| Name | bradykinin |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Alpha 2 thiol proteinase inhibitor; BDK; Bradykinin; KNG; KNG 1; KNG1; Kininogen; Kininogen 1 precursor… |
| Name | chloralose |
|---|---|
| CAS |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7776256 | Balkowiec A, Kukula K, Szulczyk P: Functional classification of afferent phrenic nerve fibres and diaphragmatic receptors in cats. J Physiol. 1995 Mar 15;483 ( Pt 3):759-68. Single afferent fibres with receptive fields in the diaphragm (272 units) dissected from the right phrenic nerve were classified according to the following properties: reaction to contraction of the diaphragm, resting activity, conduction velocity, location and properties of receptive fields, and reaction to injection of bradykinin and lactic acid into the internal thoracic artery. The experiments were performed on chloralose-anaesthetized cats. 2. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9106812 | Pedersen J, Sjolander P, Wenngren BI, Johansson H: Increased intramuscular concentration of bradykinin increases the static fusimotor drive to muscle spindles in neck muscles of the cat. Pain. 1997 Mar;70(1):83-91. Responses of 29 MSAs (15 SP and 14 TR) were registered in five adult cats anaesthetised with alpha-chloralose. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 7573532 | Huang HS, Pan HL, Stahl GL, Longhurst JC: Ischemia- and reperfusion-sensitive cardiac sympathetic afferents: influence of H2O2 and Am J Physiol. 1995 Sep;269(3 Pt 2):H888-901. Single-unit nerve activity of 55 afferents was recorded from the left paravertebral sympathetic chain (T1-T4) in cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose. Mechanical and chemical sensitivities of each afferent ending were evaluated by von Frey hairs, cardiac distension, and local application of bradykinin (BK, 142 pmol) or H2O2 (7.5-15 mumol) to the receptive field. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 7478296 | Djupsjobacka M, Johansson H, Bergenheim M, Wenngren BI: Influences on the gamma-muscle spindle system from muscle afferents stimulated by increased intramuscular concentrations of bradykinin and Neurosci Res. 1995 Jun;22(3):325-33. The experiments were made on six cats anaesthetised with alpha-chloralose. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 16099221 | Wang HJ, Zhang F, Zhang Y, Gao XY, Wang W, Zhu GQ: AT1 receptor in paraventricular nucleus mediates the enhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats with chronic heart failure. Auton Neurosci. 2005 Aug 31;121(1-2):56-63. Under urethane and alpha-chloralose anesthesia, mean arterial pressure, heart rate and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were recorded in sino-aortic denervated and cervical vagotomized CHF and sham-operated rats. The effects of bilateral microinjection of AT1 receptor antagonist losartan and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on the CSAR evoked by epicardial application of bradykinin (BK, 0.04 and 0.4 microg) were determined respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7985385 | Cottrell DF, Reynolds GW: Electrophysiological characteristics of tension receptors in the abomasal antrum of sheep. Vet Res Commun. 1994;18(3):225-38. Unitary impulse activity from tension receptors in the abomasal antrum in sheep anaesthetized with chloralose was studied with concurrent measurements of isometric tension in the antral wall, intraluminal pressures and electromyography (EMG). Tension receptors were excited by transmural compression, by antral distension and by local intra-arterial injections of (2.5-25 micrograms), pentagastrin (10-20 micrograms), (1-20 micrograms), (10 micrograms) cholecystokinin-8 (1-5 micrograms) or bradykinin (0.5-20 micrograms), and by systemic injections of bethanecol (5-1000 micrograms). |
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| 1733330 | Stebbins CL, Stahl GL, Theodossy SJ, Longhurst JC: Modulation of bradykinin-induced gastric-cardiovascular reflexes by Am J Physiol. 1992 Jan;262(1 Pt 2):R112-9. Thus in chloralose anesthetized cats, the cardiovascular response to stimulation of the gastric serosa with 1 microgram/ml bradykinin was monitored before and after topical application of 100 micrograms/ml (n = 6) or 1 mg/ml (H1-receptor antagonist) and (n = 5). |
39(0,1,1,9) | Details |
| 1797297 | Vegh A, Szekeres L, Parratt JR: Local intracoronary infusions of bradykinin profoundly reduce the severity of ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in anaesthetized dogs. Br J Pharmacol. 1991 Oct;104(2):294-5. Bradykinin in a dose (25 ng kg-1 min-1) which did not alter coronary flow, or saline, were infused into a small branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery in dogs anaesthetized with chloralose and urethane, for 10 min prior to coronary artery occlusion and throughout the 25 min occlusion period. |
