| Name | PON1 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | A esterase 1; Aromatic esterase 1; Arylesterase; ESA; Esterase A; K 45; PON; PON 1… |
| Name | diazinon |
|---|---|
| CAS |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16002382 | Searles Nielsen S, Mueller BA, De Roos AJ, Viernes HM, Farin FM, Checkoway H: Risk of brain tumors in children and susceptibility to organophosphorus insecticides: the potential role of paraoxonase (PON1). Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul;113(7):909-13. Organophosphorus insecticides (OPs) target the developing nervous system, and until recently, the most common residential insecticides were chlorpyrifos and diazinon, two OPs metabolized in the body through the cytochrome P450/paraoxonase 1 (PON1) pathway. |
87(1,1,1,7) | Details |
| 11888590 | Cherry N, Mackness M, Durrington P, Povey A, Dippnall M, Smith T, Mackness B: Paraoxonase (PON1) polymorphisms in farmers attributing ill health to sheep dip. Lancet. 2002 Mar 2;359(9308):763-4. Human serum paraoxonase (PON1) hydrolyses diazinonoxon, the active metabolite of diazinon, which is an organophosphate used in sheep dip. |
83(1,1,1,3) | Details |
| 12519632 | Costa LG, Richter RJ, Li WF, Cole T, Guizzetti M, Furlong CE: Paraoxonase (PON 1) as a biomarker of susceptibility for organophosphate toxicity. Biomarkers. 2003 Jan-Feb;8(1):1-12. Paraoxonase (PON1) is an A-esterase capable of hydrolysing the active metabolites (oxons) of a number of organophosphorus (OP) insecticides such as parathion, diazinon and chlorpyrifos. |
38(0,1,1,8) | Details |
| 11191881 | Li WF, Costa LG, Richter RJ, Hagen T, Shih DM, Tward A, Lusis AJ, Furlong CE: Catalytic efficiency determines the in-vivo efficacy of PON1 for detoxifying organophosphorus compounds. Pharmacogenetics. 2000 Dec;10(9):767-79. In the present study, we investigated the in-vivo function of PON1 for detoxifying organophosphorus insecticides in PON1-knockout mice that were challenged via dermal exposure with diazoxon, diazinon and paraoxon. |
37(0,1,1,7) | Details |
| 10898114 | Brophy VH, Jarvik GP, Richter RJ, Rozek LS, Schellenberg GD, Furlong CE: Analysis of paraoxonase (PON1) L55M status requires both genotype and phenotype. Pharmacogenetics. 2000 Jul;10(5):453-60. PON1 also hydrolyses the bioactive oxon forms of organophosphorus pesticides such as parathion, diazinon and chlorpyrifos. |
15(0,0,1,10) | Details |
| 19907334 | Manthripragada AD, Costello S, Cockburn MG, Bronstein JM, Ritz B: Paraoxonase 1, agricultural organophosphate exposure, and Parkinson disease. Epidemiology. 2010 Jan;21(1):87-94. METHODS: We examined associations between Parkinson disease and the organophosphates diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and parathion, and the influence of a functional polymorphism at position 55 in the coding region of the PON1 gene (PON1-55). |
15(0,0,2,5) | Details |
| 15864126 | O'Leary KA, Edwards RJ, Town MM, Boobis AR: Genetic and other sources of variation in the activity of serum paraoxonase/diazoxonase in humans: consequences for risk from exposure to diazinon. Pharmacogenet Genomics. 2005 Jan;15(1):51-60. |
13(0,0,1,8) | Details |
| 17936934 | Furlong CE: Genetic variability in the cytochrome P450-paraoxonase 1 (PON1) pathway for detoxication of organophosphorus compounds. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2007;21(4):197-205. The detoxication of the oxon forms of diazinon and chlorpyrifos is achieved by hydrolysis to the respective aromatic and diethyl phosphates primarily by paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a plasma enzyme tightly associated with high-density lipoprotein particles and also found in liver. |
12(0,0,1,7) | Details |
| 10373407 | Haley RW, Billecke S, La Du BN: Association of low PON1 type Q (type A) arylesterase activity with neurologic symptom complexes in Gulf War veterans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999 Jun 15;157(3):227-33. Type Q is the allozyme of paraoxonase/arylesterase that most efficiently hydrolyzes several organophosphates including sarin, soman, and diazinon. |
10(0,0,1,5) | Details |
| 8896566 | Davies HG, Richter RJ, Keifer M, Broomfield CA, Sowalla J, Furlong CE: The effect of the human serum paraoxonase polymorphism is reversed with diazoxon, soman and sarin. Nat Genet. 1996 Nov;14(3):334-6. In 1990, there were 1.36 million kg of chlorpyrifos, 4.67 million kg of diazinon and 1.23 million kg of ethyl parathion manufactured in the USA (data supplied by the USEPA). |
9(0,0,0,9) | Details |
| 12563177 | Mackness B, Durrington P, Povey A, Thomson S, Dippnall M, Mackness M, Smith T, Cherry N: Paraoxonase and susceptibility to organophosphorus poisoning in farmers dipping sheep. Pharmacogenetics. 2003 Feb;13(2):81-8. Diazoxon is the active metabolite of diazinon, the sheep dip most commonly used in the UK. |
8(0,0,0,8) | Details |
| 17132760 | Mutch E, Daly AK, Williams FM: The Relationship between PON1 phenotype and PON1-192 genotype in detoxification of three oxons by human liver. Drug Metab Dispos. 2007 Feb;35(2):315-20. Epub 2006 Nov 28. Phosphorothioate pesticides (OP) such as diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and parathion are activated to highly toxic oxon metabolites by the cytochromes P450 (P450s), mainly in the liver. |
6(0,0,0,6) | Details |
| 16915393 | Lee CH, Kamijima M, Kim H, Shibata E, Ueyama J, Suzuki T, Takagi K, Saito I, Gotoh M, Hibi H, Naito H, Nakajima T: levels in human leukocyte and urine according to exposure to organophosphorus pesticides and paraoxonase 1 genotype. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2007 Jan;80(3):217-27. Epub 2006 Aug 17. Sprayers were primarily exposed to OP insecticides (mainly fenitrothion, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, and diazinon), and partially to pyrethroids (mainly permethrin) and carbamates (mainly propoxur). |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 18711144 | Stevens RC, Suzuki SM, Cole TB, Park SS, Richter RJ, Furlong CE: Engineered recombinant human paraoxonase 1 (rHuPON1) purified from Escherichia coli protects against organophosphate poisoning. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Sep 2;105(35):12780-4. Epub 2008 Aug 18. Experiments with mice lacking PON1 (PON1 (-/-) mice) have established that plasma PON1 protects against chlorpyrifos/chlorpyrifos-oxon and diazinon/diazoxon (DZO) exposure but does not protect against parathion/paraoxon or nerve agents. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 12655035 | Poet TS, Wu H, Kousba AA, Timchalk C: In vitro rat hepatic and intestinal metabolism of the organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon. Toxicol Sci. 2003 Apr;72(2):193-200. Epub 2003 Mar 7. In addition, A-esterase (PON1) metabolism of CPF- and DZN-oxon also forms TCP and IMHP. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 20156521 | Povey AC: Gene-environmental interactions and organophosphate toxicity. Toxicology. 2010 Feb 13. OP oxons are inactivated by serum paraoxonase (PON1) and mice lacking PON1 activity are susceptible to oxon and parent OP induced toxicity. A wide range of OPs have previously been used to treat sheep but currently the only OP licenced for treating sheep is diazinon. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 17536768 | Povey AC, Jury F, Dippnall WM, Smith AE, Thomson S, Mackness B, Mackness M, Durrington P, Cherry NM: GST CYP and PON1 polymorphisms in farmers attributing ill health to organophosphate-containing sheep dip. Biomarkers. 2007 Mar-Apr;12(2):188-202. In those also likely to have been exposed to diazinon, risks associated with a GSTP1*B or *C allele (OR 1.82, 95% CI 0.92-3.63) or a GSTM1*2/GSTT1*2 homozygous (OR 2.60, 95% CI 0.72-10.42) were elevated but not to a significant extent. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 16027737 | D'Amelio M, Ricci I, Sacco R, Liu X, D'Agruma L, Muscarella LA, Guarnieri V, Militerni R, Bravaccio C, Elia M, Schneider C, Melmed R, Trillo S, Pascucci T, Puglisi-Allegra S, Reichelt KL, Macciardi F, Holden JJ, Persico AM: Paraoxonase gene variants are associated with autism in North America, but not in Italy: possible regional specificity in gene-environment interactions. Mol Psychiatry. 2005 Nov;10(11):1006-16. Here, we indirectly test this hypothesis by assessing linkage/association between autism and variants of the paraoxonase gene (PON1) encoding paraoxonase, the enzyme responsible for OP detoxification. As predicted, Caucasian-American and not Italian families display a significant association between autism and PON1 variants less active in vitro on the OP diazinon (R192), according to case-control contrasts (Q192R: chi2=6.33, 1 df, P <0.025), transmission/disequilibrium tests (Q192R: TDT chi2=5.26, 1 df, P <0.025), family-based association tests (Q192R and L55M: FBAT Z=2.291 and 2.435 respectively, P <0.025), and haplotype-based association tests (L55/R192: HBAT Z=2.430, P <0.025). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 3304214 | Walker CH, Mackness MI: "A" esterases and their role in regulating the toxicity of organophosphates. Arch Toxicol. 1987;60(1-3):30-3. When HDL fractions from sheep serum were run on Sepharose gel columns, most of the paraoxonase activity separated as a single peak of estimated molecular weight 360,000, which corresponds to that of HDL2 of humans. This appears to be the main reason why birds are much more susceptible than mammals to organophosphates such as pirimiphos-methyl and diazinon which form active oxons that are good substrates for mammalian "A" esterases. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |