Protein Information

Name IL 12 (protein family or complex)
Synonyms Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor; Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factors; IL 12; IL12; Natural killer cell stimulatory factor; Natural killer cell stimulatory factors

Compound Information

Name acrolein
CAS 2-propenal

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9266806 Li L, Hamilton RF Jr, Taylor DE, Holian A: Acrolein-induced cell death in human alveolar macrophages. . Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Aug;145(2):331-9.

Acrolein caused a dose-dependent inhibition of release of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, and IL-12.
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18566440 Kasahara DI, Poynter ME, Othman Z, Hemenway D, van der Vliet A: Acrolein inhalation suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory cytokine production but does not affect acute airways neutrophilia. J Immunol. 2008 Jul 1;181(1):736-45.

However, exposure to acrolein after LPS instillation markedly diminished the LPS-induced production of several inflammatory cytokines, specifically TNF-alpha, IL-12, and the Th1 cytokine IFN-gamma, which was associated with reduction in NF-kappaB activation.
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17950725 Borchers MT, Wesselkamper SC, Harris NL, Deshmukh H, Beckman E, Vitucci M, Tichelaar JW, Leikauf GD: CD8+ T cells contribute to macrophage accumulation and airspace enlargement following repeated irritant exposure. Exp Mol Pathol. 2007 Dec;83(3):301-10. Epub 2007 Sep 26.

METHODS: We analyzed pulmonary inflammation and alveolar destruction in wild-type and Cd8-deficient mice chronically exposed to acrolein, a potent respiratory tract irritant.
The expression of several inflammatory cytokines (IP-10, IFN-gamma, IL-12, RANTES, and MCP-1), MMP2 and MMP9 gelatinase activity, and caspase3 immunoreactivity in pulmonary epithelial cells were attenuated in the Cd8-deficient mice compared to wild-type.
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19605955 Bryniarski K, Szczepanik M, Ptak M, Zemelka M, Ptak W: Influence of cyclophosphamide and its metabolic products on the activity of peritoneal macrophages in mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2009 May-Jun;61(3):550-7.


Our experiments show that treatment of Mf with ACR or NM stimulates the in vitro production of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-12 and down-regulates anti-inflammatory IL-10 and TGF-beta cytokines.
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