epoxidase, two PB-inducible enzymes, and benzo [a] pyrene hydroxylase and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase, two enzymes induced by 3-methylcholanthrene (MC).
7(0,0,1,2) Details
3596752 Li SM, Denomme MA, Leece B, Safe S, Dutton D, Parkinson A, Thomas PE, Ryan D, Bandiera S, Reik LM, et al.: Hexachlorobenzene and substituted pentachlorobenzenes (X-C6Cl5) as inducers of hepatic cytochrome P-450-dependent mono-oxygenases. IARC Sci Publ. 1986;(77):527-34.

Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and 2,3,4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl induced a similar spectrum of cytochrome-P-450-dependent mono-oxygenase activities in the rat, including 4-dimethylaminoantipyrine N-demethylase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD).
7(0,0,1,2) Details
7126264 Holme JA, Dybing E: Induction of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 and associated monooxygenases by octachlorostyrene in inbred strains of mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 1982 Aug 1;31(15):2523-9.

Single intraperitoneal injections of octachlorostyrene (OCS) and hexachlorobenzene in genetically polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon "responsive' C57/BL/6 (B6) mice led to a time- and dose-dependent increase in the levels of liver microsomal cytochromes P-450 and b5 as well as in the activities of NADPH cytochrome P-450 (cytochrome c) reductase, ethylmorphine (EM) N-demethylase, 4-nitroanisole (PNA) O-demethylase and acetanilide 4-hydroxylase (AcA hydroxylase).
7(0,0,1,2) Details
8154922 Goerz G, Bolsen K, Kalofoutis A, Tsambaos D: Influence of oral isotretinoin on hepatic and cutaneous P-450-dependent isozyme activities. Arch Dermatol Res. 1994;286(2):104-6.

Oral administration of isotretinoin (13-cis-retinoic acid) (6 mg/kg per day), 0.05% hexachlorobenzene (HCB) or both drugs simultaneously for 10 days to female Wistar rats caused a statistically significant induction of aminopyrine-N-demethylase (ADM), 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (7-ERO-D) and erythromycin-N-demethylase (EMDM) in the liver microsomes.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
6620405 Chu I, Villeneuve D, Secours V, Valli VE: Comparative toxicity of 1,2,3,4-, 1,2,4,5-, and 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene in the rat: results of acute and subacute studies. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1983 Apr-Jun;11(4-6):663-77.


Hepatic microsomal aminopyrine demethylase activity was increased by the administration of this compound at 50 ppm and higher in males and at 500 ppm in the females.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3879174 Merk H, von Zittwitz A, Bolsen K, Goerz G: Influence of (+)-propoxyphene on the hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria of rats. Arzneimittelforschung. 1985;35(11):1685-7.

The simultaneous treatment of rats with HCB and (+)-propoxyphene decreased the HCB induced cytochrome P-450 content and the aminopyrine-N-demethylase activity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15808524 Billi de Catabbi SC, Faletti A, Fuentes F, San Martin de Viale LC, Cochon AC: Hepatic arachidonic acid metabolism is disrupted after hexachlorobenzene treatment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 15;204(2):187-95.

HCB treatment induced the accumulation of hepatic porphyrins from day 17 and increased the activities of liver ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MROD), and aminopyrine N-demethylase (APND) from day 3 after the last dose.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3085962 Gutkina NI, Mishin VM: Immunochemical evidences that hexachlorobenzene induces two forms of cytochrome P-450 in the rat liver microsomes. Chem Biol Interact. 1986 Apr;58(1):57-68.

Like PB, HCB induces the activities of aminopyrine- and benzphetamine-N-demethylases.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
4002661 Mishin VM, Gutkina NI: [Hexachlorobenzene induction of 2 forms of cytochrome P-450 in the rat liver microsome]. Vopr Med Khim. 1985 Mar-Apr;31(2):68-72.

HCB was shown to increase the content of cytochrome P-450 as well as aminopyrine- and benzphetamine-N-demethylase activities in liver microsomes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3629612 Cantoni L, Rizzardini M, Tacconi MT, Graziani A: Comparison of hexachlorobenzene-induced alterations of microsomal membrane composition and monooxygenase activity in male and female rats. Toxicology. 1987 Sep;45(3):291-305.

Analysis of patterns of induction of microsomal monooxygenases showed that aminopyrine-N-demethylase activity doubled in both sexes after treatment while aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity was 16 times the control value in the females and 1.5 times in the males.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
731187 Mull RL, Winterlin WL, Peoples SA, Giri SN, Ocampo L: Hexachlorobenzene II. J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1978 Jul-Aug;1(6):927-37.

