Protein Information

Name glutathione transferase
Synonyms GST class mu 2; GST 4; GST4; GSTM; GSTM 2; GSTM2; GSTM2 2; GSTmu3…

Compound Information

Name ethylene dibromide
CAS 1,2-dibromoethane

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
16948056 Josephy PD, Taylor PL, Vervaet G, Mannervik B: Screening and characterization of variant Theta-class glutathione transferases catalyzing the activation of ethylene dibromide to a mutagen. Environ Mol Mutagen. 2006 Dec;47(9):657-65.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
1739400 Lundqvist G, Morgenstern R: Studies on the activation of rat liver microsomal glutathione transferase in isolated hepatocytes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Jan 22;43(2):131-5.

10(0,0,0,10) Details
1898041 Warren DL, Reed DJ: Modification of hepatic vitamin E stores in vivo. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1991 Aug 1;288(2):449-55.


Vitamin E depletion may be dependent upon initial steps of DBE metabolism that are either oxidative (cytochrome P450 dependent) or conjugative (glutathione transferase dependent).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8679012 Chiarpotto E, Biasi F, Scavazza A, Camandola S, Aragno M, Tamagno E, Danni O, Dianzani MU, Poli G: Acetaldehyde involvement in ethanol-induced potentiation of rat hepatocyte damage due to the carcinogen 1,2-dibromoethane. Alcohol Alcohol. 1995 Nov;30(6):721-8.


By pretreatment with 4-methylpyrazole, an inhibitor of acetaldehyde formation, the ethanol inactivation of glutathione transferase was actually prevented.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7036301 Shih TW, Hill DL: Metabolic activation of 1,2-dibromoethane by glutathione transferase and by microsomal mixed function oxidase: further evidence for formation of two reactive metabolites. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1981 Sep;33(3):449-61.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
12902151 Ross MK, Pegram RA: [35S]-labeling of the Salmonella typhimurium glutathione pool to assess glutathione-mediated DNA binding by 1,2-dibromoethane. Chem Biol Interact. 2003 Jul 25;146(1):39-49.


The strain of Salmonella used in this study had been transformed previously with the gene that codes for rat glutathione transferase theta 1-1 (GSTT1-1), an enzyme that can catalyze formation of genotoxic GSH conjugates.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1891769 Danni O, Chiarpotto E, Aragno M, Biasi F, Comoglio A, Belliardo F, Dianzani MU, Poli G: Lipid peroxidation and irreversible cell damage: synergism between carbon tetrachloride and 1,2-dibromoethane in isolated rat hepatocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Sep 1;110(2):216-22.


The increased prooxidant effect of CCl4 plus DBE compared to CCl4 alone seems related to the shift in DBE metabolism consequent to the CCl4-dependent inactivation of glutathione transferase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7748274 Chiarpotto E, Biasi F, Aragno M, Scavazza A, Danni O, Dianzani MU, Poli G: Ethanol-induced potentiation of rat hepatocyte damage due to 1,2-dibromoethane. Alcohol Alcohol. 1995 Jan;30(1):37-45.


The potentiation of the DBE effects by ethanol may be through a series of mechanisms, such as a strong inactivation of hepatocyte glutathione transferase similar to that caused by CCl4, an increased basal level of lipid peroxidation and a significant loss of total glutathione.
1(0,0,0,1) Details