Protein Information

Name metallothionein (protein family or complex)
Synonyms Metallothionein; Metallothioneins

Compound Information

Name carbon tetrachloride
CAS tetrachloromethane

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18649050 Domitrovic R, Jakovac H, Grebic D, Milin C, Radosevic-Stasic B: Dose- and time-dependent effects of luteolin on liver metallothioneins and metals in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2008 Winter;126(1-3):176-85. Epub 2008 Jul 24.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
17409699 Min KS: [Physiological significance of metallothionein in oxidative stress] . Yakugaku Zasshi. 2007 Apr;127(4):695-702.

Prooxidative agents such as paraquat and carbon tetrachloride induce MT synthesis mediated by some responsive elements.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15359896 Satoh M: [Toxicological significance of metallothionein on environmental harmful factors: verification and suggestions from a metallothionein-I/II null mouse model study]. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 2004 Jul;59(3):317-25.

MT-I/II null mice were found to be much more sensitive than wild-type mice to the toxicity caused by free radical-inducing factors, which include paraquat, acetaminophen, ethanol, X-ray, ultraviolet B, carbon tetrachloride, cisplatin, doxorubicin, cerulein and streptozotocin.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15564144 Jiang Y, Kang YJ: Metallothionein gene therapy for chemical-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Mol Ther. 2004 Dec;10(6):1130-9.

Wild-type (WT) mice treated with carbon tetrachloride in corn oil twice a week at 1 ml/kg for 4 weeks developed a reversible liver fibrosis upon removal of the chemical, correlating with a high level of hepatic MT; but those treated for 8 weeks developed an irreversible liver fibrosis along with low levels of hepatic MT.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18706400 Liu J, Wu Q, Lu YF, Pi J: New insights into generalized hepatoprotective effects of oleanolic acid: key roles of metallothionein and Nrf2 induction. Biochem Pharmacol. 2008 Oct 1;76(7):922-8. Epub 2008 Jul 23.

Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triperpenoid that protects against a variety of hepatotoxicants such as carbon tetrachloride, cadmium, acetaminophen, and bromobenzene.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16730224 Yan Y, Wanshun L, Baoqin H, Bing L, Chenwei F: Protective effects of chitosan oligosaccharide and its derivatives against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice. Hepatol Res. 2006 Jul;35(3):178-84. Epub 2006 May 26.

Pretreatment with COS, GlcNH (2), and GlcNAc (1.5g/kg body weight, i.g.) for 12 consecutive days prior to CCl (4) challenge significantly induced metallothionein (MT) expression.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19747501 Domitrovic R, Jakovac H, Tomac J, Sain I: Liver fibrosis in mice induced by carbon tetrachloride and its reversion by luteolin. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Dec 15;241(3):311-21. Epub 2009 Sep 8.

Luteolin treatment has increased hepatic matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels and metallothionein (MT) I/II expression, eliminated fibrinous deposits and restored architecture of the liver in a dose-dependent manner.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15963578 Krasnov A, Koskinen H, Rexroad C, Afanasyev S, Molsa H, Oikari A: Transcriptome responses to carbon tetrachloride and pyrene in the kidney and liver of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquat Toxicol. 2005 Aug 15;74(1):70-81.

Universal reactions to chemical toxicity were observed in metallothionein, HSP90 and mitochondrial proteins of oxidative phosphorylation, which were induced in both tissues.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15908265 Koh HS, Matsui A, Mimura S, Inao M, Saitoh E, Ohno A, Nagoshi S, Yoshimoto T, Mochida S, Fujiwara K: Increased cytoprotective function in the liver of transgenic mice expressing osteopontin in hepatocytes. Hepatol Res. 2005 May;32(1):46-51.

Liver necrosis in the centrilobular areas developed after carbon tetrachloride treatment, but its histological extent and plasma ALT activities were significantly smaller in the transgenic mice aged 8 weeks than in the wild-type C57BL/6 control mice.
We conclude that cytoprotective function of the liver is increased through up-regulated expressions of metallothionein and GST, and thereby susceptibility of hepatocytes to the stress may be less possible, if any, in the development of spontaneous liver necrosis in transgenic mice expressing osteopontin in hepatocytes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details