Additionally, hepatic microsomal N-demethylase was increased significantly by the 90-day exposure at 1.0 ppm and the 19-day exposure at 100 ppm, but the hepatic microsomal O-demethylase was significantly increased only after the 1.0-ppm exposure.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6618147 Campbell MA, Gyorkos J, Leece B, Homonko K, Safe S: The effects of twenty-two organochlorine pesticides as inducers of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes. Gen Pharmacol. 1983;14(4):445-54.

The effects of 22 organohalogen pesticides as inducers of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in the immature male Wistar rat have been determined, this group includes four isomeric hexachlorocyclohexanes, technical chlordane, alpha-chlordane, gamma-chlordane, oxychlordane, trans-nonachlor, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin, kepone, toxaphene, mirex, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and several DDT analogs.
With the exception of HCB, all of the pesticides induced microsomal dimethylaminoantipyrine, N-demethylase and aldrin epoxidase activities and the cytochrome P-450 content of microsomes from animals pretreated with most of the compounds was also increased compared to control rats.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
317704 Vizethum W, Goerz G: Induction of the hepatic microsomal and nuclear cytochrome P-450 system by hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol and trichlorophenol. Chem Biol Interact. 1979 Dec;28(2-3):291-9.

0(0,0,0,0) Details
3952775 Rozman K, Gorski JR, Rozman P, Parkinson A: Reduced serum thyroid hormone levels in hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria. Toxicol Lett. 1986 Jan;30(1):71-8.

At the end of the experiment (day 97), the concentration of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome bs and the activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase, aminopyrine-N-demethylase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase were significantly induced, whereas the activity of NADPH-cytochrome c reductase and benzo [a] pyrene hydroxylase was not.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7979550 Tsambaos D, Bolsen K, Georgiou S, Monastirli A, Goerz G: Effects of oral thalidomide on rat liver and skin microsomal P450 isozyme activities and on urinary porphyrin excretion: interaction with oral hexachlorobenzene. Arch Dermatol Res. 1994;286(6):347-9.

The protein and P450 contents and the activities of aminopyrine-N-demethylase (ADM) and 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (7-ERO-D) were determined in the liver microsomes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
233 Ivanov E, Krustev L, Adjarov D, Chernev K, Apostolov I, Dimitrov P, Drenska E, Stefanova M, Pramatarova V: Studies on the mechanism of the changes in serum and liver gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. Enzyme. 1976;21(1):8-20.

Experimental hexachlorobenzene porphyria in rabbits..
There was a considerable increase in liver microsomal protein, gamma-GT, cytochrome P-450, anilinehydroxylase, aminopyrine-demethylase and delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2510602 Rodman LE, Shedlofsky SI, Swim AT, Robertson LW: Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cytochrome P450 induction in the chick embryo hepatocyte culture. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Nov 15;275(1):252-62.


Dose-response effects for the induction of total cytochrome P450 ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity, and benzphetamine demethylase (BPDM) activity were studied using 10 selected tetra- to hexachlorinated PCB congeners.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7466831 Debets FM, Strik JJ, Olie K: Effects of pentachlorophenol on rat liver changes induced by hexachlorobenzene, with special reference to porphyria, and alterations in mixed function oxygenases. Toxicology. 1980;15(3):181-95.

Microsomal cytochrome P-450, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, ethoxyresorufin O-de-ethylase, aminopyrine N-demethylase, and glucuronyl transferase increased to a maximum in 2-4 weeks in HCB and HCB + PCP fed rats.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3872633 Goerz G, Bolsen K, Merk H: Influence of chloroquine on the porphyrin metabolism. . Arch Dermatol Res. 1985;277(2):114-7.


Rats were treated with the well-known porphyrogen hexachlorobenzene (HCB) to induce experimental porphyria.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
7064718 Holme JA, Dybing E: Induction of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 and associated monooxygenases by octachlorostyrene in the rat. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1982 Jan;50(1):41-9.


The inducing effects of octachlorostyrene (OCS) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants found in fish, on the microsomal cytochrome p-450 system were studied in rats.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
1265351 Turner JC, Green RS: The use of a liver biopsy technique for investigating the effects of hexacholrobenzene on some drug-metabolising enzymes in sheep. Res Vet Sci. 1976 Mar;20(2):155-7.


Sheep dosed with hexachlorobenzene (hcb) showed increased activities of aniline hydroxylase and 4-nitroanisole O-demethylase but not of the NADPH-independent esterases.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
7197951 Goerz G, Bolsen K, Staib AH, Lissner R: [Influence of theophylline on hexachlorobenzene induced porphyria (author's transl)]. Arzneimittelforschung. 1981;31(9):1446-7.

0(0,0,0,0) Details