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| 12597777 | Ewert S, Johansson B, Holm M, Helander HF, Fandriks L: The bradykinin BK2 receptor mediates angiotensin II receptor type 2 stimulated rat duodenal mucosal alkaline secretion. BMC Physiol. 2003 Feb 22;3:1. Epub 2003 Feb 22. Duodenal mucosal alkaline secretion was measured in methohexital- and alpha-chloralose-anaesthetised rats by means of in situ pH-stat titration. |
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| 9496441 | de Moura RS, Leao MC: Participation of kinins in the inhibitory action of captopril on acute hypertension induced by L-NAME in anesthetized rats. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1997 Oct;30(10):1219-23. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of bradykinin in the inhibitory action of captopril in hypertension induced by L-NAME in anesthetized rats. Male Wistar rats (260-320 g) were anesthetized with chloralose and arterial blood pressure was recorded with a polygraph pressure transducer. |
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| 10362696 | Chao DM, Shen LL, Tjen-A-Looi S, Pitsillides KF, Li P, Longhurst JC: Naloxone reverses inhibitory effect of electroacupuncture on sympathetic cardiovascular reflex responses. Am J Physiol. 1999 Jun;276(6 Pt 2):H2127-34. In a feline model of reflex-induced reversible myocardial ischemia, electrical stimulation of the median nerves to mimic EA (Neiguan acupoint) significantly improved ischemic dysfunction, secondary to an inhibitory effect of EA on reflex pressor effects evoked by bradykinin (BK). Accordingly, in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats, BK (10 micrograms/ml) was applied to the gallbladder to elicit a cardiovascular reflex response that significantly (P < 0.05) increased arterial blood pressure and heart rate; normalized systolic wall thickening (%WTh) of the left ventricle, measured by ultrasonic single-crystal sonomicrometer, increased by 31 +/- 11% (P < 0.05). |
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| 9537345 | Li P, Pitsillides KF, Rendig SV, Pan HL, Longhurst JC: Reversal of reflex-induced myocardial ischemia by median nerve stimulation: a feline model of electroacupuncture. Circulation. 1998 Mar 31;97(12):1186-94. METHODS AND RESULTS: Chloralose-anesthetized cats were instrumented to measure arterial blood pressure, left ventricular pressure, left ventricular dP/dt, heart rate, left anterior descending (LAD) coronary blood velocity, and regional wall motion. Subsequently, transient reflex activation of the cardiovascular system was evoked by application of bradykinin (typically 1 microg/mL) to the gallbladder, which significantly increased myocardial demand (double product), left ventricular dP/dt, and coronary blood velocity and caused ischemia-induced regional dysfunction, evidenced by significant (P <.05) reduction in normalized wall thickening (10.7+/-4.2% versus -23.6+/-2.9%; control versus ischemia; n=7). |
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| 15893703 | Minisi AJ: Ventricular reflex interactions during transmural myocardial ischemia. . Auton Neurosci. 2005 Apr 29;119(1):9-15. Epub 2005 Apr 26. Experiments were performed in 27 chloralose-anesthetized dogs with sinoaortic denervation. The adequacy of sympathetic deafferentation was assessed by measurement of renal nerve responses to epicardial bradykinin. |
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| 12111042 | Zhu GQ, Zucker IH, Wang W: Central AT1 receptors are involved in the enhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats with chronic heart failure. Basic Res Cardiol. 2002 Jul;97(4):320-6. Under alpha-chloralose and urethane anesthesia, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were recorded in sino-aortic denervated and cervical vagotomized rats. The CSAR was examined by epicardial application of bradykinin (BK, 0.04 and 0.4 microg in 2.0 microl) or (0.04 and 0.4 microg in 2.0 microl) to the anterior and posterior wall of the left ventricle. |
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| 8384119 | Schepelmann K, Messlinger K, Schmidt RF: The effects of phorbol ester on slowly conducting afferents of the cat's knee joint. Exp Brain Res. 1993;92(3):391-8. Extracellular single unit recordings were made from small filaments dissected from the medial articular nerve in cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose. Most of the PDBu-positive units responded also to bradykinin, whereas only a few PDBu-positive units were sensitive to and E2. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9724280 | Wang W: Cardiac sympathetic afferent stimulation by bradykinin in heart failure: role of NO and prostaglandins. Am J Physiol. 1998 Sep;275(3 Pt 2):H783-8. I have shown that cardiac sympathetic afferent stimulation by epicardial application of bradykinin (BK) was significantly enhanced in pacing-induced heart failure (HF) dogs. Under alpha-chloralose (100 mg/kg iv) anesthesia, the renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) response to BK was determined in 15 HF and 15 sham dogs in the sinoaortic-denervated and vagotomized state. