Protein Information

Name hormone receptor
Synonyms Early response protein NAK1; GFRP 1; GFRP1; Growth factor inducible nuclear protein N10; Growth factor response protein 1; HMR; Hormone receptor; N10…

Compound Information

Name atrazine
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
3695505 Kniewald J, Peruzovic M, Gojmerac T, Milkovic K, Kniewald Z: Indirect influence of s-triazines on rat gonadotropic mechanism at early postnatal period. J Steroid Biochem. 1987;27(4-6):1095-100.

The number of specific steroid-hormone receptor sites at the offsprings' gonads is unchanged if the mothers were treated only during pregnancy, but 5 alpha-DHT prostate receptors are strongly inhibited in offspring of mothers treated with atrazine and deethylatrazine during pregnancy and lactation.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
491646 Kniewald J, Mildner P, Kniewald Z: Effects of s-triazine herbicides on hormone-receptor complex formation, 5 alpha-reductase and 3 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity at the anterior pituitary level. J Steroid Biochem. 1979 Jul;11(1C):833-8.

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10746939 Sanderson JT, Seinen W, Giesy JP, van den Berg M: 2-Chloro-s-triazine herbicides induce aromatase (CYP19) activity in H295R human adrenocortical carcinoma cells: a novel mechanism for estrogenicity?. Toxicol Sci. 2000 Mar;54(1):121-7.

Investigations of potential effects on endocrine function have been limited mainly to interactions with hormone receptors.
In this report we demonstrated that the commonly used 2-chloro-s-triazine herbicides atrazine, simazine, and propazine dose-dependently (0-30 microM) induced aromatase (CYP19) activity to an apparent maximum of about 2.5-fold in H295R cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7560742 Kniewald J, Osredecki V, Gojmerac T, Zechner V, Kniewald Z: Effect of s-triazine compounds on testosterone metabolism in the rat prostate. J Appl Toxicol. 1995 May-Jun;15(3):215-8.

The influence of s-triazine compounds (atrazine, prometryne and deethylatrazine) on testosterone conversion and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone-receptor complex formation was studied in vitro and in vivo in the rat prostate.
The inhibition of the enzymic activities responsible for testosterone conversion and steroid hormone-receptor complex formation was non-competitive and reversible, and s-triazine compounds act as antiandrogens.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15597889 Thomas P, Doughty K: Disruption of rapid, nongenomic steroid actions by environmental chemicals: interference with progestin stimulation of sperm motility in Atlantic croaker. Environ Sci Technol. 2004 Dec 1;38(23):6328-32.

Pretreatment of sperm for 10 min in vitro with estrogenic compounds (estradiol-17beta, o,p'-DDT derivatives, zearalenone, bisphenol A, 2',3',4',5'-PCB-4-OH, kepone, chlordane, methoxyclor) and nonestrogenic organic compounds (p,p'-DDT derivatives, atrazine, Aroclor 1254, naphthalene, benzene) at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 10 microM did not decrease the percent of motile sperm, but all of them partially or completely blocked the response to 20beta-S.
The antagonistic actions of o,p'-DDT were partially reversed with 10-fold higher concentrations of 20beta-S, which is consistent with a hormone receptor-mediated mechanism of DDT action.
1(0,0,0,1) Details