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8419013 | Minisi AJ, Thames MD: Distribution of left ventricular sympathetic afferents demonstrated by reflex responses to transmural myocardial ischemia and to intracoronary and epicardial bradykinin. Circulation. 1993 Jan;87(1):240-6. METHODS AND RESULTS: We measured reflex responses to stimulation of sympathetic afferents located in the anterior and IP LV: We used myocardial ischemia and chemical stimuli to increase the activity of the sensory endings in 15 chloralose-anesthetized, mechanically ventilated dogs with sinoaortic denervation and vagotomy. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11282894 | Niwa K, Haensel C, Ross ME, Iadecola C: Cyclooxygenase-1 participates in selected vasodilator responses of the cerebral circulation. Circ Res. 2001 Mar 30;88(6):600-8. Mice were anesthetized (urethane and chloralose) and equipped with a cranial window. In wild-type mice, SC-560 (25 micromol/L) reduced resting CBF by 21+/-4% and attenuated the CBF increase produced by topical application of bradykinin (-59%) or ionophore A23187 (-49%) and by systemic hypercapnia (-58%) (P <0.05 to 0.01). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8853400 | Wang W, Zucker IH: Cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in dogs with congestive heart failure. . Am J Physiol. 1996 Sep;271(3 Pt 2):R751-6. At the time of the acute experiment the dogs were anesthetized with alpha-chloralose. The hemodynamic [arterial pressure and heart rate (HR)] and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) responses to left ventricular epicardial application of two doses of bradykinin (BK) and (Cap) were determined in the sinoaortic-denervated and vagotomized state. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9258867 | Malik R, Minisi AJ: Simultaneous cardiac and renal sympathetic neural responses to activation of left ventricular sympathetic afferents. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1997 Jul 14;65(1):10-6. To assess this observation more rigorously, we simultaneously measured changes in cardiac and renal SNA elicited by TMI and by epicardial and intracoronary bradykinin (BK). Experiments were performed in 19 chloralose-anesthetized dogs with sinoaortic denervation and vagotomy. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18554298 | Zhong MK, Shi Z, Zhou LM, Gao J, Liao ZH, Wang W, Gao XY, Zhu GQ: Regulation of cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex by (A) and GABA (B) receptors in paraventricular nucleus in rats. Eur J Neurosci. 2008 Jun;27(12):3226-32. Epub 2008 Jun 1. Under urethane (800 mg/kg) and alpha-chloralose (40 mg/kg) anesthesia, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in sinoaortic-denervated and cervical-vagotomized rats. CSAR was evaluated based in the response of RSNA to epicardial application of (0.3 nmol) or bradykinin (1 nmol). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7851512 | Hutchison WD, Luhn MA, Schmidt RF: Responses of lateral thalamic neurons to algesic chemical stimulation of the cat knee joint. Exp Brain Res. 1994;101(3):452-64. In order to gain insight into the representation of articular pain of the knee at the supraspinal level, recordings were made from lateral thalamic neurons receiving input from afferent fibres of the knee joint in chloralose-anaesthetized cats. Close retrograde injections (300 microliters over 6 s) into geniculate artery of KCl (2 x isotonic), bradykinin (BK, 2.6 or 26 micrograms) and (200 microM) were used to test the response properties of thalamic neurons. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11932057 | Sandner-Kiesling A, Pan HL, Chen SR, James RL, DeHaven-Hudkins DL, Dewan DM, Eisenach JC: Effect of kappa opioid agonists on visceral nociception induced by uterine cervical distension in rats. Pain. 2002 Mar;96(1-2):13-22. Under intravenous (i.v.) pentobarbital and alpha-chloralose anesthesia, fine metal rods were inserted in both uterine cervical osses through a small midline laparotomy. Units could be characterized as low threshold (mean threshold 6.6+/-2.7 g), or high threshold (mean threshold 55+/-8.8 g); all were C fibers, all responded to topical bradykinin. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16153615 | Han Y, Zhang Y, Wang HJ, Gao XY, Wang W, Zhu GQ: Reactive species in paraventricular nucleus modulates cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats. Brain Res. 2005 Oct 5;1058(1-2):82-90. Epub 2005 Sep 8. Under alpha-chloralose and urethane anesthesia, renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate were recorded in sinoaortic-denervated and cervical-vagotomized rats. The CSAR was evaluated by the RSNA response to epicardial application of bradykinin (0.04 and 0.4 microCompared with microinjection of saline into the PVN, scavenger, either tempol (20 nmol) or tiron (10 nmol), significantly decreased the CSAR (P < 0.05). |
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| 12003809 | Zhu GQ, Patel KP, Zucker IH, Wang W: Microinjection of ANG II into paraventricular nucleus enhances cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Jun;282(6):H2039-45. While the animals were under alpha-chloralose and urethane anesthesia, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were recorded in sinoaortic-denervated and cervical-vagotomized rats. The cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex was tested by electrical stimulation (5, 10, 20, and 30 Hz in 10 V and 1 ms) of the afferent cardiac sympathetic nerves or epicardial application of bradykinin (BK) (0.04 and 0.4 microg in 2 microl). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11045993 | Li DP, Pan HL: Responses of neurons in rostral ventrolateral medulla to activation of cardiac receptors in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2000 Nov;279(5):H2549-57. Single-unit activity of RVLM neurons was recorded in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized rats. Cardiac receptors were stimulated by epicardial application of 10 microg/ml of bradykinin (BK). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16399864 | Li P, Tjen-A-Looi SC, Longhurst JC: Excitatory projections from arcuate nucleus to ventrolateral periaqueductal gray in electroacupuncture inhibition of cardiovascular reflexes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Jun;290(6):H2535-42. Epub 2006 Jan 6. Microinjection of DLH into the ARC, like EA, inhibited (30 min) the reflex increase in BP induced by application of bradykinin (BK) to the gallbladder, whereas microinjection of KA into the ARC blocked the inhibitory influence of EA at P5-6 on the BK-induced BP response. The gallbladder of alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats was stimulated to test for the influence of EA on splanchnic afferent-induced cardiovascular reflexes. |
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| 11462081 | Kang YM, Wheeler JD, Pickar JG: Stimulation of chemosensitive afferents from multifidus muscle does not sensitize multifidus muscle spindles to vertebral loads in the lumbar spine of the cat. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2001 Jul 15;26(14):1528-36. METHODS: Single unit activity from muscle spindles in the L6 multifidus muscle were recorded from the cut peripheral end of the L6 dorsal root in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats and in decerebrate unanesthetized cats. Chemosensitive afferents in the L5 and L7 multifidus muscle were stimulated by bathing (subfascial injection) or infiltrating (intramuscular injection) the L5 and L7 multifidus muscles with bradykinin or |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7693277 | Vegh A, Papp JG, Szekeres L, Parratt JR: Prevention by an inhibitor of the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway of the antiarrhythmic effects of bradykinin in anaesthetized dogs. Br J Pharmacol. 1993 Sep;110(1):18-9. The intracoronary administration of bradykinin (25 ng kg-1 min-1) markedly reduces the severity of arrhythmias that occur during a 25 min occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery in chloralose, urethane anaesthetized dogs. |
34(0,1,1,4) | Details |
| 1812239 | Blair RW, Evans AR: Responses of medullary raphespinal neurons to coronary artery occlusion, epicardial bradykinin, and cardiac mechanical stimuli in cats. J Neurophysiol. 1991 Dec;66(6):2095-106. A total of 59 medullary raphespinal neurons antidromically activated from the T2-T5 segments were tested for responses to coronary artery occlusion, epicardial application of bradykinin, and mechanical probing of the epicardium in cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose. |
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| 9124445 | Pickar JG: Coronary chemoreflex evoked by intrapericardial has a somatic component. Am J Physiol. 1997 Feb;272(2 Pt 2):H827-34. Cardiac receptors were stimulated by injection of and bradykinin into the pericardial sac of 15 chloralose-anesthetized (50 mg/kg) cats. |
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| 9593951 | Gutterman DD, Pardubsky PD, Pettersen M, Marcus ML, Gebhart GF: Thoracic spinal neuron responses to repeated myocardial ischemia and epicardial bradykinin. Brain Res. 1998 Apr 20;790(1-2):293-303. Mongrel cats were anesthetized with alpha-chloralose and heart rate, arterial pressure, and thoracic spinal neuron firing rate were recorded during 60 s of anterior descending coronary occlusion or local epicardial application of bradykinin (10 microM). |
13(0,0,1,8) | Details |
| 8023017 | Wilson CR, Vanelli G, Magder S, Hussain SN: Phrenic afferent stimulation by bradykinin and the distribution of the inspiratory motor drive. Respir Physiol. 1994 Apr;96(1):1-12. To assess whether bradykinin causes similar effects, we injected boluses of bradykinin into the phrenic artery of in situ, isolated and innervated left hemi-diaphragm preparations in 8 alpha-chloralose anesthetized, vagotomized, mechanically ventilated dogs. |
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| 11849728 | Hellstrom F, Thunberg J, Bergenheim M, Sjolander P, Djupsjobacka M, Johansson H: Increased intra-articular concentration of bradykinin in the temporomandibular joint changes the sensitivity of muscle spindles in dorsal neck muscles in the cat. Neurosci Res. 2002 Feb;42(2):91-9. To this end, 26 muscle spindle afferents (MSAs) emanating from the trapezius and splenius muscles of the anaesthetised cat (alpha-chloralose, initial dosage 60 mg/kg) were recorded during injection of Bradykinin (BK) (12.5-50 microg/ml) in the ipsilateral TMJ. |
8(0,0,1,3) | Details |
| 11499012 | Chao DM, Shen LL, Cao YX, Li P: [Inhibitory effect of electroacupuncture on the cardiovascular response evoked by applying bradykinin on the gallbladder]. Sheng Li Xue Bao. 1999 Apr;51(2):175-80. The effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the pressor response and reversible myocardial dysfunction induced by application of bradykinin (BK) on the gallbladder were studied in cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose. |
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| 11240074 | Thunberg J, Hellstrom F, Sjolander P, Bergenheim M, Wenngren B, Johansson H: Influences on the fusimotor-muscle spindle system from chemosensitive nerve endings in cervical facet joints in the cat: possible implications for whiplash induced disorders. Pain. 2001 Mar;91(1-2):15-22. In seven cats, anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose, bradykinin (BK) of concentrations between 12 and 50 microg was injected into the facet joint between C1 and C2. |
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| 8889765 | Stebbins CL, Bonigut S: Endogenous bradykinin in the thoracic spinal cord contributes to the exercise pressor reflex. J Appl Physiol. 1996 Sep;81(3):1288-94. Thus we performed 30 s of electrically stimulated static contraction of the hindlimb in the anesthetized cat (alpha-chloralose) to provoke reflex-induced increases in mean arterial pressure, maximal rate of rise of left ventricular pressure (dP/dt), and heart rate (i.e., the exercise pressor reflex). |
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| 7553722 | McDermott DA, Meller ST, Gebhart GF, Gutterman DD: Use of an indwelling catheter for examining cardiovascular responses to pericardial administration of bradykinin in rat. Cardiovasc Res. 1995 Jul;30(1):39-46. In contrast, in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized or awake rats, pericardial administration of BK produced a dose-dependent (0.001-10 micrograms) increase in arterial blood pressure and tachycardia. |
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| 9331154 | Chen L, Holm M, Fandriks L, Pettersson A, Johansson B: ACE inhibition by enalaprilate stimulates duodenal mucosal alkaline secretion via a bradykinin pathway in the rat. Dig Dis Sci. 1997 Sep;42(9):1908-13. The effects of enalaprilate on duodenal mucosal alkaline secretion (in situ titration) and mean arterial blood pressure were investigated in chloralose-anesthetized male rats. |
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| 11581603 | Minisi AJ, Topaz O, Quinn MS, Mohanty LB: Cardiac nociceptive reflexes after transmyocardial laser revascularization: implications for the neural hypothesis of angina relief. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2001 Oct;122(4):712-9. METHODS: Experiments were performed in 13 chloralose-anesthetized dogs with sinoaortic denervation and vagotomy. Left ventricular receptors with sympathetic afferent fibers were activated by epicardial and intracoronary bradykinin before and 45 minutes after transmyocardial laser revascularization. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 8967485 | Yokoyama S, Benoit JN: Effects of bradykinin on lymphatic pumping in rat mesentery. . Am J Physiol. 1996 May;270(5 Pt 1):G752-6. Rats were anesthetized with intraperitoneal alpha-chloralose and urethan, and exteriorized mesenteries were studied using intravital microscopic techniques. |
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| 11078000 | Hellstrom F, Thunberg J, Bergenheim M, Sjolander P, Pedersen J, Johansson H: Elevated intramuscular concentration of bradykinin in jaw muscle increases the fusimotor drive to neck muscles in the cat. J Dent Res. 2000 Oct;79(10):1815-22. A total of 23 muscle spindle afferents from the trapezius and splenius muscles was recorded at the C3-C4 level in 7 adult cats anesthetized with alpha-chloralose. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |